Yuefu Poetry, Ancient Poetry and Chu Ci

Evil! I want to know you, and I will live long. There is no mausoleum in the mountains, the river is exhausted, the winter thunder earthquake, the summer rain and snow, and the sky.

If the ground is close to the ground, I dare to be absolutely with you!

Note 1. Evil: Jude said "Oh, my God". Up, pointing to the sky. Evil, sound and meaning are the same as "yeah" 2 know each other: love each other. 3 life: ancient times are connected with the word "order", making. These two sentences mean that I am willing to fall in love with you and make our love last forever. ④ Mausoleum: Datushan. ⑤ Earthquake: Thunder. 6 rain and snow: snowfall. Rain, reverberation, verb. ⑦ Heaven and Earth are United: Heaven and Earth are United into one. 8 Dare: Dare. The word "dare" is a euphemism.

This is a love song in rap written by Han Yuefu. The whole poem takes the first person's voice as an oath, expressing a woman's passionate pursuit and persistence in love.

Appreciation is contrary to the shyness that literati poems like to describe girls' first love. In folk songs, the most common way is to express girls' reckless pursuit of happy love in the tone of self-declaration. This poem belongs to the "ode" in the folk songs of Han Yuefu.

1, lyrical and sincere, with works that tell the truth.

2. Because the author thinks that these natural phenomena are impossible to appear, taking them as the premise of "parting from your husband" shows her loyalty to love.

3. This poem adopts the style of miscellaneous words, ranging from two characters to six characters, and it is lively and unrestrained. The language is simple and colloquial.

4. Writing characteristics

This poem is rich in imagination and unique in conception.

The first three sentences swear by heaven, with a straight pen. The last six sentences were written with a bent pen.

The author has successively assumed five impossible natural phenomena, which is the premise of "breaking away from the monarch". For this reason, the actual meaning contained in the last sentence is just the opposite of the literal meaning, which strongly embodies the hero's desire to "know the monarch and live a long life" and expresses the heroine's strong character of persistence, firmness and perseverance.

Moshangsang

Southeast corner of sunrise, shine on me, Qin Lou. Qin has a good daughter who calls herself Luo Fu.

Luo Fu likes raising silkworms and picking mulberry in the south corner of the city. Moss is a cage system and cassia twig is a cage hook.

There is a bun on the head and a bright moon in the ear. Xiang Qi is the lower skirt, and Zi Qi is the upper skirt.

When Monkey saw Luo Fu, he straightened his shoulders and smoothed his moustache. When the teenager saw Luo Fu, he took off his hat and put on a towel.

The tiller forgets to plow, and the hoe forgets to hoe. In spite of resentment, he sat watching Luo Fu.

You come from the south, and five horses stand upright. Your majesty sent officials to ask whose family it was.

"Qin has a good daughter who calls herself Luo Fu." "What is the date of Luo Fu?" "Twenty is not enough,

There are more than fifteen. "Your majesty thanked Luo Fu:" Would you rather recite it? "

Luo Fu preface: "You are such a fool! You have a wife, and Luo Fu has a husband. "

"One thousand people ride the east, and the husband is at the top. What's the use of knowing your husband?

A pony's white horse; Hair tied with ponytail, horsehead covered with gold; Deer sword, a deer in the waist, can be worth more than 10 million.

Miniature biographies of fifteen families, doctors in the twentieth dynasty, middle-level officials in their thirties, and urban residents in their forties.

He is white and has a beard on his temples. Ministry of Industry and Service of Ying Ying, Ran Ran and Zhong Chao.

There are thousands of people sitting in the room, all of whom say that their husbands are extraordinary.

This poem is a famous one in Han Yuefu, belonging to "Harmony Song". It is about the mulberry girl Qin Luofu who refuses to be molested by officials like "envoys", that is, satrap, and praises her beauty and faithfulness. It was first recorded in the Book of Songs in the Song Dynasty, and it was named "A Trip to Luo Fu, Yan Ge", and it was named "Sunrise in the Southeast Corner" in "A New Ode to Yutai". However, this poem was mentioned earlier in Cui Bao's Notes on Ancient and Modern Times and was called "Shang Mo Sang". Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems in Song Dynasty followed the title of Notes of Ancient and Modern Times and became a habit in the future. "Shang Mo Mulberry" means mulberry trees on the roadside, where the story takes place. Because the heroine picked mulberry by the roadside, it triggered a series of dramatic plots.

