What should ancient men do when they are eighteen?

Crown gift is a gift of Han nationality. This is a rite of passage for the Han people. Adult ceremony originated from primitive society and has a history of thousands of years. The crown ceremony of the Han nationality has a strong Chinese flavor and is the most representative in the cultural circle of Chinese characters. Crown ceremony refers to young men and women who reach a certain age and are mature enough to get married, and then participate in various activities as adults of the clan. The rite of coming of age (also known as the rite of coming of age) is only recognized when clan elders hold certain ceremonies for young people according to tradition. The coming-of-age ceremony of the Chinese nation is a coronation ceremony for men and a gift for women. According to the book, it was carried out in the Zhou Dynasty. According to the weekly system, men are crowned at the age of 20, but in order to take charge of state affairs as soon as possible, the Emperor of Heaven salutes earlier. Legend has it that Zhou Wenwang was crowned at the age of twelve and became king at the age of fifteen. The ancient coronation ceremony was held in the ancestral temple in February. Ten days before the coronation, the recipient should first indicate an auspicious day. If there is no auspicious day in ten days, the auspicious day in the next ten days will be chosen. Then inform relatives and friends of auspicious days. Three days before the coronation ceremony, the distinguished guests who presided over the coronation ceremony were elected by oath, and a "crown praise" was elected to assist the coronation ceremony. When saluting, the host (usually the father of the recipient), distinguished guests and the recipient should wear formal clothes. First add a crown, then give it a leather coat, and finally give it a title. After each coronation ceremony, the distinguished guests will read a congratulatory message to the recipients. The main idea of the congratulatory message is: on this beautiful and auspicious day, I will put on adult clothes for you; Please give up children's ambitions and cultivate adults' sentiments; Maintain dignity and cultivate virtue; I wish you a long life, lucky strike. Then, the recipient visits his mother. Then the distinguished guest answered the phone for him. In the Zhou Dynasty, characters were usually called "Bomou Mansion" (Bo, Zhong, Shu and Ji, depending on the level). Then the host sent the distinguished guests to the temple gate to make a toast. At the same time, give him a bundle of silk skins (five silks and two deerskins) and then offer meat. Those who get the crown put on their hats and dresses to visit the monarch and hold a ceremony of reeds (pheasants, etc. ) visit the township doctor, etc. If the father has passed away, the recipient of the crown should make a sacrifice to his father to show that the coronation ceremony will be completed before his father. After the sacrifice, I visited my uncle and then had a meal. This ceremony of conferring a crown, choosing words and meeting a gentleman changed from time to time and from place to place in later generations. It is held among people aged fifteen to twenty, and it varies from place to place. After the mid-Qing dynasty, it was mostly held a few days before marriage or the day before. In some areas, since the Song Dynasty, the ceremony was simple, and guests were not entertained, but only in their own homes or within their own scope. "Erie. Shi Guanli "Jia Shu:" The princes are twelve and crowned. If the son of heaven is with the princes, he will be crowned at the age of twelve ... "Da Dai Li said," Wang Wensheng is in Boyi ",and Zuo Zhuan said," When you are crowned, you will have children and you will be honored. " "Erie. Housekeeping ceremony: "First add (crown) wishes:' Make the moon auspicious, then take Canadian dollars, abandon young words, and be virtuous. Life is just a test, and it is a blessing to introduce you. He also said: the order is obedient and respects the virtue of the monarch. Long live the eyebrows and bless you forever. Sanjia said, "By year, by month. "。 Xian Jia Er Fu. Only when brothers are present can we become virtuous, and the situation is boundless and celebrated by heaven. "Song Zhuxi Zhuzi Chinese Class" Volume 89: "The coronation ceremony is a family matter, how difficult is it? How difficult is it to put a scarf crown on a child after closing the door? "[Edit this paragraph] First, the date and time of the coronation ceremony.

