What is the name of the ancient salute?

The price of ancient etiquette is very complicated. Men, who don't live in temples, bow down to the emperor, rest at home and bow down to their parents, and bow down to each other in places far from rivers and lakes. As for seniority, it is similar to people's common sense now.

What are the ancient ways of saluting?

The ritual of offering sacrifices to ancestors or family patrons in ancient temples. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a special person to formulate family ritual, and they walked with each other. There are two lines in Lu You's poem "Showing the Son" in the Song Dynasty: "Wang Shibei decided on the Central Plains and Japan, and he never forgets the family sacrifice."

The ceremony of ancient emperors coming to Korea. According to the regulations, the emperor faces south, the three fairs face northeast, the doctor faces northwest, the royal family faces southeast on the right side of the road gate, and the subordinate officials of the big servant face southwest on the left side of the road gate. The courtier's position has been set, and the Emperor and courtier bowed out after the ceremony. Later generations also called the etiquette of courting the monarch "offering courtesy."

One of the guest gifts to North Korea in ancient times. The ritual system in which princes regularly appear before the emperor. There are three forms for princes to welcome the emperor: sending doctors to welcome the emperor every year, which is called "small employment"; Every three years, the Qing dynasty was sent to see the emperor as a "big hire"; Appear before the emperor in person every five years, which is "Chao".

Hajj is one of the gifts of ancient guests. The ritual system of Zhou Dynasty governors appearing before the emperor. The princes appeared before the emperor, "seeing the dynasty in spring and making pilgrimage in autumn", which was a routine appearance. Appearing in front of the emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period is called pilgrimage.

"Friendship" refers to the etiquette of meeting hosts and guests in ancient times. There are three kinds of ceremonies according to the level, which are called "three ceremonies": one is "earth ceremony", which is specially used for different surnames without marriage relationship, and the hand is pushed down slightly when saluting; The second is "saving time", which is specially used for married people with different surnames. When saluting, push your hands flat and reach forward; The third is Yi Tian, which is specially used for guests with the same surname. When saluting, the hand is pushed up slightly. Finger meditation gives way to people who are more talented than themselves.

Long-term calling this an ancient ceremony, people hold it high from top to bottom, regardless of rank.

An ancient greeting ceremony in which hands are crossed on the chest to show respect. There is such a record in the Analects of Confucius: "The road arches and stands."

In ancient times, nodding was a kind of worship, and it was one of the "Nine Worship", commonly known as kowtow. When saluting, I got up as soon as I landed on my head. Because its head touches the ground for a short time, it is called nodding. It is usually used to pay tribute to superiors and colleagues, such as greetings and farewells between bureaucrats and greetings, visits and farewells between people. It is also often used at the beginning or end of a letter, such as Qiu Chi's book to Chen Bo: "Start later. General Chen was safe and sound, but fortunately ... Qiu Chi nodded.

It is one of the "Nine Worship" to pay homage to the ancients. When saluting, the giver kneels on his knees, presses his left hand with his right hand, surrenders to the ground, and slowly lowers his head to the ground. You must stay on the ground for a period of time with your hands in front of your knees and your head behind your hands. This is the most solemn ceremony among the nine worshippers, and it is often used by courtiers when they meet the king. Later, sons worshipped their father, heaven and God, and newlyweds worshipped their parents, ancestors, temples, teachers and graves, and so on.

Jiubai is a unique bow ceremony in ancient China to show high respect for each other. Zhou Li refers to "Nine Worshipments": "First, kowtow, second, nod, third, emptiness, fourth, vibration, fifth, auspicious worship, sixth, fierce worship, seventh, strange worship, eighth, praise and ninth, Subai." This is the prescribed etiquette used by social members of different ranks and identities on different occasions.

Kneel on your knees, stand up straight, and don't touch your heels to show your solemnity. Such as "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "So Xiang Ru went forward, because he knelt down and invited the king of Qin."

In ancient times, I sat on the floor with my knees on the ground and my hips on my heels. In order to show respect for others, the sitting method is quite particular: "After sitting empty, sit and eat." "After finishing" is to let the body sit back as far as possible to show humility; "Do your best" means to move your body forward as far as possible, without polluting the table and disrespecting people.