The story of Shang Mo Sang is very simple, and the language is quite simple, but there is a key question that is not easy to explain: What is the identity of Qin Luofu in the poem? According to the opening account of the poem, she is a mulberry picker, but her clothes are extremely luxurious; According to the last paragraph of Luo Fu's self-report, she is a prefect, but how could this lady run to the roadside to pick mulberry? Mr. Xiao Difei's History of Yuefu Literature in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties looks like this: "The last paragraph is that Luo Fu answered like a sea? Mirage, don't wait and see! Luo Fu, who is less than twenty, went to find her husband at forty, and there is nothing to know. The author's original intention is only to make Luo Fu happy, but the result will naturally disappoint you. There is no need to refuse. " Later, it was further claimed that Luo Fu was a working woman, and the description of her clothes in the poem was purely exaggerated; The last paragraph is Luo Fu's trick, in order to scare off the other side. This has become a consensus. But these are all wishful thinking, and poetry itself does not provide such a foundation. Even today, it is not surprising that a woman under the age of 20 marries a husband of 40. Why "nothing"? Besides, literature is a product of fiction, so why "mud killing"? about

The following extension seems seamless, but it is still full of contradictions: since the author can describe Luo Fu's clothes exaggeratedly without thinking that it destroys her identity, why can't she be given a formal husband? This is to measure the same situation by different standards, as Qu Cheng also said. In fact, Shang Mo Sang is not an isolated work. The above problems should be explained from the far-reaching cultural background that produced this work.

Let me start with the story location set by the poem "Shang Mo Sang". In ancient China, farming by men and weaving by women was a division of labor. In a broad sense, "female weaving" also includes picking mulberry and raising silkworms. Mulberry trees are relatively free in the wild, and the mulberry leaves are lush and easy to hide, so it is an excellent rendezvous place in an era when the defense between men and women is not very strict. Who knows how many romantic stories have happened here? Naturally, mulberry trees appear constantly in love poems. This is very common in stone art. "Fen Ju Xun" is about a woman who fell in love with a man while picking mulberry: "Conversely, Fen Zi picks other mulberry. His son is as beautiful as the English. As beautiful as English, extraordinary! " Sang Zhong is about a tryst between men and women: "Who is thinking in the clouds? Beautiful Jiang Meng! I want to be in the mulberry, I want to be in the official position, I want to be on the ice! " It can be said that in the era of "poetry", the mulberry forest has already had a special symbolic significance, or it has already had a literary "mulberry forest". With the changes of the times, this kind of free love between men and women has been denied. The above poems are also interpreted by Confucian classics as works mocking "lewd running". Thus, in the "mulberry forest" of literature, completely different stories began to emerge. The most famous story is the story of Qiu Hu's wife. Liu Xiang's Biography of Women in the Western Han Dynasty records that the Lu people got married for five days, left home to be an official, got promoted and made a fortune, and returned five years later. When I got home, I saw a beautiful girl picking mulberry on the roadside, so I got off the bus and flirted with her, saying that "it is better to pick mulberry than to see the secretary of the state" (it is better to pick mulberry and raise silkworms than to see a big official), but the mulberry girl flatly refused. When I got home, I met my wife and found that it was a mulberry picker. His wife despised her husband and threw herself into the river. In Yuefu, there is a topic called "Autumn Huxing", which was written by later generations because of this legend. The ancient ci has been lost, and now there is a draft of Xuanzhuan in the Western Jin Dynasty, the content of which is roughly the same as that contained in Lienv Zhuan. It can be seen that most of the stories in Sanglin used to be seduced by men and women on blind dates, but now they have become women who refuse to be seduced. Of course, people can also say that Hu Qiu is a "bad guy". This story is different from pure love sung in The Book of Songs. But don't forget: in folklore literary stories, it's easy to pretend to be a villain. The key lies in what kind of life attitude and aesthetic ideal the author wants to show through fictional character activities. In this way, we can draw a conclusion that the "mulberry forest" in the Han Dynasty is different from the "mulberry forest" in the era of the Book of Songs, and the moral theme in literature has begun to overwhelm the love theme. We can probably believe that there is not much difference between the stories contained in the lost "Autumn Ancient Tale" and "Biography of Women". Obviously, Sang evolved directly from the story or Qiu. Look at the basic structure of the two stories: location: mulberry trees on the roadside; The protagonist: the beauty of picking mulberry; Main plot: passing by

