How many winter solstices are there a year!

From the second day of winter to the first day of September!

Winter solstice

The winter solstice (Gregorian calendar1February 2 1 day or 22nd) is the beginning of September in the lunar calendar. The ancients thought that it was auspicious to lengthen the day and increase the yang. Therefore, it is worth celebrating. Emperors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties had ceremonies to worship heaven, which was called "the suburb from winter to the sun". In the palace, there was a ceremony in which hundreds of temples congratulated the emperor. They also threw thorns at each other and congratulated each other, just like the New Year. However, people do not regard the winter solstice as a festival, but have some timely activities.

On the day of winter solstice, a grand ceremony was held on a boulevard in Shi Jing. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, the Taoist took a kiss and went to the table to celebrate the Buddha's birthday. Taoism believes that the Buddha in the early Yuan Dynasty symbolizes chaos, and the Taoist spirit did not appear in the first century. Ancient people had the custom of eating wonton. In fact, "wonton" and "chaos" are homophonic. The ancients extended eating wonton to break the chaos and open up the world.

During the winter solstice, people have the custom of pasting "99 cold current map". The map of dispelling cold records that the weather turns cloudy and sunny after nine years, so as to predict the rich and the poor in the coming year.

Interesting talk about winter solstice

The winter solstice is one of the traditional twenty-four solar terms in China, and the time is between the 22nd and 23rd of the lunar calendar. According to the interpretation of astronomy, in winter solstice, the sun reaches 270 degrees latitude and longitude, and the sun shines directly on the tropic of Capricorn, and the daytime in the northern hemisphere is the shortest; After that, the direct sunlight position moved northward, and the days became longer. The traditional concept of yin and yang in our country holds that the cathode will be positive this day, the south will be positive, and it will last forever. These natural phenomena become the support of colorful winter solstice activities.

Another name for the winter solstice is as long as. Also known as the Dragon Festival. This is another name based on natural phenomena. Since the summer solstice, the days are getting shorter and shorter, reaching the peak in the winter solstice, and then the days are getting longer and longer, so the winter solstice is also called "long to the sun", which means that the days will (have) become longer. Bai Juyi's poem "Yangmeiguan Winter Solstice Day" says: "From November to night, people walk three thousand miles." If the winter solstice is regarded as a festival, it will have another name. "The winter solstice is a' long solstice'. Pupils wear new clothes, bring wine and go to work. "

As short as ... Also known as short as a knot. This is another name based on natural phenomena, but it is explained from different angles. As long as the explanation focuses on "the future", although it is short, the winter solstice is explained from the perspective of "the present tense". Winter solstice is short, so it is called "short". Judging from the present tense, it should be the solstice in summer, not the solstice in winter.

Fat winter. This is an understanding of the winter solstice from the perspective of custom. The solstice in winter is earlier than New Year's Day, and there is a custom of sending wine and meat to relatives and friends, so it is called. "The solstice of winter, worshipping festivals, or feeding heritage with sheep and wine are called' fat winter'"

Love winter. The emphasis and intention are the same as those of Fat Winter. Relatives and friends celebrate the winter solstice festival, which is full of joy, so it is called. "The solstice winter is called' Happy Winter'. The official rate is close to that of families. The day before, the master of ceremonies watched the five drums pay tribute, and the husband's family paid tribute. The villagers only sacrificed noodles and jiaozi to the sky and served their parents. "

A long festival. This is to understand the winter solstice from the perspective of nature and custom, because there are two explanations for the meaning of "walking long" From a natural point of view, it is the winter solstice, the sun is the South Pole, the shadow is the shortest, and the method is the yellow bell, which has the longest tube, hence its name because of its congratulations. From the perspective of custom, it is said that the solstice in winter is a sunny day, and the days are getting longer and longer. On this day, women present socks to their uncles and aunts to show the beginning of the needlework. "The winter solstice is a long festival, and it is also a day for him to worship his ancestors. Do not worship the customs. "

Tofu Festival. This is another name from the perspective of custom, which is only popular in some areas. Shanxi's "New Records of Yuxiang County": "The learning of each village will worship its teachers every day. Students prepare tofu offerings and offer Biqun drinks, commonly known as' Tofu Festival'. "