Ancient official ranks were different and very strict. Senior officials are superior, and low officials are subordinate. The ancients respected power and Taoism. "Left-leaning" means demoting officials. "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Take the other side as a great contribution, worship the Shangguan, and be on the right side of Lian Po." Ancient architecture is usually a hall structure with a front hall and a back room. The etiquette activities held in the class are to respect the south. When the emperor receives the minister, the seat must face south. Therefore, the ancients often called kings and emperors "South" and princes "North". The room is long from east to west and narrow from north to south, so the most distinguished seat in the room is west to east, followed by north to south, south to north, and east to west is the lowest. There are several lines at the Hongmen banquet: "Wang Xiang and Xiang Bo sit in the east, Yafu in the south, ... Pei Gong in the north, Sean in the west." The throne is the highest and Sean is the lowest.

The seats in ancient banquets were very particular about seniority. Generally, the square table is used for banquets, facing the gate, and its ranking is as follows: the distinguished guests are in the front, and 8 are the main seats. If there are many guests, you can set up two, three or more tables, which is different from sitting at one table away from one: sitting at one table is the same as sitting at one, leaving one is ... >>

What was the name of the ancient salute in China?

The levels of ancient salute can be roughly divided into: three kneels and nine knocks, three kneels and three knocks, three kneels and three knocks, eight knocks, four knocks and two knocks. These are used in formal occasions or ceremonies or court ceremonies, while in other cases, they are only divided into: nodding, kowtowing, nodding, bowing, handing over, and nodding (in return). In routine ceremonies, these eight worships and four worships can also be used.

The ancients saluted each other.

Bowing ceremony. It's often played in this TV series, so don't say much. JuGongLi generation, is used by the same generation, not for the elders and the younger generation.

What should ancient men do when they are eighteen?

Crown gift is a gift of Han nationality. This is a rite of passage for the Han people. Adult ceremony originated from primitive society and has a history of thousands of years. Crown ceremony refers to young men and women who reach a certain age and are mature enough to get married, and then participate in various activities as adults of the clan. Adult dance (also known as adult ceremony) can only be recognized by clan elders who traditionally hold certain ceremonies for young people. The coming-of-age ceremony of the Chinese nation is a coronation ceremony for men and a gift for women. According to the book, it was carried out in the Zhou Dynasty. According to the weekly system, men are crowned at the age of 20, but in order to take charge of state affairs as soon as possible, the Emperor of Heaven salutes earlier. The ancient coronation ceremony was held in the ancestral temple in February. Ten days before the coronation, the recipient should first indicate an auspicious day. If there is no auspicious day in ten days, the auspicious day in the next ten days will be chosen. Then inform relatives and friends of auspicious days. Three days before the coronation ceremony, the distinguished guests who presided over the coronation ceremony were elected by oath, and a "crown praise" was elected to assist the coronation ceremony. When saluting, the host (usually the father of the recipient), distinguished guests and the recipient should wear formal clothes. First add a crown, then give it a leather coat, and finally give it a title. After each coronation ceremony, the distinguished guests will read a congratulatory message to the recipients. The main idea of the congratulatory message is: on this beautiful and auspicious day, I will put on adult clothes for you; Please give up children's ambitions and cultivate adults' sentiments; Maintain dignity and cultivate virtue; I wish you a long life, lucky strike. Then, the recipient visits his mother. Then the distinguished guest answered the phone for him. In the Zhou Dynasty, characters were usually called "Bomou Mansion" (Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji, depending on the level). Then the host sent the distinguished guests to the temple gate to make a toast. At the same time, give him a bundle of silk skins (five silks and two deerskins) and then offer meat. Those who get the crown put on their hats and dresses to visit the monarch and hold a ceremony of reeds (pheasants, etc. ) visit the township doctor, etc. If the father has passed away, the recipient of the crown should make a sacrifice to his father to show that the coronation ceremony will be completed before his father. After the sacrifice, I visited my uncle and then had a meal. This ceremony of conferring a crown, choosing words and meeting a gentleman changed from time to time and from place to place in later generations. It is held among people aged fifteen to twenty, and it varies from place to place. After the mid-Qing dynasty, it was mostly held a few days before marriage or the day before. In some areas, since the Song Dynasty, the ceremony was simple and guests were not entertained. The Book of Rites Quli is only performed in one's own home or within one's own scope, saying that "the man is twenty years old". The ancestors took 20 years old for men and 0/6 years old for women as the age threshold for adulthood.