The official molested the mulberry girl and was rejected. The difference is that in Hu Qiu's story, the molester is the husband of a mulberry picking woman, and the story ends in tragedy; In Shang Mo Sang, the mulberry-picking woman also has a good husband who is an official. She rejected the "special envoy" proposal and overwhelmed the other side with her husband. The story ends with a comedy. In fact, Sang in The Stranger divides Hu Qiu in Autumn in Hu Xing into two parts: one is an evil satrap passing by, and the other is a good husband to boast about. However, although Sang inherited the story of autumn to a great extent, he also made important changes, thus shifting the focus of the poem. The story of Hu Qiu's Wife Play aims at promoting Confucian morality, and adopts the image of Mulberry's daughter as Hu Qiu's wife, which is also a moral image. Even if she is moving, I'm afraid it's hard to say how cute she is. The story also mentions that she is beautiful, but as a structure, this is only the cause of Hu Qiu's bad intentions. In Shang Mo Sang, Qin Luofu not only refused to flirt too much, but also spent a lot of time describing her beauty and the love scenes of people around her. This part is actually the most wonderful part of the whole poem. Although this is different from the love between men and women in the Book of Songs, they have the same basic points: universal love for beauty and yearning for the ideal opposite sex. Therefore, Luo Fu's image is a combination of beauty and emotion, which is a virtue factor required by his contemporaries; In other words, it is a combination of the spirit of "Sanglin" in The Book of Songs and that of "Sanglin" in Autumn. It is precisely because Luo Fu is not only, or even mainly, a moral image that the author doesn't need to arrange a strong tragic ending for her to make her more lovely in a relaxed comedy atmosphere. Therefore, Sang's story is not a record or rewriting of a specific event in life, but a product of a long cultural change, and the character Luo Fu is a combination of many factors. She is young, beautiful, noble, rich, happy, loyal and pure, and reposes the life ideals of those unknown folk authors. Because she is an idealist, she does not strictly follow the logic of real life. She is both a lady and a mulberry picker. In fact, this is not a difficult thing to understand. People in folk stories often have this situation. Those princesses and princes actually represent the wishes of ordinary people. We must pierce the sideline with the inexplicable and rigid political concepts of later generations. On the contrary, it is barren and chaotic. Then go back to the poem itself. This poem was originally divided into three interpretations according to music, and its text content was also divided into three paragraphs accordingly. The first paragraph focuses on Luo Fu's beauty and people's love for her. The first four sentences, from big to small, from virtual to real, are typical folk story opening remarks. At the same time, these four sentences also set the atmosphere of the whole poem: the bright sunshine shines on the beautiful pavilion, and a beautiful woman lives in the pavilion, which is colorful and radiant, like the taste of New Year pictures. "Take a look at my Qin Lou" is not only a cordial tone, but also shows that the poet is speaking from the standpoint of Luo Fu, thus introducing readers into this relationship. Then Luo Fu officially appeared: she was carrying a beautiful mulberry basket, the winding rope was made of green silk, and the handle was made of branches. The exquisite and gorgeous objects here are to set off the nobility and beauty of the characters. Look at her dress, her head is wearing a "Japanese bun" (a popular hairstyle in the Eastern Han Dynasty) that seems to lean to one side, and her ears are shining and valuable.

Zhu Mingyue is wearing a purple silk jacket and apricot skirt. Everything is bright, bright, precious and touching. This looks like a peasant woman picking mulberry, but it is actually an ideal beauty.

