Customs in Gamba County

Except Kongma (place name), the folk customs of agricultural and pastoral areas in Gamba area are basically similar. Tibetans' concept of marriage and love is ancient and novel, with a strong local flavor. The love between young men and women is unimpeded and relatively free.

Marriage custom is an indispensable part of the whole national culture. Tibetan marriage customs in Gamba area have a long history and rich cultural connotations. Its remarkable feature lies in its value orientation and cognitive function, which is very different from the marriage customs of other nationalities and is full of strong artistic charm and unique aesthetic taste.

Matchmaking: Whoever marries a daughter-in-law in Gamba area must first entrust his relatives and friends, or the relatives and friends of the girl who is interested in proposing marriage. One should not visit the woman's parents to propose marriage, let alone disturb the woman herself. No matter whether the relatives are well-off, they should give the woman's mother a "breast gift", that is, a scarf (called "Bangdian" in Tibetan) to show their kindness and kindness to their daughter. After drinking the wine of marriage, we set a wedding date. Never go back on our word and change our marriage.

Wedding ceremony: The time of the wedding ceremony must depend on the family members of both parties. In addition, to choose the auspicious day of the zodiac depends on the date and week. The 8th,15th and 30th of the Tibetan calendar, or Friday and Saturday are auspicious days. The weather is also important when holding a wedding. If the weather is sunny or warm, it indicates that the family is safe and happy, and everything is fine.

Wedding procession: It consists of the wedding messenger, the bride, the bridesmaid, the elder sister, and one person and four people who lead the horse for the bride. Everyone took highland barley wine and "chariots and horses" (Tibetan transliteration, meaning "Ciba oil noodles"), walked out of the gate, worshipped Tiansan, and then set out to greet the bride. Two girls or young women dressed in costumes brought butter tea, highland barley wine and all kinds of rich food to pay tribute to the wedding team. When drinking the wedding banquet, the place should be chosen in the land with the largest area, the best soil and the most fertile land for men, so as to have a bumper harvest in the coming year.

Wedding: After the wedding, the bride and groom sit cross-legged on the card mat with the Chinese character ""painted with highland barley. On the first day of the wedding, when the bride and groom were seated, a close relative or invited rapper of the man stood in the room, holding a congratulatory message from Hadadao. The congratulatory message is rich in content, rigorous in structure, poetic and picturesque, and it sounds very pleasant. Drink "after-dinner wine" after dinner, and the housekeeper will invite "night watchman" to perform the program of the day. The appropriate song is a song, and the appropriate dance is a dance. Sing a song or dance for everyone and propose a toast one by one. The drinker said, "Meg smells good, Toche", and then drank the wine upside down.

The bride goes back to her parents' home: after the wedding, it will be some time before she can go back to her parents' home with her husband and father-in-law. There is no ceremony in Huimen, but it will take a few days to hold a banquet and drink. Tibetan opera is a traditional folk drama in Gamba area. Before the performance, there must be an opening performance. In the opening performance, many fairies must perform the entrance ceremony with Jia Lu and Wen Ba (Tibetan transliteration: hunters). At the same time, traditional Tibetan operas mainly appear in the incarnation of fairies and dakini, so the masses affectionately call Tibetan operas "Ajram" or "Ram" (meaning "Sister Fairy" or "Ram").

Before the Cultural Revolution, Gamba Tibetan Opera was active. Influenced by the "Left-leaning" thought of the Cultural Revolution, folk art, which was deeply loved by farmers and herdsmen, was destroyed. From 65438 to 0986, Gamba County Bureau of Culture and Education organized amateur Tibetan opera teams in towns and villages throughout the county to restore and develop Tibetan folk art and enliven farmers' cultural life. Traditional Tibetan operas include the mythical love drama Prince Nosan and sogou Nima. Children's heroic drama "White Horse Eight"; The social life drama "Langsawingbo", which takes talents directly from real materials; Human drama, such as watch baby Slim, the moon and pearls, and so on. Tibetan opera can be performed not only in general occasions, but also on the stage. The story narrator can be used to introduce the performance in sections, and the longer play can last 1-3 days. Tibetan opera is full of singing and dancing, talking and thinking, and performing martial arts. Singing must be high pitched. Generally, arias have long endings, with overlapping actors on the same stage and backup singers behind the scenes. According to statistics, there are more than 20 kinds of Tibetan operas, including men and women, old and young, sad and happy, sad and happy. Change the aria according to the development of the plot when singing. Tibetan opera has a strong national style. Tibetan opera in Gamba County is mainly spread in Changlong Township and Longzhong Township.