What did ancient people do when they were thirteen?

At the age of thirteen, an ancient man performed a rite of passage, which was a life ceremony to recognize young people's ability and qualification to enter the society. When you are 20, you will be crowned.

What was the posture of ancient ministers bowing to the emperor?

Before the Qing dynasty, in general, ministers only had to bow down to the emperor, that is, bow down and present a 90-degree gift. On formal occasions, such as the big court meeting, you must kowtow, that is, kowtow on your knees. The same is true of military commanders. However, when a military commander wears armor, he can salute. Military salute is a strange worship ceremony, and he can only bow down once.

After the Qing Dynasty, ministers kowtowed to the emperor in general occasions and bowed three times and nine times in formal occasions. When a military commander is wearing armor, he will do a thousand salutations, that is, kneeling on one knee and landing with the other hand. It is Manchu etiquette to salute 1000 times, which did not exist in China before the Qing Dynasty.

In fact, the traditional three-knocking and nine-worshipping in China refers to nine kinds of etiquette, including three kinds of kowtow. The ceremony of Zhou refers to the "Nine Worship": "One, knock, two, stop, three, empty, four, vibration, five, good luck, six, fierce, seven, odd, eight and nine." The first three kinds of kowtow, nodding and short kowtow are kneeling, so they are called three knocks and nine obeisances.

During the Han dynasty, the emperor treated the prime minister with courtesy. When the prime minister met the emperor, the emperor gave him his seat. The prime minister is ill, and the emperor will visit him in person. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, officials also had seats to attend the court. In the Song Dynasty, officials had to stand in court. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, ministers could not even stand up when playing, so they had to kneel. From Zhu Yuanzhang in the Ming Dynasty, it was expressly stipulated that "hundred officials kneel down". Bureaucrats in the Qing dynasty knelt in the court for a long time, so that ministers had special knee pads. It can be seen from the changes in etiquette that since the Song Dynasty, the authority of the emperor has been getting higher and higher, while the status of bureaucrats has been declining.

In fact, the bowing ceremony is not unique to China. Almost all countries and nations in the world have this tradition. For example, ancient Europeans bowed to the king, and all three religions (Buddhism, God/Christ and * * *) bowed to their own gods. Up to now, couples who get married in Korea still have to bow to their elders!

Let's talk about the origin of China's collapse:

In some plays and movies reflecting ancient history, we often see the ancients bow down. Why is there such a life etiquette? This should start with the material conditions and living habits of ancient people.

Before the Han Dynasty, there were no formal desks and chairs in China. When people eat, discuss and read, they just spread a mat made of reeds and bamboo sticks on the ground, that is, people sit on the mat, so it is called "sitting on the floor". If guests are invited to sit on the chair, they will get a heavy cushion to show their respect. Even the supreme ruler of the imperial court sat on the floor. The seats where five people sit are all equipped with screens embroidered with black and white axes. In front of the screen, there are straw mats in the south, with colorful pu mats and peach branches and bamboo mats, and jade children are placed on the left and right for the king to rely on.

So the so-called "sitting" posture in ancient times is completely different from that of us modern people. When sitting, you should land on your knees, then sit on your heels with your feet facing back. The "sitting" of the ancients is actually our present kneeling. When receiving guests, whenever you "sit" and thank them, you often straighten your upper body to show your respect, that is, "leadership"

According to the ancients, not kneeling is not worship. Worship means salute in ancient times. According to the etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty, there were strict regulations on the actions and objects of bowing at that time, and * * * was divided into kowtowing, nodding and empty worship, which was called "formal worship". When bowing down, the worshipper must kneel on the ground, press his left hand on his right hand, support himself on the ground, and then slowly kneel down to kowtow.

