Sumugacha chronicle

Mucun shop

The name of the pastoral village is Jihuluntu. It is a place where Mongolian herders live around Wudangzhao. Several "Duguilong" (villagers' groups) are combined into a Gacha, which is surrounded by the mountains of Wudang Zhao, a famous tourist resort in Inner Mongolia. The average elevation exceeds 1000 meters. The lush Chinese pine and the white clouds of the sheep set each other off.

In early summer, I walked into Mutu village in Jihulun. In the bright sunshine, there are piles of pink or white apricot flowers and cherry blossoms all over the mountain. Unknown small yellow flowers and small blue flowers flash in the grass; In the fresh air, there is the fragrance of rosin, flowers and birds. ...

The seven "Duguilong" cultivated land in Jihuluntu is very few, and the usable area of more than 60,000 mu of grassland is only one third. It is difficult for more than 10 thousand cattle and sheep to survive on the deteriorating grassland.

1985, the autonomous region and Baotou city conducted a pilot project of "modern pasture construction" here, planting excellent forage grass, delineating Cullen, planting trees and introducing excellent cashmere goats. At that time, herders could not fully understand what changes would be brought about by "promoting grazing through science and technology" After more than ten years, after several generations of feeding, 90% of Gacha goats have been improved, and the cashmere yield has increased by about two times. Excellent herbages such as alfalfa, astragalus adsurgens and Caragana korshinskii have grown in Kulun Banner, and artificial forests such as willow and elm have tripled the per capita income of herders. Entering Yebeigou, we were immediately attracted by a row of tall brick houses and dazzling silver-white TV receivers. The accompanying Gacha cadres told us that this is the home of old party member, representatives of people's congresses at cities and counties, and Hao Adi, a "demonstrator of science and technology".

Just entering the yard, the host greeted him. When we sat down on the carpeted kang, the hostess served steaming milk tea and fried dumplings. While enjoying the generous courtesy of the Mongols, we talked about our family. Then the topic naturally turned to the animal husbandry economy.

"After all," Adia said excitedly, "we all rely on the policies of the party and the state. 1990, I began to cultivate my own fine varieties and plant fine grasses. After one year, my net income is 10,000 yuan, which will increase every year. "

"Then how did you develop later?"

"Later, I dug a well, got running water, surrounded the grass Cullen, and opened a fruit and vegetable garden. The days were wider."

Accompanying cadres, you get even with the master in one sentence. The income from selling cashmere, wool and sheep dung is 20 thousand yuan, the income from selling cattle and sheep is several thousand yuan, and the income from selling improved lambs is several thousand yuan. Excluding the expenses of forage, the net income is more than 20 thousand yuan, and the per capita annual income is about 6000 yuan.

Adia nodded and smiled, and said with deep feeling, "There are many households like me, but there are still some differences. The next step is not easy. It is also necessary to rely on technology to reverse the momentum of grazing livestock. " His wife replied that she couldn't let go of her hands and feet a few years ago, but now she has done too much and is very tired. She bought a car, a motorcycle and a feed grinder. Although she saved some labor, she was still too busy. You have to rely on technology when you are old.

When I came out of the house, I looked at their orchards and sheep sheds. The ground had not been cleaned before, and the thick sheep manure had not yet come out of the shed, indicating that the owner was really at a loss. However, when the old couple saw us off, they showed full confidence and greater hope for the future.

Gacha new look

Animal husbandry Gacha is a pure animal husbandry mountain area where Mongolians live in Shiguai District. Under the jurisdiction of Jihuluntusumu, there are seven unique dragons around Wudang Zhao, a famous temple in Yinshan Mountain. Surrounded by mountains, pines and cypresses are green.

On the streets of Mongolian resorts and Jihuluntusumu, old people in Mongolian robes and lamas in purple robes can be seen from time to time. They talked in Mongolian, which was very simple and cordial. After the reform and opening up, this familiar old place is changing with each passing day. I witnessed the elegant demeanour of Gacha people in animal husbandry with my own eyes and appreciated the unique achievements of the two civilizations in keeping pace with the times.