Subage. This is another name compared with Chinese New Year. It means the winter solstice Asian Games festival, just as the saying goes, "Winter solstice is a big year". There is a saying in Wei Zhi's "Ode to Socks in Winter": "See the old instrument, the country is in winter, ... welcome happiness at the age of two, and celebrate for a long time." Hu Pu 'an's China Ethnic Customs: Lin 'an, Zhejiang Province: "The winter solstice is commonly called the Asian Year, and people celebrate each other, just like the Chinese New Year. Wuzhong is the most prosperous, so there is a saying of' fat winter and thin year'. "

Judging from the custom that winter solstice is called sub-year-old, when discussing the name of winter solstice, we should pay attention to the comparison between winter solstice and New Year holidays. In the folk, there are many proverbs comparing the two, which comprehensively reflect the public psychology and social life foundation of the winter solstice holiday custom.

Winter solstice proverb

Fat in winter and thin in years. This is a comparison between New Year's Day and winter solstice from the perspective of social life. It is said that this custom is the most popular in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, but it is also very popular in the north. "In the past, it was called' Winter Solstice Day Worship' with reference to Huailai County, Hebei Province, or it was called' Fat Winter' with sheep wine as a gift". "In most parts of northern China, people have worked hard for a year and rarely tasted wine and meat. After the autumn harvest, the cultivation was finished, and the new grain was put into storage, and the rotten workshops (wine workshops) in rural areas began their annual work. It's burning red, and the wine is leaking. After the light snow and heavy snow, the preparations for the New Year began, killing pigs and sheep, and the meat overflowed in the kitchen. The solstice in winter is before New Year's Day, which is the time when everything is rich. It goes without saying that every family has food and drink, and the gifts brought by relatives and friends on holidays are also quite expensive. On that year's festival, everything was more or less consumed. On longevity and fat (in the old society, villagers talked about the quality of dishes, mostly with fat, that is, the amount of meat; By extension, the amount of meat also means the quality of life), of course, it is fat in winter and thin in years-an old saying that illustrates a certain aspect of rural winter life.

The solstice in winter is as big as a year. Also known as the winter solstice, it is like a year, and winter is like a year. This contrast is basically the same as being fat in winter and thin in years. Therefore, some people say, "On the November Winter Solstice Festival, there must be a fire, and the family temple, ancestral temple and kitchen god are honored by their parents, and a family banquet is held to congratulate their relatives. This is an example of New Year's Day. As the saying goes, the winter is like the New Year, which is Wuzhong's' fat winter and thin year'. " However, the comparison between these two proverbs is slightly different. "The winter solstice is as big as the New Year" pays more attention to the customs of festivals, which means that the customs and activities of the winter solstice are almost the same as those of the New Year. The so-called "winter solstice is like New Year's Day".

Jiujiu Song and Eliminating Cold Environment

Whenever winter comes, loving and wise mothers will sing this song to their children:

In 1929, if you don't relax,

Walking on the ice in 3949,

5969, look at the willows by the river,

The ice broke in' 79, and 89 geese came.

99 plus 19, plowing cattle everywhere.

This song is the Jiujiu song that has spread almost all over China.

99 songs are also called 99 words, and the full name should be "99 songs to eliminate the cold". According to the traditional calendar of our country, every nine days is a period starting from the second day of the winter solstice, which is the opposite of the "V" in summer. * * * There are nine time periods. The first nine days are called September 19, followed by September 29th, March 9th and ... September 9th, collectively referred to as "September 9th", as opposed to "dog days". In the whole winter, the weather is cold for 998 1 day. After this time, the weather will get warmer and the earth will be spring. In this cold "hardest time to rest" season, people count nine, so it is called "counting nine"; The weather in this section is also called "several nine days" accordingly. Only a few days people are more leisure, so through the observation of cold and warm weather, phenology and personnel things, they have composed 99 songs, which are widely circulated to dispel the cold. According to Liang's Chronicle of Jingchu in the Southern Dynasties, there was a custom of nine at that time: "The number of days in the winter solstice, 9981 is the end of the cold." Here, the number of days from winter solstice is different from the current calendar, but it may be true. Later chronicles also said that the number of days from winter to solstice was nine days.

