Traditional culture of Laba Festival

The eighth day of December is Laba Festival. Speaking of the custom of Laba Festival, I believe many people only know Laba porridge. In fact, Laba Festival has many customs. Let me tell you about the traditional culture of Laba Festival. Let's have a look!

Traditional culture of Laba Festival

1, eat laba porridge

Laba has the custom of eating Laba porridge on this day. Laba porridge is also called Qibao Wuwei porridge. China has been drinking Laba porridge for more than 1000 years. It first started in the Song Dynasty. On the day of Laba, whether it is the imperial court, the government, temples, or the people's homes, Laba porridge will be cooked. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of drinking Laba porridge became more popular. At court, emperors, queens and princes give laba porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants, and distribute rice and fruit to monasteries for monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make laba porridge to worship their ancestors; At the same time, family members get together for dinner and give gifts to relatives and friends.

Although the ingredients of Laba porridge in different regions are different, they basically include cereals such as rice, millet, glutinous rice, sorghum rice, purple rice and coix seed, beans such as soybeans, red beans, mung beans, kidney beans and cowpeas, and dried fruits such as red dates, peanuts, lotus seeds, medlar, chestnuts, walnuts, almonds, longan, raisins and ginkgo. Laba porridge is not only a seasonal food, but also a good health care product, especially suitable for maintaining the spleen and stomach in cold weather.

Step 2 sacrifice

Laba was originally a day of sacrifice, and some places still retain this custom. The objects of sacrifice are: Shennong, Shensi, Hou Ji, Nong Shen, Tianguan, Postal Desk God, Taoist Painting God, Cat and Tiger God, Workshop God, Water God, Insect God and so on. Later, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the elements of offering sacrifices to the Buddha were incorporated, and Buddhism used to offer sacrifices to the Buddha on this day. Some areas are very magnificent.

Since the pre-Qin period, Laba Festival has had the custom of offering sacrifices to ancestors and gods and praying for good harvest and good luck. Moreover, Laba Festival is also a day of enlightenment for Sakyamuni and a Buddhist festival. Therefore, it is a good sign to pray for the blessing of God and Buddha on Laba Festival.

Step 3 eat ice

On the day before Laba Festival, people usually scoop water in steel pots and freeze it. When Laba Festival comes, they will remove the ice and break it. It is said that the ice on this day is magical, and it won't hurt your stomach for a year after eating it.

Step 4 brew laba garlic

In Beijing and most parts of North China, it is also a custom to brew Laba garlic on this day. Laba garlic is garlic soaked in vinegar. Use purple garlic and rice vinegar to remove the old skin of garlic cloves, soak them in rice vinegar, put them in a small jar and put them in a cool place until the garlic turns green.

In the past, the firm collected accounts on Laba, counted this year's accounts and worked out this year's profit and loss. Creditors will also remind people who owe money to pay back on Laba Festival. In the twelfth lunar month, people pay attention to taboos, so they use? Count? Homophonic? Garlic? , not an accountant? Count? . So Laba garlic is delicious, but it is not sold in the market. Every household makes their own laba garlic, and also calculates their own accounts. Look at the expenditure of this year, how much is scraped, and how much it costs to buy new year's goods.

Step 5 make laba tofu

The folk custom in Ganxian County, Anhui Province is a local specialty, and homemade tofu can be dried before eating. The specific production process is as follows: Tofu is made of fine small soybeans, smeared with salt water and slowly baked in the warm sunshine. ? Laba tofu? Usually hang the straw rope in a ventilated place to dry, and you can take it off when you eat it. Generally, it can be hung for three months without deterioration or taste change.

The color of the finished product is yellow and jade-like, the entrance is soft, salty and sweet, and the fragrance is refreshing. It will be more delicious if auxiliary materials such as shrimp skin are added during drying. It can be eaten alone or with meat, fried or stewed, all of which are delicious. When entertaining VIPs, Yixian people carve them into animals and flowers, sprinkle them with sesame oil, and mix them with condiments such as onion, ginger and garlic to make cold dishes, which becomes a feast.

Brief introduction of Laba Festival

Laba Festival, commonly known as? Rabbah? It refers to the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month (1February). Laba Festival is a festival to worship ancestors and gods and pray for good harvest and good luck. According to legend, this day is the day when Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, became a monk and founded Buddhism under the bodhi of Buddha, which is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, so it is also called? Buddha Light Festival? .

In China, Laba Festival has the custom of drinking Laba porridge and soaking Laba garlic. In Henan and other places, Laba porridge is also called Laba porridge? Dinner for everyone? . It is a holiday food custom to commemorate the national hero Yue Fei.

Laba Festival Customs in South China

Guangdong

Laba Festival is one of the traditional festivals in China. On this day, people worship their ancestors and the gods of heaven and earth and pray for good harvest and good luck. There is a custom of eating Laba porridge everywhere. After the prevalence of Buddhism, the Buddha's Light Festival merged with Laba Festival, and famous temples such as Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou and Hanshan Temple in Suzhou still offered porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In Guangdong, the atmosphere of Laba Festival is very light.