Walking into the meeting room of animal husbandry Gacha gives people a fresh and practical feeling: on the four walls, there are many banners and awards from the autonomous region, Baotou City and Shiguai Sumu, as well as economic and social development plans. The secretary of the Party branch said briefly: "More than half of Mugacha are Mongolians, and the rest are brothers such as Han, Tibetan and Manchu. At present, herders are working together to improve grazing, reclaim land, close pastures, return grazing to forests, develop eco-tourism industry, and accelerate their participation in the western development.

We walked to the pastoral village, looked at a tall forest and went in. Outside the Woods, a 200-meter stone dam was built along the ditch, and a tall willow belt surrounded more than 20 acres of flat terraces. The newly dug electromechanical well is open and has not been cleaned yet. Next to the wellhead are poles, pumps, hoses, cables and other supporting facilities. In the terraced fields near the western hills, there are several piles of hill-like forage, suggesting that the owner has raised a large number of livestock. In front of four red brick tile houses, agricultural vehicles, motorcycles, hay cutters and threshers are parked ... On the east side of the house are captive greenhouses and barns. Dozens of newly introduced sheep and three ostriches hatched for more than a month, together with cows, pigs, chickens and dogs, composed a special pastoral symphony.

The herdsman's wife came out of the house. She asked her husband to answer the phone and called us into the house for tea. The mellow milk tea gives off a charming fragrance. Fried rice, cheese, prickly heat and hand-grabbed meat filled the table. After the hostess warmly greeted us and sat down, she said with love in her resentment, "There is such a big beach at home, and she still takes care of things all day, buys forage for this family, changes fine varieties for that family, and adds tolls for cars and horses to do things for people."

At noon, we visited well-off households in old party member. He is a Mongolian herder who raises these two animals. He has a big fruit and vegetable garden and a spacious and bright blue brick house, which is clean inside and outside. Banners, tapestries and portraits of Genghis Khan hang on the wall, which is particularly eye-catching. Modern furniture and home appliances are placed against the wall, which is beautiful and comfortable. Gachada happily introduced: "The old man served as secretary of the Party branch in the 1970s and was the first person to adopt science and technology to raise livestock. He provided thousands of rams for all herdsmen in Gachada, and received good economic benefits. Some of his children are cadres in the district, and some are engaged in science and technology outside. Therefore, he updated his ideas early and had a strong sense of science and technology. His work and life are different from ordinary herders and have urban color. " He told us happily: "My family moved to a new home in order to receive new information, learn new knowledge and make new contributions."

On the way back, Gachada couldn't help saying, "This is a feed processing factory run by Mongolian herdsmen, a tourist hotel jointly run by Mongolian and Han herdsmen, a pharmacy jointly run by Mongolian youth and Han people, and a resort jointly run by Mongolian and Han herdsmen ..."

As I listened, my eyes suddenly turned to the pines and cypresses on the hillside. In the snow, they are still tall, vigorous and lush. They just symbolize the cause of the party, the grass-roots strength of herdsmen in mountain villages and the spirit of "reform and opening up"!

"Shagetai" Sheung Shui

Climbing elm is located in the upper reaches of Wudang ditch, ten kilometers west of Wudang Zhao, and it is one of the better gacha under the jurisdiction of Jihuluntusumu. The nearest avenue from Shiguai to Guyang County passes through this village. In spring, when you pass by this place, a fragrant orchard with blooming flowers and a large green flat farmland are displayed in front of you.

However, due to the large population and small land, farmers' income is slow. There are hundreds of acres of land in the north of the village, but it seems to be very uncoordinated with this village. The yellow sand and stones are exposed, the weeds are messy, and the surface is uneven. All this tells people that this is still a dry land that has not been well managed. This place is called "Shagetai". As the name implies, it is high and sandy. Because it is located in the tuyere, the soil is decreasing year by year, the geology is getting worse and worse, and the yield per mu is less than 100 kg when the weather is favorable. In dry years, there is no grain harvest. In the past, people just took some emergency measures, such as lifting water with high head and irrigating with the trend, which caused serious soil erosion, high cost and drought tolerance.

In recent years, the worst drought in decades has sounded the alarm for people, and farmers urgently demand to change the status quo and supply water on the flat land. According to estimates, it needs to invest about 5,000 yuan, and the collective has no money, so it is really difficult for the beneficiary villagers to raise funds.