Supposedly, we should write about the beauty of Luo Fu's figure and face. But it's hard. Because what the poet wants to express is the absolute and highest beauty, which cannot be described in detail. Who can tell what kind of figure, posture, eyebrows, lips and teeth are perfect? It is impossible for the author to meet the aesthetic requirements of all readers. Therefore, the writer did not directly write about Luo Fu himself, but used the way that people around him were attracted by Luo Fu: passers-by put down their burdens and stood and stared. He seems to be older and calmer, so he just stroked his beard to show his admiration. The boys just lead the horses, some take off their hats and arrange their headscarves, as if they were showing off and teasing; At least those who earn beauty will be proud of a group of people for a long time. Farmers who farm land are even worse. They lost their minds and quit their jobs. When I got home, I deliberately found fault and smashed pots and pans. -because I saw Luo Fu, I thought my wife was ugly. These are humorous exaggerations that make people laugh, as if they are not sure what they will look like on that occasion. Its functions are as follows: first, it adds drama to poetry and enlivens the scene and atmosphere; More importantly, by writing from a virtual place, it expresses indescribable perfection out of nothing. You can imagine whatever you like anyway. Louvre is always the most beautiful place in the world. This is really a great pen. A passage about Luo Fu is also the true face of the recent "Sanglin" literature. What it shows is the attraction between the opposite sex and the humanity of loving beauty. But it is different from the works in The Book of Songs, but it is measured and limited. Those audiences just craned their necks to see Luo Fu from a distance, but they were afraid to approach and talk, let alone go beyond the rules; And Luo Fu seems to have nothing to do with them, and no one is watching. This forms an invisible wall between men and women. This is "the expression stops at the ceremony." At the same time, there is a kind of proper limit: although there are so many people watching, those boys are almost breaking through the defense line, and the author has not asked Luo Fu to give them a righteous reprimand. Otherwise, it would be disappointing and tasteless. Because this poem has a double theme, the author should pay attention to it. Of course, the whole first paragraph is to complete the theme of beauty and emotion, just to limit it and not let it destroy the theme of morality. The second paragraph below, it's turning. "The monarch comes from the south, and five horses stand." What a magnificent style! "emissary" is the honorific title of officials such as satrap and secretariat. They are in charge of a region, and the Han people are on a par with the ancient princes. If you do a big job, you will have great demeanor and great courage. When others see Luo Fu, they just look at him from a distance, but this special envoy is not satisfied with this. So he sent his hand down and asked, Whose beauty is this? How old are you? Father Luo quietly answered them one by one. This is all in order to fully develop the plot and let the spear conflict have a brewing process. If you start with nervousness, literary interest will be less. By the way, write down Luo Fu's age: between fifteen and twenty. The ancients in China thought it was the best time in a woman's life. Then enter the climax of contradictions and conflicts. Your angel asked, "Would you like to go back with me in my car?" Father Luo's answer was like a blow to the head: "You are such a fool!" " Use the word "what" with a strong tone. The reason is simple: you have your wife and I have my husband. Everyone should have his own family, which is an important principle of moral code. How can we go beyond it? This passage inherits the story of Hu Qiu's wife and shows the moral theme of the poem. The moral theme can only be vividly displayed in the conflict between good and evil. In the third paragraph, the last sentence "Luo Fu has her own husband" is fully boasted by the protagonist. Does Luo Fu have such a husband? The problem was simple: if the poem says yes, we have to admit it. Although in the psychology of ordinary readers, I don't like the beauty in literary works to get married early, so it's nothing. This problem can be proved from two aspects: first, the story of Mulberry on the Stranger comes from the story of Hu Qiu's wife, and Hu Qiu's wife is a married beauty; Secondly, what the author preaches here is the moral concept of loyalty to the monarch, and only a husband can be loyal to the monarch. But the third paragraph is not entirely from the moral theme. Otherwise, you can ask Luo Fu to give you a lecture. But if so, it would be a pity. This beauty will soon become dry and unlovable.

Therefore, the author is enough. In the second paragraph, after pointing out moral justice with two concluding sentences, in the third paragraph, it turns into a humorous plot, so that readers can still enjoy the interest of literature. Luo Fu's boasting is completely targeted. It's natural for you to patrol, so she praised her husband first: he rides.

The horse went out, followed by thousands of family members and officers; He is riding a big white horse, and everyone is riding a black pony, which is even more outstanding. His sword and his horse are all luxuriously decorated. As soon as the monarch made great achievements, he praised her husband's power: his career was prosperous,/kloc-became a small official at the age of 0/5, a doctor at the age of 20, and a personal attendant of the son of heaven at the age of 30. Now at the age of 40, he has achieved the satrap of the authoritarian side. The implication is that although he and your monarch are currently in the same position, their future prospects are hard to compare! Finally, I praised my husband.

Appearance and style: My husband's skin is fair, his beard is sparse, and he walks with great dignity, which is used to foil the monarch's family spirit. In this way, the more Luo Fu talked, the more angry he became, the more proud he became, which made the king more and more unlucky, and he was bound to escape in the end. Reading is naturally enjoyable until the end of the story. It should be noted that Luo Fu's husband is also a prince charming in fairy tales, so don't look up the logic of life. Mr. Xiao Di said that this passage really shouldn't be killed by mud, and it is impossible to claim its authenticity. However, this character makes sense in the story, which should be noted. As mentioned earlier, Shang Mo Sang actually has a dual theme, but the author handled it well and did not separate it.

