Where is Jiamei Temple?

Gami Temple is a cultural tourist attraction.

Gummy Temple is a famous temple of Yongzhong Benjiao in the early stage of Songpan Grassland in Anduo, and it is also one of the earliest temples of Benjiao in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture.

Gummy Temple is called "Gengchadeqin Gami Forest" in Tibetan, which means "Gummy Temple where Buddhism and Buddhism meet". "Gami" is a place of peace and happiness in Chinese, and "Lin" refers to a temple. It is located at the foot of Xiaoxitiansheng Mountain, 30 kilometers north of Songpan County, that is, Tension Crystal Township. Xiaoxi Tiansheng Mountain is located in Gonggangling Mountain range at the source of Minjiang River, with an altitude of 4050 meters. It is famous for its unique scenery.

Under the painstaking efforts of the Karmi Temple in the past dynasties, the Karmi Temple has five warehouses, namely Bade Zhacang, Langyi Zhacang, Jiangcang Zhacang, Renpu Zhacang and Jiading Zhacang, with monks and nuns 1 person and hundreds of monks and nuns. There are two halls, hundreds of temples and several pagodas.

Jiamei Temple has a long history, grand halls and complete colleges. As the base camp of Yongzhong Benjiao Oriental Tibetan area, it is respected by believers and occupies an important position in the whole history of Benjiao development. The author visited Jiami Temple this summer and had a long talk with the director of Jiami Temple Management Committee. He made a detailed investigation on the founding history, organizational system, education system, general situation of the academy and temple cultural relics of Jiami Temple, and consulted relevant materials. Unfortunately, the Tibetan and Chinese historical materials about Gummy Temple are limited, so mistakes and worries are inevitable, which need further investigation and textual research in the future. Based on the existing data, this paper makes a brief textual research on Jiami Temple, and invites experts and scholars to correct it.

Create history:

Before this religion was introduced into Amdo Aba area, the local Tibetan people believed in primitive witchcraft. The history of the spread and prosperity of this religion in Aba area is long and complicated. Around the 2nd century AD, this religion was introduced into Kangqu and Jiarong areas along the Yarlung Zangbo River, and then into Amdo area from Qinghai and Gansu, and quickly took root all over the country. After centuries of operation, it has gradually become the base camp and revival base of this religion in eastern Tibet.

Gamma Temple was founded in 1355. Its founder is Ren Zhenjian Zan, a famous monk in Yunzang Qiongbo, and the ancestor of Gamma Tibetan-reincarnation system. The mother temple of Gami Temple is Yongzhonglin, a famous religious temple in Tibet.

According to the Tibetan classic "Xiadu Gaqia" (the holy mountain of Xiadu), "In A.D. 1355, Renqing Jianzan Lama passed by here and saw an open terrain, with the Minjiang River in the west and a gentle slope in the south, followed by rich pastures and Zhang Lashan. There are many amazing strange caves in the dense forest around the holy mountain, as well as many practice caves where many famous monks of our Sect used to live. Especially on the rocks up and down the Yongzhong slope in front of the Holy Mountain, there are naturally different sizes and shapes, such as the church emblem "_" (the symbol of Yongzhong) and the Tibetan letter "A". The master was amazed and said, "There is no place in the celestial world, and the great cause of' Three Treasures' will flourish here", so he gladly built a temple here and named it Jiami Temple.

Gami is Tibetan, "Gami" means joy, and "mi" means quiet place. Therefore, the place is known as the Little Western Heaven, so it is collectively called "Little Western Heaven Jiamei Temple".

Legend has it that in the process of building temples, many strange natural phenomena appeared, such as long days and short nights; Monks and laymen who build temples don't feel tired; There is often a beautiful music floating slowly; This is an auspicious day, and the bright rainbow is in the shape of "_", hanging on the hillside where the temple is built, which is quite interesting.