After the reform and opening up, the higher authorities do practical things and do good things for the people, starting with this matter, grasping one by one and taking immediate action. The hills in early spring are warm and cold, and it is the most difficult to rest. Cold currents from Siberia and the Mongolian Plateau are rolling in with yellow sand and dust. There are few vehicles and pedestrians on the road, but just climbed the elm "Shagetai", and a group of people are braving the cold wind to survey the project. They are the leaders of Sumu District.

After half an afternoon's on-the-spot investigation, a detailed and thorough engineering scheme was formed: pumping water from the east big well and transporting it to the west and north ends through pipelines. In this way, not only more than 80 acres of dry land can be turned into paddy fields, but also trees on the west side of the avenue can be watered, and the economic benefits can be at least doubled, directly benefiting 28 households with 86 people.

After the scheme was determined, the village committee mobilized villagers to dig ditches and prepare soil, and people braved the cold of spring and worked hard under the ravages of sandstorms. The continuous sand and dust filled up the trench dug earlier, so we had to dig again and open the trench as soon as possible. Villagers go out early and return late, and don't go home at noon. They fought against the sky, the earth and the sandstorm, racing against time and ditching ten days in advance.

Due to the expansion of the actual project, the original planned funds and plastic pipe fittings are not enough, so it is difficult to raise funds again. What should we do? The main leaders who came to investigate immediately made a decision: on the one hand, coordinate the loan, on the other hand, help solve the pipe fittings and pumps. Leading cadres at the two levels split up and ran around in the dust day and night. After three days of hard work, the loan was settled and the pipe fittings were pulled back. Sumu leaders and village cadres personally led villagers to manage components, install and bury them. Did a great thing for the villagers.

Spring breeze turns into rain, and water comes naturally.

Wudanggou Valley at the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain and the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River is surrounded by mountains and ravines. Farmers and herdsmen in this area have been farming and grazing on sloping fields for generations, and it is difficult to increase their income because of ten years and nine droughts.

Just after Tomb-Sweeping Day, a gray off-road vehicle was driving slowly from west to east in a ravine at the south of Sumunan 10 km in Jihuluntu, Shiguai District. After the bumpy car passed, clouds of dirt and dust were rolled up from time to time and scattered unevenly in the valley. Sitting in the car, the leaders of Shiguai District Committee went to Qianba Village, the contact point, to help the villagers complete the pipe irrigation project of 100 mu of drought to water.

Everything is ready. Let's test the water today. As they walked, they talked about how to change the face of this area, ecological construction, industrial restructuring and increase the income of farmers and herdsmen. The car stopped on the earth dam behind the cabbage ditch. District and township leaders stood on high places and once again looked at the places where the leaders of this autonomous region and the State Council had been. The terraced fields and stone dams built in the capital construction of farmland in those years are vivid, but the water conservancy facilities are still lacking. A small drought reduced production, and a big drought failed to harvest.

History and living reality once again make leaders deeply feel that water conservancy is indeed the lifeblood of agriculture! After the eastward movement of the dam, mountain torrents washed away rock gullies countless times, and the road was rugged. Bypass Jiuqu Bawan and reach Qianba Village. Qianba village has more than 60 families and more than 250 people. To the east, it faces the cerebellum village of Erqinyao Township in Tuyouqi across the river, and the water conservancy conditions are not as good as others. The whole village 1600 mu of cultivated land, only a few hundred mu can be watered. Every dry year, the villagers feel: "If only cerebellar rabbits had water conservancy conditions".

1997, when the "380" project was implemented to help the poor during the "August 7th" period, a large well was dug and repaired in the village. At that time, it was planned to use tap water to solve the problem of drinking water for people and animals, and on the other hand, to turn some dry land into water land. However, the latter project was stranded halfway due to lack of funds and has not been able to start construction since then.

