What customs should be paid attention to in Chaozhou?

The taboos of Chaoshan folk include industry taboos, human taboos, marriage taboos, birth taboos, funeral taboos, verbal taboos and natural taboos. Here, I will talk about industry taboos and human taboos.

First, the industry taboo

Chaoshan is located in Hanjiang Delta, with fertile farmland and important agricultural production. In the past, people depended on the weather to eat, paid great attention to adapting to the farming season, and always pinned their hopes for a bumper harvest on the gods. So when offering sacrifices to the land, you must be respectful and don't talk nonsense.

On New Year's Day, most Chaoshan people have the custom of taboo productive labor. One is that people are busy with entertainment, communication and sacrifice; Second, working in the fields during the Chinese New Year shows that this person is a hard-working person all the year round.

For some newly grown flowers and fruits, people care carefully and form taboos. Such as lotus, lotus root planted, can not be disturbed. When the lotus is about to bloom, not only can you not touch it, but even your fingers are not allowed, because it will wither the lotus. If the lotus is planted in the yard at home, there are many taboos, and you can't hang clothes on the lotus jar; Be sure to use clean water when watering; Fertilize the lotus root, you can't drown it with manure. You must use bean dregs and bean cakes as paws of pig's trotters, wrap them in paper and bury them in the lotus root tank.

In the harvest season, it is forbidden to say unlucky things. According to folklore, a farmer went to the field during the sowing season and saw others prostrate themselves respectfully to the land god, but he smiled and said, "I can still get high yield without prostrating myself." The land god is angry. Soon, all his seedlings were yellow, and it was almost impossible to harvest any grain. The farmer knelt down in tears and confessed to the land god. That night, I dreamed that the land god said to him, "I wanted to punish your disrespect, but I think you have repented, so I forgive you." If you take good care of a seedling in the field, it will bring you ten tons of grain. The farmer was very suspicious. When he walked to the head of the field, he found a seedling was very green, so he took care of it carefully. It was not until the heading stage that this seedling produced a millet. Millet grows bigger and bigger, as big as an olive. When people are happy to harvest, the farmer looks at the millet and is speechless. Although this millet looks strange, it can't support ten loads of millet. When I was worried, it was already evening. I dreamed that the land god had a dream: "Tomorrow, you pick this millet and take it to the city. The boss of Mihang in the city is heartless and addicted to gambling. You can bet him ten loads of millet with this millet. "According to the plan, the farmers really harvested ten loads of millet. The peasants were overjoyed and quickly prepared five sacrifices to worship the land.

Raising pigs is a very common sideline for farmers, and it is also a "financial road" for farmers. So there are many taboo customs about raising pigs.

We should be very careful when building pigsty. We should not only look at "Feng Shui" and "Foundation", but also break the ground at the right time. After completion, put a note with the words "Six Livestock Flourish" in the pen, and let God bless the pig "one thousand catties at night and eight hundred catties at day".

Avoid buying too big pigs. Such a pig will not grow fast. Avoid buying "decapitated pigs" (a black pig head with a pinch of white hair or a white pig head with a pinch of black hair) and "filial pigs" (a black pig head with white hair or a white tail). Such a pig will not live long; Pigs with the word "spin" on their heads, too long and sharp mouths and too thin ears should not be bought; You can't buy a pig with all hair or five claws, because losing hair means bad luck. It is said that five claws were changed by clever officials and bodhisattvas, so people dare not raise them. If you accidentally buy this pig, you must set it free. When pigs buy home, they should cut off their bristles and pour rice swill on their heads. In this way, it means that pigs are raised by themselves.

Chaoshan is close to the sea and rivers crisscross, so there are many taboos in fishery and shipping. In terms of language, the words "turn", "sink" and "fall" are the most taboo on board. If you are drying clothes on the boat, don't turn it out; After eating, the spoon should be inserted directly into the pot and cannot be put down; When eating fish, you can't turn it over directly after eating. When you have to turn it over, you should turn the edge over and say "come here".

Ships should avoid fish and snakes when sailing. When a snake crosses the road, the boatman must speed up the boat and arrive before the snake crosses the bow. It is said that the ship is a dragon, and it is unlucky for the dragon to lose its snake; When the boat was running, some fish jumped on the boat, didn't eat it, put it back into the water, and caught two handfuls of rice and threw it into the water. It is said that these fish are relatives of the dragon king and jumped on the boat to feed. He also said that these fish were made by water ghosts, and they jumped on the boat to test people's hearts. If they covet small profits, they will be rewarded.

Passengers on board also have taboos. If there is a bride on board, the bride should take an umbrella with a bunch of pork hanging from its handle. When the boat comes ashore, if the other bride wants to take a boat, then the two brides can't leave without saying hello. They should each take out a handkerchief from themselves and give it to the bridesmaids for exchange. If there is no bridesmaid, the two brides will exchange their hands to congratulate each other.

Another joy of the boatman is that the pregnant woman on the boat suddenly gave birth. "Fate" means that the boatman will have business and make a fortune soon. If this happens, the boatman will happily cook sugar noodles and eggs, and cook rich dishes to entertain the parturient. What the boatman hates most is the dead on board. If someone dies on the boat, in addition to pushing the body into the water immediately, you have to kill the dog quickly, spill the dog's blood all over the boat, and then rinse it with water.

Second, human taboos

Hair taboo: in Chaoshan people's homes, if parents die, male family members are generally not allowed to have their hair cut or shaved for one month or one hundred days. Because hair needs to be received by parents and cannot be abandoned when ancestors die. He also said that this is a manifestation of thinking of relatives and feeling sad. On weekdays, you can't get a haircut on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, otherwise it will hinder the elders at home. I have white hair on my head and I can't pull it out. Eyebrows are also highly valued by people. Generally, men are coarse and women are fine and light. If women have thick eyebrows like men, they are regarded as a symbol of fierceness and fierceness. If you have a few extremely long eyebrows, commonly known as "longevity eyebrows", this person will live a long life. Don't pull out these eyebrows, or you will lose your life.

Taboo on the head and face: The head is the noblest part of the human body and cannot be easily desecrated. Once a child makes a mistake, there is no way to start. It is believed that children will be demented at first. Don't hit the child on the head with a scale, or you will make a mistake in the future. There are also many taboos on the face: long moles, high cheekbones in women, and asymmetry between forehead and chin.

Eye and nose taboo: "The left eye jumps for wealth, and the right eye jumps for disaster." If the left eye is constantly beating, it represents wealth and happiness; If the right eye keeps beating, it may be a little trouble. People in Chaoshan usually think that someone is chanting or cursing themselves behind their backs when sneezing. This custom has a long history. Book of Songs. Peak. At the end of the film, it said, "I can't sleep if I talk about it, but I'm embarrassed if I want to talk about it." Zhu informed, "If you are willing, you will think about it. So is Juejue. " "Shi Mao Jian" mentioned: "Today, the people said that they should be kind to me. This ancient legacy is also. "

Taboo: As the Chaoshan saying goes, "Men eat square mouths and women eat vegetable chaff mouths." It means that a man's big mouth is a blessing, but a woman's big mouth is not. According to folklore, when a child loses his teeth, the upper teeth should be thrown under the bed and the lower teeth should be thrown on the bedside or roof, so that the teeth can grow rapidly. When you throw your teeth, you should throw them where no one is around. Be careful not to be trampled, or you will be in trouble. When a child grows a new tooth, he can't lick the root with his tongue, otherwise the new tooth will be crooked.