Folk custom of Hulunbeier League

Oroqen people mainly live in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, and Oroqen people in our city account for about half of the Oroqen people in China. The language belongs to a Tungusic family full of Altaic languages, which is very similar to Ewenki. It has no words, and it uses Chinese. Believed in shamanism before liberation. The main production activity is hunting. After liberation, settlement was gradually realized. On the premise of forest protection and fire prevention, we will gradually change from hunting production to conservation, breeding and hunting, and implement diversified management.

1984, the population increased to 2 105, 2.4 times that in the early days of liberation. The Oroqen nationality is a rare hunting nationality in the world today. Men are good at archery and hunting, while women are good at carving and embroidery. There is a folk saying that "men are not afraid of mountains and women are not afraid of details". The Oroqen people are good at singing and dancing, and the music rhythm is clear and melodious. Dance imitates animal movements, showing more production and life. Marriage within the same clan is forbidden in this country. Generally, it takes three times for a man to propose marriage through an intermediary/put it on a five-foot tree after his death. Yes, it's called wind burial; Those who die of acute diseases can also be cremated.

The Daur nationality originally lived in the north bank of Heilongjiang, and moved to the eastern foot of Daxinganling and the middle and upper reaches of Nenjiang River in the middle of17th century. At first it was mainly hunting, but later it settled down and turned to animal husbandry and agriculture. Nowadays, most Daur people in the east of Daxing 'anling are farmers, who are also engaged in forestry and animal husbandry. The Daur people in pastoral areas are mostly engaged in animal husbandry auxiliary production and diversified operations.

The Daur nationality in Hulunbeier League accounts for 60% of the Daur population in China. Daur language belongs to Mongolian family of Altai language family, which has no characters, and Manchu language was used in Qing Dynasty. Since the Revolution of 1911, Chinese has been widely used, and a few Daur people living in pastoral areas also use Mongolian. Daur women are good at sewing all kinds of leather clothes. Historically, men like to play "back striding" (a traditional sports activity made of cow hair or tree roots), which is the predecessor of modern hockey. After liberation, Moqi has become a famous "hometown of hockey" and has sent some excellent hockey players to the whole country.

Daur folk literature and dances are widely circulated, such as "Giving Music on the Road" while drinking and dancing. The Daur people have a tradition of respecting the elderly and being hospitable. In marriage, the same surname and close relatives are forbidden to intermarry. People are buried in coffins after death. The moon rose to the sky on the 15th. Why are there no clouds nearby ... The sweet and exciting song "Meet Aobao" is the theme song of the movie "People on the Grassland". This song is on the Aobao Mountain in Ba, Yan and De, next to Aobao, and flies to the whole country and the whole world. 1956 in the summer, a group of people came to Bayan Hu Shuo Aobaoshan to camp. They are the crew of People on the Prairie. The Man on the Grassland is the first headline novel published in People's Literature by Malaqinfu, an Inner Mongolia writer, which was later adapted into a film by Hallmo, a famous writer of Beijing Film Studio.

The movie went well, but the theme song hasn't come out yet. Futong, a composer who was born in Bayanchagang, Ewenki Banner, Humeng, conceived many beautiful phrases, but never found the ideal lyrics, so he had to press the creative impulse again and again. On the evening of Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15, Hamo wandered in Aobao Mountain, Bayan Hu Shuo. There was a bright moon overhead, and the wonderful performances of Hesen En and Wurina, the actors and heroines, flashed in front of us ... At this time, Hamo's mood came, and beautiful lyrics fell from the sky and jumped in front of him. He seized the inspiration, took out a pen and paper and waved it away. He continued to look for Fortis. After seeing his half-father, he said excitedly, "God help me!" "

Over the years, some "people on the grassland" have died, and the plot of the film has long been forgotten. However, the "Aobaohui" by Harmo and the boy's Julian Bihe has been sung for a long time. How lucky and unforgettable it is for tourists to come to watch Aobao, sing a song "Meet Aobao" and take a photo! Some guests who visit Hulunbeier grassland meet some Mongolian comrades and love to ask "what's your name", which makes Mongolian comrades wonder how to answer. Do you know why? On the surface, a person's name seems to be a symbol. In fact, a person's name is a very interesting social phenomenon and an important embodiment of a national cultural characteristic.

It can specifically reflect some aspects of a nation's psychological habits. Mongolian names are different from other ethnic minorities and Han nationality, and have their own unique naming methods.

First of all, from the naming range of men and women, some men's names have entrusted their elders with ardent expectations and good wishes, such as Jiri Gala (happiness), Buzzard (exultation), Batu (strength), Bai Yin (wealth), Buhe (firmness) and Ulitanashun (longevity); Some are named after brave and vigorous birds and animals, such as Alsleng (jJ coin), Surh Ba beast (tiger) and Brezhgood (eagle); Some are named after the grandfather's age when the baby was born, in order to commemorate and hope that the child will live a long life, such as Dalintai (70), Nairentai (80) and Yirentai (90), and some directly use Chinese, such as 73 and 82. There are also many people named after respected social figures in ancient Mongolia, such as Bater (hero), Bielg (wise man), Mo Rigen (archer) and Qin Si (saint). Others are named after precious gold and silver and hard steel, such as Allah (gold), Meng Gen (silver) and temur (iron). The sun, the moon and the sky are shining and mysterious.

Therefore, many Mongolian women are named after bright stars, such as Na Ren (the sun), Saren (the moon), Oden (the star) and Odengele (the starlight). They also like to use colorful flowers and trees to name them, such as their lattice (flowers) and their wooden lattice (stamens), or directly use Chinese and Hulunbeier League.

It is called peony, begonia, plum blossom and so on. Pearl and Baoyu are cherished by people, so it is reasonable to name them, such as Tana (Pearl) and Hasan Dehas (Jade). Others are named after their own personalities, such as Thurgen (Fast) and Wu Enqi (Loyalty). There are also many names according to the month of birth, such as the first month, March, May, June, July, August, September, October, winter solstice and twelfth month. But there are no names for February and April. Why? Some people explain that Mongolian is difficult to pronounce, and "four" is homophonic with "death" in Chinese, so everyone avoids it.

Secondly, with the introduction of Lamaism into Mongolian grassland, children often ask lamas to give them names, so they give them names in Tibetan, such as Dourgen, Purib, Robsang, Zabu, Danding and so on. Names in Sanskrit (ancient India) include Sumia, Dharma, bazar, Zagard, etc. There are also mixed languages named after Mongolian, Tibetan and Sanskrit, such as Tumen Jiri Gala (Mongolian+Mongolian), Purib Bater (Tibetan+Mongolian), Sumia Sukhe (Sanskrit+Mongolian), Tumen Dembozhile (Mongolian+Tibetan), Rob Sandag Wa (Tibetan+Tibetan) and Dalmazab. Names consisting of three words are not common in Mongolian names, and most of them are in the above form.

By understanding the naming characteristics and meanings of Mongolian names, you will know that Mongolian comrades who have only one name but no surname cannot ask others "your surname", but should be called according to Mongolian customs. Sabine Festival June 18

It is a traditional festival of Ewenki nationality, and its main activities are horse racing, tug-of-war and strength.

June 18 is a traditional festival of Oroqen nationality. At that time, the Oroqen people were sitting around the blazing bonfire, singing and dancing, which was very lively.

Basque Festival, April 26th-early May

It is the most solemn and lively festival of the Chinese and Russian descendants in a year. On the night of the festival, elders give gifts to children, and young people go to their elders' homes to pay New Year greetings and bless them. On holiday nights, people get together, sing and dance, and have fun.