At this time, it is the Spring Festival. When people are still immersed in the happy days of "the first month", the main leaders of Sumu accompany the leaders of the district Committee. Once at the contact point, go directly to Dajing and Sheung Shui Station. Facing the flat and water-deficient land, I meditated for a long time, and then asked in detail about the project, how many man-days are needed to dig pipelines, how many water pipes are needed, how about labor and funds, and how about the benefits after completion? Village leaders told him that this project can turn 120 mu of dry land into paddy fields, and the per capita paddy field can reach one mu. At least 48,000 Jin of grain can be increased every year. If the adjustment of planting structure is added, the direct economic benefit will be more than 300 thousand yuan, and it will increase year by year. However, there is still a shortage of 450 meters of water pipes, which needs to be solved urgently.

The district leader immediately made a decision: he was responsible for coordinating the subsidy of 4,000 yuan, which was completed before spring ploughing and sowing. He also repeatedly told the leaders of Sumugacha to do a good job in this matter so that farmers can get practical results this year. The leaders of Sumugacha immediately took action to organize labor to dig pipelines.

People braved the cold in early spring to fight against sandstorms. Unfreezed land was dug up piece by piece, and pipelines were extended inch by inch. At this time, the district leaders came to the construction site for the second time. People see that the district leaders are travel-stained and pay so much attention to the private affairs of farmers. Although it is freezing, their psychology is warm.

Just two days before the pipeline was dug, the district leaders came to Qianba Village for the third time. When they handed over 4000 yuan to the village cadres, people were so excited that tears filled their eyes. This is more than 4000 yuan. It is the flash of the party's policies and the golden bridge between the party and the government and the masses. Its actual value and weight in people's minds are hard to count! The project was completed half a month ahead of schedule, so there was the scene at the beginning of this article.

It is the will of the people to solve problems.

Baiyanlong Gacha is located in the northernmost part of Shiguai District, bordering Xinjian Township, Guyang County. Except for the skull, Duguilong has a little water area, and the other three Duguilong are all sloping fields, with deep valleys of more than ten miles, remote and isolated, with harsh natural conditions and scarce water resources. 200 people depend on the weather for food and clothing all the year round.

Led by the district leaders, a task force composed of the Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres, the Finance Bureau and other departments, and a group of five people stationed in Baiyanlong Gacha, carried out the activity of "connecting hundreds of families, touching hundreds of feelings, solving hundreds of difficulties and warming hearts". They have a heart-to-heart talk with the villagers, asking the masses to say what they want to say and put forward their own opinions. Answer on the spot if you can answer, solve on the spot if you can solve it, explain the situation if you can't solve it for a while, and solve it regularly. For unreasonable demands, do a good job in policy and persuasion and guidance patiently and carefully.

Having found out the situation and sorted out the clues, we started with the problem of "drinking water difficulty" that the villagers are most concerned about. Baiyan, a natural village in dragon five, has drilled five motor wells in recent years. Due to the severe drought, the water level dropped, so I could barely use my eyes. The district leaders coordinated the leaders of the Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres and the Finance Bureau to raise more than 2,000 yuan to carry out deep excavation and reconstruction of the original mechanical wells, and provided facilities such as rubber pipes and plastic pipes, which enabled all the four-eye mechanical wells to operate normally, ensured the irrigation of more than 600 mu of land, and made agriculture not suffer losses in the year of catastrophe.

The task force also cooperated with relevant departments and sent engineers and technicians to re-survey and design the semi-arid project-the dry land water improvement project stranded due to insufficient funds after investment in the 1980s. In the case of very tight funds for each unit, 4,000 yuan was squeezed out to save office expenses, reduce unnecessary expenses, level the land, dig ditches and support facilities, so that more than 60 mu of dry land was flooded and late autumn crops were planted. The direct economic benefit is over 40,000 yuan.

After solving the problem of changing drought into water, the task force actively assisted the villagers to contact and sell agricultural and animal husbandry products such as astragalus, potatoes and cashmere, and did more than a dozen good things in a down-to-earth manner, thinking about the villagers' thoughts and worrying about their urgent needs. In order to increase farmers' income, the task force, together with the Party branch and the village committee, screened and adjusted the agricultural and animal husbandry industrial structure projects. The new potato varieties they introduced increased their income by more than 500 kilograms per mu, expanded the planting area of cash crops such as Astragalus membranaceus by more than 80 mu, and increased their income by more than150,000 yuan, which minimized the losses in the year of severe drought and disaster.