Jiujiu Song appeared later than Jiujiu, but it was very popular in Tang and Song Dynasties. The author of Guangxu's "Dongguang County Records of Hebei Province" 14 in the Qing Dynasty said: "The lyrics of Zhi Shu Jiu have been recorded since the Tang Dynasty. For example, Lu Yong's Wu Xia Tian Jia Zhi, Zhou Zundao's Talking about the Hidden Record of Leopard, Feng Yingjing's Generalized Moon Order, Tian Rucheng's Notes on Visiting the West Lake, and two articles, Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice, are all similar. " Chen, a poet in the Song Dynasty, provided some evidence for this assertion: "The custom of Miscellaneous Notes at the Age of Years, counting from the second day after winter, is 9981. In the hutongs, most of them are "nine-nine characters", and there is a cloud:' nine cold are all hot'. " In the poem "Winter Solstice Day" by Su Zhe, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, there is also the sentence "It seems that money is more important than firewood, so it is not difficult to count this year".

99-99 song of dispelling cold has been circulated in most parts of the country, especially in the north. The winter in the north is very cold, so the 99-year-old Song Chuhan is not only worthy of the name, but also has practical significance. Because the climate is different in different places, people's views are different when creating, so there are some differences in Jiujiu songs in different places. The following two songs are a comparison between North and South:

Hebei:

1929 did not shoot;

3,949 yuan to take away;

Five or nine and a half points, slag scattered;

Hit six or nine heads in spring, take off your coat and change to a cow;

In 7963, pedestrians relaxed their clothes;

Nine times out of ten, don't plow, just stay for three or five days;

Yang Hua blooms in September and doesn't come in September.

Zhejiang:

1929, can't call each other;

In 3927, chestnuts were blown at the hedge head;

4936, staying overnight is like sleeping;

5945, poor China street dance;

Don't dance, don't dance, there will be a cold spring;

6954, flies hide in the layer;

In 7963, cloth was laid on both shoulders;

In 8972, pigs and dogs were lying in Haiti;

998 1 year, the poor suffered;

Just about to stretch, mosquitoes and fleas came out.

1999 The custom of removing cold corresponding to the song of removing cold is 1999 map of removing cold. Compared with 1999, the picture of eliminating cold appeared later. It has three functions: first, it records the weather after nine o'clock, such as rain, snow and so on; Accordingly, divining the rich and the poor in the coming year.

There are many forms of cooling diagram. The simple method is to draw nine vertical and horizontal grids, and then draw a money shape in the middle of each grid. * * * You take eighty-one yuan and draw one yuan every day. The painting method is "full of rain and shine, left wind and right rain and snow" There is a folk song that says, "It's sunny and sunny, and it's raining on the left, and the spring grass is green." Or choose nine words and nine pictures to form a sentence and put it in the grid, which is also a daily stroke. The commonly used nine-picture conjunction is "weeping willows in front of the court (pavilion) and cherishing the spring breeze". Tsui Hark's "Qing Ji Chao" contains: "Xuanzong imperial characters, there is a sentence" weeping willows in front of the pavilion and cherishing the spring breeze ",each sentence is nine characters, each sentence is nine paintings, and then double hooks are used to decorate it into a picture, which will cool the cold in September ... From the solstice of winter, it is difficult to fill it in one stroke every day." It's 99 when it's all dyed, and spring is coming. "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of Dijing" said: "On the solstice of winter, draw a plum blossom, one petal in eighty miles, and dye one petal every day. In 1999, the petals came out, the spring was deep, and the day was' 99 to eliminate the cold'. " What's more, women make up and dye plums. Yang Yunfu, an Amin poet, recited this custom in "One Hundred Poems on Luanjing Miscellaneous Poems", and he himself noted: "After the winter, put a plum flower in the window, and the beauty will make up. Rouge will make a circle every day, 8 1 circle is enough, and it will become apricot flowers and warm. " This design can be described as unique. From plum blossom to apricot blossom, from winter to spring, the change of four seasons is connected with the rouge of Jiaren Xiaozhuang, which is really amazing. No wonder Yang's poems were sung:

Try to count the nine or nine pictures between the windows.

The residual cold disappeared and the warmth began to return.

Plum blossoms are everywhere,

I think it's apricot now.

Some maps have other "attachments". First, there are conjunctions, that is, related conjunctions are marked next to the map; For example, "Look at Mei in the picture. The grass outside the natural gate is green "; Some are printed on the map to eliminate the cold in 1999; In addition, there are pictures and wisecracks, such as "Tiger Ramming" and "Tiger Ramming-Don't listen to that". Article source: China folk customs