Why don't Cantonese celebrate Laba Festival? This is related to the geographical location and the living habits of Guangfu people since ancient times. The ancient Lingnan water town has not been developed, and the life of the aborigines is not dominated by farming. They all make a living by fishing for shrimp and fish on the water. No one grows beans and whole grains needed to cook Laba porridge, so there will be no custom of eating these things.

Some people in Guangdong have also eaten Laba porridge, but it is mainly in the Pearl River Delta area, which is a custom brought by Hakkas in the north, but the materials used to make Laba porridge have always been different. Millet and red dates are used in the north, and glutinous rice, lily and lotus seeds are used in the south.

Fujian Province

The traditional Laba porridge in Fuzhou has an interesting feature: putting a few little lions made of fruit on the porridge can ward off evil spirits. In the past, people in Fuzhou generally began to cook Laba porridge on the seventh night of the twelfth lunar month and stewed it carefully all night. The next morning, Laba porridge was ready.

Some people will carve the fruit into various shapes first. What is the most interesting thing to do? Fruit lion? . Crispy jujube is peeled and dried to make a lion's body, half walnut kernel is the lion's head, peach kernel is the lion's foot, almond is the lion's tail, and then all parts are glued together with syrup and placed on porridge noodles. If the bowl is big, you can also put a pair of lions. Seek good fortune and avoid evil? Meaning of. In the courtyard of the temple, there are also small shapes such as the Eight Immortals, Luohan and Shouxing Palace made of colored foods such as jujube paste, red bean paste and hawthorn.

After laba porridge is made, it is offered to the gods and ancestors early in the morning, and then given to relatives and friends, and sent out before noon. Finally, the whole family will share food and there will be some left over. More than a year? A signal. In the cold winter, drinking a bowl of steaming, sweet and delicious Laba porridge to drive away the cold and warm the stomach is also of great benefit to human health.

Jiangxi

Laba Festival is the first festival before the Spring Festival. What do Nanchang people think? Rabbah? As a prelude to the China New Year. Starting from Laba, every household should prepare peanuts, melon seeds and bacon to buy new year's goods. Someone else? Eating Laba porridge and looking forward to the New Year? Statement.

? You don't have to choose Laba this day, but you will also have good luck and longevity. ? In Nanchang, Laba is also a traditional auspicious day. On this day, Nanchang people not only drink? Laba porridge? , and often held engagement, marry a daughter-in-law, marry a woman and other activities? Laba married? .

Besides offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors, what other customs were there in the ancient twelfth lunar month? Hey? . Nuo is a unique culture in Jiangxi, and it is a ceremony to drive away epidemic ghosts. In Nanchang, in order to inherit and develop Nuo culture, Honggutan New District invested in the construction of Nuo Culture Park. According to historical records, performers usually wear masks, pretend to be King Kong, Lux and Fang Ping, hold their hands with knives, and everyone beats drums to drive away ghosts and epidemics. This is also called wax tube to drive away the epidemic. It is said that children can be safe and healthy. Later, it changed its form among the people, and it became eating fried beans and wheat. No matter what kind of bean wheat it is, stir-fry it and let the children eat some. Bite a ghost? .

Hunan

On the day of Laba Festival, the temple cooked fragrant cereal porridge for the Buddha, called Laba porridge, which was popular among the people. Changsha and other places not only eat laba porridge, but also make laba beans, which becomes one of the home-cooked dishes. In rural areas, glutinous rice, bacon, red dates and walnuts are often used as laba rice on this day, and laba beans are also the most delicious on this day.

What else is there in Changsha? Wax drums ring and spring grass grows. Wax encourages farmers to be excited? Proverbs, so1February 8 is commonly known as? Lari? . On this day, many people will worship their ancestors, and the cooked Laba porridge will worship their ancestors first and then be distributed to their families. The leftover Laba porridge should also be preserved for a few days. What should I bring? More than a year? A good sign.

Laba porridge in Changsha is generally sweet porridge, but pickled laba beans are basically salty. In southern Hunan and other places, Laba has the custom of eating and making fermented bean curd. In Xinhua and Xiangxi, there is also the custom of beating drums on Laba Festival, which means to drive away ghosts and avoid epidemics.

Guangxi

In Liucun, Longji Town, Longsheng Autonomous County, Guangxi, local Pan Yao people have the custom of making Ciba on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. The local Yao people soaked and steamed glutinous rice, mashed it into mud in a stone trough, and then kneaded it into glutinous rice. Ciba cake is delicious and very popular among local people.

Zhejiang Province

Zhejiang people usually cook Laba porridge with walnut kernel, pine nuts, lotus seeds, red dates, longan meat and litchi meat. Sweet and delicious. It is said that this method of cooking porridge was handed down from Nanjing.

Jiangsu Province

People in Jiangsu eat laba porridge, both sweet and salty. Add water chestnut, walnut kernel, pine nuts, Gordon Euryale seeds, red dates, chestnuts, fungus, vegetables, Flammulina velutipes, etc. Into laba porridge. If salty porridge cooks it, just add vegetables and oil.

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