When curtseying, it is the same as kowtowing except that different people have to kowtow in a hurry and their foreheads touch the ground. Generally, you salute from bottom to top. These two "nods" were later used at the beginning or end of letters, and also at the beginning and end to show respect for others. )

When performing the first military salute in the air, you land on your knees, put your hands together, bow your head and reach out, so you can't land with peace of mind, so it's called "empty hand" or "hand worship". This is one of the men's bow ceremonies in the "Nine Worship".

Others, such as vibration, not only bow down and nod, but also "jump" after worship, that is, jump. At general funerals, worshippers often beat their chests and feet, jumping and crying, expressing extreme grief and fierce worship, that is, nodding first and then hollowing out their heads when saluting; Bai Ji, when saluting, first empty your head and then nod; Odd worship, odd is singular, that is, a kind of worship; Praise and worship, that is, once again ... >>

How did men and women perform rituals in ancient times?

China has attached great importance to etiquette since ancient times, and there are many wedding etiquette that must be paid attention to in life and marriage.

Asking names is the second of the six rituals. In other words, the man sent a matchmaker to the woman's house to ask her name and birthday. After getting Geng Tie back, Buji folded his character. "Yili? Shi Hunli: "Bin Zhiyan, what's your name? "Master Xu, guest admission." Zheng Xuan's note: "Anyone who asks his name will have good or bad luck." Jia Gong Yan Shu: "If you ask your first name, ask your female surname."

The third of Najib's six rites. After asking the name and matching the eight characters, the man informs the woman of the good omen of marriage and presents her engagement. This is etiquette. In ancient times, Naji also offered a goose feast. Zheng Xuan's note: "It's a good omen to return to the temple, and then send an envoy to tell you that the marriage is settled." In the Song Dynasty, most people were engaged by Buji in the form of marriage. In the Ming dynasty, it was replaced by the general book of the media and marriage. In the Qing Dynasty, Najib Yiyi was involved in the process of asking names and getting married. During the Republic of China, there was no Naji instrument, only a simple Buji instrument, and the woman Geng was placed in front of the kitchen god. If there is no abnormality within three days, it will be regarded as smooth, and men and women will get married. ?

Levi is also called "Nacheng" and "Nabi". The fourth of six ceremonies. It is the man who gives the bride price to the woman. Book of rites? Confucius Ying Da's Diligence and Confusion: "The money collected is also collected by those who receive it. Sign, into also. Hire money before getting married. "It was not until Najib learned that the woman agreed to get married that the man felt that it was feasible to receive the bride price. It is the only etiquette among the six rites that does not use geese, which shows that the ancients have distinct righteousness and etiquette. Gifts collected in past dynasties are all customized, and many items such as jewelry and fine silks are used by the people for women's employment, which is called collecting money and later evolved into gifts.

Invitation date is also called notification date, commonly known as date selection. The fifth of the six ceremonies. It was the man who sent someone to the woman's house to inform her of the wedding date. "Yili? Shi Hunli: "Please use the goose, the host says goodbye, and the guest tells the date as a gift. "Invitation ceremonies have always been like this, that is, the male family sent envoys to the female family to invite the date, give gifts, then give a speech to explain the wedding date set, the female father accepted it, and finally the envoys returned to me. In the Qing Dynasty, the date of invitation was often called a letter or telegram, that is, the date of ceremony, wedding date and other related matters were written down by the man's family in red paper, and sent to the woman's home by the matchmaker or himself to discuss the wedding matters with her family.

Kissing is also called welcome. The sixth of the six ceremonies. It is etiquette for the groom to marry the bride himself and go home. The Book of Songs? Daya？ Daming: "A great country has a son, a heavenly sister, and a female general, Quexiang, who knows Wei." The wedding began in the Zhou Dynasty, and the queen was also pro-Weishui when she got married. This ceremony is the beginning of the wedding. There are various forms of welcoming ceremony. In the Qing dynasty, the groom greeted him personally, wore red flowers, rode horses, or took a sedan chair to her husband's house, and the best man praised her parents and relatives. The Yue family wrote an essay with double flowers and red flowers, sailed for three weeks, and then returned first. The bride was wrapped in brocade by her brother and others and carried on the sedan chair. After getting off the bus, several relatives of the bride's family accompanied her and said "farewell", and the groom greeted her at home.

