What's so particular about the seal of calligraphy?

As far as seals are concerned, they can be divided into text (Zhu Wen) and negative text (Bai Wen).

As far as the position of the seal on the screen is concerned, there are three kinds of seals: the first seal, the named seal and the corner seal. Where there are two or more seals, the upper seal is slightly larger and the lower seal is slightly smaller. The upper part is printed in the yang, and the lower part is printed in the yin.

1, name stamp. You usually need to use both sides together. Engrave names and numbers at the same time; Or a surname and a name. Carve Zhu Wen and Bai Wen at the same time. When used, Zhu Wen is light red and used on it; Bai Wen is red and heavy. Put it down. The size of the seal is about the same as or slightly smaller than the inscription.

The position of the seal, if there is more space under the signature, can be covered under it, if there is less space under the signature, it can be covered around the handwriting. The distance between two seals is approximately equal to the position of one or two seals, and it is not allowed to be too open or too crowded.

2. Corner pressing seal, also known as corner painting seal. Can be used in the lower left corner or the lower right corner of the picture according to the needs of the picture. Corner seal is larger than name seal, mostly square or rectangular, no matter how Zhu. The content can be aphorisms, collectively referred to as leisure chapters, such as "learning from nature", "enjoying the scenery" and "beautiful mountains and rivers" You can also call it Zhai Zhang Guan by the name of Zhai Guan, such as Zhen Shang Zhai by Wen Zhiming and Dida Caotang by Shi Tao.

3. introduction Most of them are rectangular, and some are oval or irregular. According to the needs of the picture, it is used to the right of the first two or three words of the title, so it is called an introduction. The content is similar to the corner seal.

Extended data:

Seals on paintings and calligraphy are mainly divided into three categories:

1. The seal of the author himself.

Second, the signer's seal.

Third, the seals of collectors and connoisseurs.

In these seals, they are divided into three aspects:

1. Name, font size, restaurant and hall number.

Second, the essay, Kyrgyz, aphorism seal.

Third, collect and appreciate seals. ?

Name and font seal: generally stamped under or around the author's name. Zhai Guan and Tang Hao usually affix their seals around or below the words, which are also used to say hello, and cover them in the upper right corner. The seals of articles, auspicious words and aphorisms are generally covered in the lower left corner of calligraphy and painting as chess pieces and greetings.

Collecting and appreciating stamps are generally covered on the left and right corners of calligraphy and painting, or they do not hinder the blank space of calligraphy and painting works themselves, and can also be covered on mounting other than calligraphy and painting. The most conspicuous position of calligraphy and painting also has a cover to show authority, such as Qianlong and Jiaqing Emperor. ?

Paintings or essays are extremely rich in content and are an indispensable part of Chinese painting. The perfect combination of poetry, books and paintings is called "three musts". The ancients said that "Kung Fu is beyond poetry", which sometimes plays an important role in the taste of painting. Good poetry is of great significance to enrich the picture, deepen the author's emotion and increase the expressive force of the picture.

The quality of poetry can be said to be the concrete embodiment of the author's cultural accomplishment and an important part of Chinese painting.

The inscription on the painting is realized by calligraphy. Bad calligraphy will ruin the picture. Chinese painting stresses "the same origin of painting and calligraphy", on the one hand, it is the mutual penetration of techniques, on the other hand, it is manifested in the inscription and postscript, which requires the style, style and painting style to be coordinated and the brushwork to be unified. Generally speaking, seal script, official script and regular script should be used for meticulous brushwork, and cursive script, official script and running script should be used for freehand brushwork.

Whether it is meticulous or freehand brushwork, under normal circumstances, all inscriptions are written in thick ink. The arrangement of characters should be coordinated with the picture.

If the seal is exactly the same as the seal on the work we now designate as the original, it may be the original. Of course, this is not the only standard, but only one aspect of identification. Especially since the late Qing Dynasty, the western photographic plate-making technique was introduced into China, which made the copied and pirated seals almost identical to the original seals, making it impossible to identify paintings and calligraphy only by seals.

If the seal on a work in or before the middle of the Qing Dynasty is exactly the same as that on the original, and there is no doubt in other aspects, it can basically be regarded as the original. Because generally speaking, copying, copying and artificial imitation will always be different from the original seal, and it is extremely difficult to copy a seal exactly like the original seal.

If it is a painting and calligraphy work after the late Qing Dynasty, we should identify it more carefully from many aspects.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Chinese painting techniques

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-seal material