Locals call Xiaoxitian Holy Mountain "Yongzhong Benji Niriqin Xiong Bo Xia Dou". The word "bear" means the north, that is, the holy mountain is in the north of Songpan ancient city. "Summer bean" refers to the bird grave. Male summer beans mean the graveyard of northern birds. Since the Yuan Dynasty, when Paqinbo, the master of this religion, lit up the holy mountain, birds from all directions flew to Xiaoxitian Holy Mountain not far from Wan Li in the following year. It is also said that every time the axis of the reincarnation world turns to 12 Year of the Rooster, the mountain gods of the whole snow area, the 60-year-old god of our religion, the bird king of the world, and all the bodhisattvas and gods from all over the world gather here. In this year, worshipping the holy mountain will increase charity merits by 12 times and cleanse the sins made in this secular reincarnation.

For hundreds of years, Jiami Temple has witnessed the rise and fall of this religion through historical ups and downs. At the end of the eighth century, Benozana, a Buddhist master, came to Aba to preach, and this religious force began to be affected. The Sakya Sect was introduced into Aba in the middle of13rd century, and the Awakening Sect was introduced at the end of14th century. The successive introduction of various schools of Tibetan Buddhism had a great influence on this religion, especially the introduction of Gelug Sect in the 5th century A.D./KLOC and a series of measures to ban this religion promulgated by Emperor Qianlong, which dealt an unprecedented blow to this religion in Aba area, and Gummy Temple was once destroyed.

Although this religion has been hit hard in many ways, there are still quite a few believers and temples in many areas of Aba. Especially in Songpan, thirteen monasteries have been reopened since the reform and opening up.

In the 1940s, according to the wishes of religious people in Zhangzhan area of Songpan, five small temples, namely Linpo Temple, Shanba Temple, Langyi Temple, Bade Temple and Yuanba Temple, were brought together, and five temples were established at the foot of the holy mountain, some of which are today's main temples, namely Gummy Temple. All the important religious activities are held by five temples in Jiami Temple.

Under the negotiation of representatives of various monasteries and tribal leaders, the Gummy Temple, which was originally built between Yongzhongya and the main peak of the Holy Mountain, was moved to the "Debazhacang" above the temple site we see today. In the center of the square below, there are five temples * * * and some of them are Xitian Gama Temple. Other temples form a discipline college with their own characteristics, namely Langyi Zhacang (Duihe Temple), Jiangcang Zhacang (Shanba Temple), Renpu Zhacang (Linpo Temple) and Jiading Zhacang (Yuanba Temple). It is stipulated that from Renpu Zhacang, a ritual activity will be held in turn every year.

In 1950s, there were 1000 monks in Gummy Temple in Xiaoxitian, including -4 monks. As a large-scale, far-reaching temple with the largest number of monks in Songpan area, Xiaoxitian Gamma Temple is listed as one of the five largest temples in the county where the county people's government allows the preservation of Buddhist activities. After the 1960s, monasteries and halls were destroyed overnight, and all the gold and silver Buddha statues and precious classic cultural relics disappeared. In the late 1970s, Gummy Temple in Xiaoxitian was first opened by Songpan County People's Government, allowing legal activities. After the reopening of Jiamei Temple, a new temple was built, which was active with monks and nuns from Tension area. Later, with the donation of monks from all over the country, other warehouses were opened and repaired.

Although Gummy Temple is a famous religious temple in early Amdo Tibetan area, it has a long history and a high status. With a building area of more than 60,000 square meters, it consists of two prayer halls, a meditation room, a prayer corridor and more than 100 temples. Two of them have a building area of 889 square meters and are located in the center of the temple. The distance between them is about 30 meters. Qiantang, commonly known as "Auditorium", is the place where the five newly-built small temples in Tension area jointly hold the highest religious activities. Daxiong Hall is a three-story building with a gold-plated vase on the top floor and a landing on both sides of the second floor, which is different from other temples. The bodhisattva enshrined in the main hall is Barton Chilo, the ancestor of this religion, and there are also four oil paintings of this religion, namely Barton Chilo, Sazheye Wu Song, Lao Xia and Sambu Pengchi. Houdian, commonly known as "Houdian", is a little smaller, and it is generally the place where Debazhacang holds sacrificial activities.

Large and small halls are inlaid with golden ceilings, and the morning light is brilliant. The whole temple is magnificent and solemn. According to statistics, Gummy Temple has 92 buildings, 13 golden domes, 1200 clay sculptures, 37 bronze statues, 20 wood carvings, 75 thangkas, 5 pagodas, 30 butter lamps and 1530 hand-pushed prayer wheels. There are countless religious articles.