The Book of Rites Quli says that "men can write at the age of twenty", and the ancestors adopted the age threshold of twenty for men and 16 for women. The coronation ceremony was basically held at this time; At the same time, considering the reality-because most senior high school students in China graduated at the age of 18, which is basically a dividing point in life, "18-year-old adult" not only conforms to the characteristics of the times and legal requirements, but also combines the laws of the physical development and growth of contemporary young people, so we suggest that the coronation ceremony be held around the birthday of 18. Of course, some young compatriots over the age of 18 can attend the coronation ceremony out of their love for national culture and desire to practice the coronation ceremony, although they have participated in the "adult ceremony" organized by the school. However, it should be before the age of 20, and it is not too late.

The date of the coronation ceremony was decided by the ancients through divination, that is, divination. This should be abandoned. We suggest that the selection of specific dates should follow the following principles:

1. When giving gifts alone, it should be on the birthday of an adult (both in the Gregorian calendar and the lunar calendar) or a day of great significance to him. Considering that adults are basically middle school students and have school arrangements, we suggest that the school can take a day off (or half a day) on the day of the ceremony, and the school should also take a day off to facilitate the children to hold the coronation ceremony at home. (I hope this can become a tradition)

2. When the coronation ceremony is held collectively, it should be held on a day with cultural connotation and commemorative significance. For example, National Day, Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Daughter's Day (especially suitable for girls to pay homage), the birthday of Huangdi, the birthday of Confucius, the anniversary of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War and so on. [Edit this paragraph] II. Location of the coronation ceremony

In ancient times, the coronation ceremony was held in the "home temple", and facilities needed to be built in the east of the main hall, which was called the "East Room". Considering the actual situation, we suggest that when raising gifts alone, it can be held at home and in the open area nearby. Group gifts can be held in school squares, school auditoriums, public cultural places (especially Confucius Temple) and other places. Especially when holding a gift alone, we should be flexible because of the constraints of real life conditions. If you have a separate yard, you can do it in the yard at home. If you live in a high-rise building, in the case of a large family area, you can specifically vacate the living room and make appropriate arrangements before holding it. Otherwise, if the living area is not large, it is best to hold it in relatively open places such as community squares and lawns. Of course, you can also temporarily borrow some halls of public cultural places. For its sanctity, it must be a relatively quiet occasion.

In ancient times, there was a so-called "order" in the coronation ceremony. There are ministers (also called deacons) lining up in turn, and guests need to walk down different "steps" to "add three points" to the coronation. Once a yogi painted houses and terraces on the ground of the courtyard. We don't think it is necessary to be too rigid. As long as you master the general orientation and pay attention to it, you can stand with the tray and the crown in turn. [Edit this paragraph] III. Participants in the ceremony

Referring to the requirements of ancient ceremonies and combining with the reality of the times, we suggest organizing the following people to attend the coronation ceremony (of course, it is not too rigid, but it can be considered according to the actual situation). This is a gift presented by a person alone. If it is a collective crown gift, the scale can be appropriately increased.

(1) The winner is 1 (that is, the adult who held the adult ceremony himself).

(2) There are two masters (according to the ancient clan system, they must be male clan elders such as Zongzi. On the one hand, the strict clan system has not been widely circulated today; In addition, the owner is limited to male blood, which has certain historical limitations. So it is more appropriate for the parents of the winner to be the host today. )

(3) Guest 1 person (that is, a respected person crowned champion)

For boys who are about to grow up, we must emphasize their social role as men, and guests must meet the requirements of high respect in order to be the life guide and social model of winners. His majestic grandfather, father and other male elders should be the most suitable candidates; There is a tradition of respecting teachers and attaching importance to teaching in Confucian culture, so it is also a good choice to ask respected teachers to undertake this responsibility. )

4 1 people like it (that is, the assistant who helps the guests to be crowned, and also helps the crowned guests to comb their hair and change clothes. And teachers, brothers and sisters, friends and other suitable candidates can choose).

⑤ 3 employees (that is, those who prepare crowns for the dental crown tray can choose suitable candidates such as friends, brothers and sisters).

⑥ Several guests (teachers, relatives and friends can be invited to watch the ceremony)