From the Zhou Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty, in the marriage according to the Six Rites, except for the invitation (engagement) ceremony, the other five rites required the man's envoy to hold the goose as a gift for the woman's family. Because geese are migratory birds, they migrate from the north to the south every once in a while with the change of climate, and their spouses are fixed. One dies, and the other no longer chooses a spouse. The ancients believed that the flying geese from south to north conformed to yin and yang, the fixed spouse conformed to benevolence, righteousness and propriety, and the marriage was based on geese, symbolizing the harmony between yin and yang of a man and a woman, and also symbolizing the loyalty and singleness of marriage. Later, because geese became more and more rare, people used woodcut geese instead. In modern times, three kinds of live birds, goose, duck and chicken, are used to replace the ceremony of giving geese to ensure the harmony of marriage. With the gift of goose, North Korea and other countries also use it.

Discussing marriage is also called discussing relatives. On the initial stage of marriage, that is, the three stages of accepting gifts, asking names and Najib in the six rites. The man sends someone to the woman's house to propose marriage, and then goes through the formalities of job exchange, auspiciousness, marriage, blind date, etc. until the engagement. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio? Frog God: "Although I forgot, I dare not discuss his surname."

Obtaining relatives with permission is the first of the six rituals. Yip Wong's Preface to Gui Zhexu in Yuan Dynasty? Answer "Song": "I'll ask Ken a hundred cups of tea, and then I'll ask him dozens of poems. "

Marriage is also called eight characters, and it was called Buji in ancient times. It is understood that marriage is one of the procedures in the name-asking ceremony. At the beginning of marriage negotiation, after writing the eight characters, review the names and birth dates of both men and women. Ancient people went their separate ways, asking ghosts and gods and suing temples. Modern teachers of Yin and Yang are invited to talk about whether the life of men and women is consistent. If they are consistent, they will get married. If we contain each other, marriage will fail. The birth dates of both parties will be returned.

Pressing Geng is also called pressing posts. It is one of the contents of the Six Rites Naji. After matching the eight-character posts of both parties, the man's family put the Geng post in the gift box, pressed the card and gave it to the woman's family. Also, put the other person's eight-character stickers under the memorial tablet of the family temple or ancestors or under the incense burner for giving the case, and invite people first ... >>

What should ancient men do when they are ten years old?

Crown gift is a national gift of China. Crown ceremony and ceremony originated from primitive society and have a history of thousands of years. The crown ceremony of the Han nationality is specific and full of Chinese flavor, which is the most representative in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. This is a rite of passage for the ancient Han people in China. Crown ceremony refers to young men and women who reach a certain age and are mature enough to get married, and then participate in various activities as adults of the clan. The rite of coming of age (also known as the rite of coming of age) is only recognized when clan elders hold certain ceremonies for young people according to tradition.

What rituals should ancient men perform at the age of twenty?

Crown gift is a national gift of China. This is a rite of passage for the ancient Han people in China. Crown ceremony refers to young men and women who reach a certain age and are mature enough to get married, and then participate in various activities as adults of the clan. The rite of coming of age (also known as the rite of coming of age) is only recognized when clan elders hold certain ceremonies for young people according to tradition.

According to the weekly system, men are crowned at the age of 20, but in order to take charge of state affairs as soon as possible, the Emperor of Heaven salutes earlier. Legend has it that Zhou Wenwang was crowned at the age of twelve and became king at the age of fifteen. The ancient coronation ceremony was held in the ancestral temple in February. Ten days before the coronation, the recipient should first indicate an auspicious day. If there is no auspicious day in ten days, the auspicious day in the next ten days will be chosen. Then inform relatives and friends of auspicious days.