. From the moral theme, at least within the scope of this poem, the morality demanded by the author is reasonable. Here, loyalty is not an abstract anti-human teaching model, but is associated with a truly lovely husband and a happy family life. From the theme of good feelings, it has not been excessively weakened because of the existence of moral constraints. The beauty of Luo Fu, embodied in the author's wonderful pen, has made unprecedented achievements in previous literary works. For ordinary people's slightly rude behavior out of love for beauty, the author just slapped a small face and never lost the human touch. It is human nature to love beauty. But this nature can't be restrained in life, so literary works often provide safe and harmless compensation in this respect. I'm afraid Shang Mo Sang's significance in this respect is more important than its moral significance, or at least more popular. Therefore, after Shang Mosang appeared, there were a lot of imitations in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and poetry also developed and changed on this basis. As for its unique expression, people continued to follow suit until the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. For example, when Yingying appeared in Xilu, she first wrote about the way people around her were driven out of their wits, and that's how she came from.

Classical poetry

Vacation in the mountains reminds me of my brother in Shandong, Wang Wei.

I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.

Comment: Writing poems, wandering people miss their relatives. As soon as the poet started, he eagerly went straight to the subject and wrote about the loneliness and sadness of life in a foreign land. Therefore, he always misses his hometown and people, and when he meets a festive occasion, he misses him doubly. Then the poem jumps to writing a brother who is far away from home. When they climbed the mountain according to the custom of Chongyang, they also missed themselves. Poetry jumps repeatedly, implicative and deep, simple and natural, tortuous and changeable. For thousands of years, "I miss my family twice during the festive season" has become a famous saying of homesickness for wanderers, which has touched the hearts of many wanderers.

Break up with Wang Xinjian Changling at Furong Inn.

Misty rain enveloped Wu's day overnight; Send you in the morning, lonely and sad in Chushan! Friends, if my friends in Luoyang invite me; Just say I'm still Bing Xin Okho, and stick to my faith!

Comment: This is a farewell poem. The conception of the poem is novel, which describes the parting feelings of friends and rewrites its own integrity. The first two sentences, the boundless river rain and the solitary hanging Chushan, set off the loneliness when bidding farewell; The last two sentences compare themselves to curling to express their open mind and strong character. The whole poem is full of emotion, scene blending, meaningful meaning and endless charm.

The Songs of Chu

National martyr

Fuck, Angkor was caught by rhinoceros armour (1), the car was wrong, and there were not enough people (2).

Covering the sky and the sun, the enemy is like a cloud (3), the arrows are like rain, and the soldiers are in chaos (4).

Yu Ling array is full of lines (5), while the left array is full of wounds (6).

Tan two rounds, four horses (7), help jade drum (8).

As soon as the weather fell, he became furious (9) and abandoned vilen (10).

I can't get out, I can't go back (1 1), and the plain is suddenly too far away (12).

With a long sword and A Qin bow (13), if I leave my heart (14), I won't punish my head.

Sincerity is fearless (15), but ultimately strong and unyielding (16).

When the body is dead, the spirit is the spirit (17) and the soul is the ghost (18)!

Note (1) operation; Take it. Angkor; A particularly sharp dagger made by the State of Wu during the Warring States Period. Yes: pass "wear". Armor made of rhinoceros skin. (2) the wrong hub; Refers to the fierce fighting between the two countries and the staggered rate of soldiers. The hub is where the center of the wheel is inserted into the shaft. A short soldier; A short weapon with a sword. (3) Covering the sun and hiding the enemy like a cloud; The flag covered the sun and the enemy soldiers gathered together like clouds. Beijing: A flag decorated with feathers. (4) When people fall, stones fight for the first place; In other words, the two sides fought fiercely, the arrows staggered, and they fell in succession, but the soldiers fought bravely to kill the enemy. Arrow: Arrow. (5) Ling: Infringement. Raft (cabin train): trample. Line: ranks. (6) Tank: The ancient chariot was drawn by four horses, two of which were named Fu, and the other one was called hydrazine. Righteousness: Die on the ground. Right: refers to the right. Knife wound; Wounded by a weapon. (7) Two Wheels of Haze and Four Horses: It means that two wheels of (chariot) are buried in the soil, and the reins on the horse's head will not be untied, so we must fight the enemy to the end. Haze (buried). By burying. (straight); Trip. (8) aid jade robe (fú) drumming: the coach drummed to boost morale. Aid: here. Robe; The drums faded. (9) timing: providence. Falling: Yi Tong (right), yuck. Ling Wei was furious: The man of God was furious. (10) Strict killing: fierce fighting, painful killing. Abandon vilen; Bones on the battlefield. (1 1) If you can't get in, you won't go back; It means that soldiers are determined to die without hesitation. (12) Suddenly: Yuan Ye is boundless. Chao: Tongtiao. (13) handling (shoes); Take it, take it. Qin Bow: A bow made in Qin during the Warring States Period (famous for its long range). (14) separation of head and body: separation of head and body means death. Punishment: fear, regret. (15) Cheng: It really is true. (16) End: All the time. (17) Spirit of God: It means that the spirit will last forever. (18) Soul Yi is a ghost hero: one is "Zi Soul is a ghost hero", and Zi: refers to a martyr. Ghost hero: the hero in the ghost.

Dong Huang tai yi

When the zodiac is auspicious, Mu will go to see the emperor happily.

Caressing the sword like jade is beautiful.

Yao Xi Yu Tang, the only thing that can kill Xi Fang Qiong.

Yao Hui steamed Xi Lan chicken, steamed bun wine Xi pepper paste.

Playing drums and relaxing festivals, Hao advocated.

Ling Yan Xi Meifu, Fang Feifei Xi full house.

The dispute of five tones is complicated, and you are happy in Lekang.

As the first poem of Nine Songs, Dong Huang Tai Yi has a special position and significance in the whole poem. Although since Wang Yi in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there has been no disagreement among note writers on the view that Emperor Dong Taiyi is a god, but there are different opinions on what kind of god it is. "Selected Works" Tang Zhu Yun: "Taiyi, the star name, the god, the temple is in the east of Chu, to match the East Emperor, so the cloud is the East Emperor." Think that the East Emperor Taiyi is the East Emperor; Hong Xingzu's Addendum to Songs of the South and Zhu's Notes on Songs of the South both inherited his theory, while He Chao's Reading the Book of Changes and Qu are regarded as the god of war. Wen Yiduo thought it was Fuxi; Some people think that Taiyi and Qi are gods.

In fact, "Taiyi" was not a god in Qu Yuan's time, nor can it be regarded as the title of god in "Taiyi of the Eastern Emperor". The "East Emperor", because of the correspondence between East and Spring in the pre-Qin period, shows that it is the reference of Spring God. Before finding more conclusive materials, it is feasible to say that "Dong Huang Tai Yi" should be a spring god. As for "Taiyi", it means the beginning and the beginning, symbolizing the beginning and the beginning.

At the beginning of the poem, first explain the time of sacrifice-because it is a sacrifice to the spring god, the time should be in spring. When the time of kira yamato is in spring, people are prepared to respectfully offer sacrifices to the emperor-the God of Spring-Donghuang Taiyi, so that he can come to the world happily and bring a new atmosphere of revival, life reproduction and vitality to the world. The priest who presided over the sacrifice touched her long sword, arranged her clothes and waited for the arrival of the spring god. The first four sentences make the time of sacrifice and the worshippers' reverence and piety to the spring god concise and clear.

Then it describes the necessary sacrifices: Yao Xi, jade stir-frying, Chu's fragrant grass to welcome the spring god, and wine and delicacies to entertain the spring god. All this, together with countless voices and drums, tells people that spring is coming. The whole sacrificial atmosphere began to reach a climax.

The last four sentences are the end of the whole poem and the climax of the sacrifice-at this time, the spring god came. "Beautiful clothes"-the beautiful dance of the spring god, and "full of fragrance and beauty"-are the breath and breath of spring brought by the spring god. Greet the people who are expecting, so the bells and drums chime and the flutes chime, which makes the joyful atmosphere reach a climax. The last sentence, "Your heart rejoices in Le Kang", is not only a direct description of the happy expression of the spring god's well-being, but also a happy attitude of people who worship the arrival of the spring god.

Although the whole poem is short in length, it has distinct levels, vivid description and warm atmosphere, giving people a solemn and cheerful feeling, fully expressing people's respect, welcome and hope for the spring god, hoping that the spring god will bless the world and bring good news to human life reproduction and crop growth.

Qu Yuan vividly showed the whole process and scene of offering sacrifices to the gods in a short and pithy space, which left a deep impression on people.