What kind of garden activities are suitable for the winter solstice?

The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the traditional Laba Festival of Han nationality in China. On this day, most parts of China have the custom of eating Laba porridge. Laba porridge is made of eight kinds of fresh grains and fruits harvested in the same year, usually sweet porridge. However, many farmers in the Central Plains like to eat Laba porridge. In addition to rice, millet, mung bean, cowpea, peanut, jujube and other raw materials, porridge also contains radish, cabbage, vermicelli, kelp, tofu and so on.

Laba Festival is also known as Laba Festival, Laba Festival, the enlightenment day of maharaja or Buddha. It turns out that in ancient times, people celebrated the harvest and thanked their ancestors and gods (including door gods, household gods, house gods, kitchen gods and well gods). In addition to ancestor worship, people have to chase the epidemic. This activity originated from Nuo in ancient times (the ritual of exorcising ghosts and avoiding epidemics in ancient times). One of the prehistoric medical methods was to exorcise ghosts and treat diseases. As a witchcraft activity, Xinhua and other places in Hunan still retain the custom of beating drums to drive away epidemics in the twelfth lunar month. Later it evolved into a religious festival to commemorate the enlightenment of Buddha Sakyamuni. The Xia dynasty called Lari "Jiaping", the Shang dynasty called it "moss" and the Zhou dynasty called it "big wax". Because it is held in December, it is called the twelfth lunar month, and La Worship is called the twelfth lunar month. The twelfth lunar month in the pre-Qin period was the third day after the establishment of the winter solstice, and it was fixed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

"Shuowen" contains: "Three days after the winter, La Worship will be guarded by 100 gods." It can be seen that the third garrison day after the winter solstice is the twelfth month. Later, due to the intervention of Buddhism, the twelfth lunar month was changed to the eighth day of December, and it has since become a custom.

Why is it called "La" at the end of the year has three meanings: First, "La" means the alternation of old and new (recorded in Sui Shu etiquette); The second is "wax hunters hunt together", which means that hunting in the wild can make animals sacrifice their ancestors and gods. "wax" comes from "meat", which means meat for "winter sacrifice"; Thirdly, it is said that "those who wax the wax will drive away the epidemic and welcome the spring", and Laba Festival is also called "Buddhist Daoism Festival" and "Daoism Society". In fact, it can be said that the eighth day of December is the origin of Laba Festival. According to legend, Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism, practiced in the mountains and sat quietly for six years. He was so hungry that he wanted to give up the pain. He happened to meet a shepherdess and gave him chyle. After eating, he sat cross-legged under the bodhi tree, became a Buddha in early December, and held a "Buddhist Festival" to commemorate it. Believers in China are very devout, so they merged with "La Ri" to form the "Laba Festival" and held a grand ceremony.

[Edit this paragraph] Legend of Laba Festival

On Laba Festival, most people drink Laba porridge. There are many stories about the origin of drinking Laba porridge.

On the one hand, Laba porridge comes from India. The founder of Buddhism, Sakyamuni, was originally the son of Sudoku king in northern India (now Nepal). He saw that all beings were suffering physically and mentally, dissatisfied with the theocratic rule of Brahmins at that time, and gave up the throne and became a monk. After six years of asceticism, he became a Buddha under the bodhi tree on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In the past six years, I have only eaten one hemp and one meter a day. Later generations did not forget his sufferings and ate porridge as a souvenir on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month every year. "Laba" became "Buddha's Day". "Laba" is a grand festival of Buddhism. Before liberation, Buddhist temples all over the country held Buddhist baths and chanted scriptures, and imitated the legend that a herder offered chyle before Sakyamuni became a monk, and cooked fragrant cereal porridge to offer sacrifices to the Buddha, which was called "Laba porridge". Laba porridge was presented to disciples and kind men and women, and later became a folk custom. It is said that in some monasteries, before the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, monks would hold alms bowls along the street and cook the collected rice, chestnuts, dates, nuts and other materials into Laba porridge and distribute it to the poor. Legend has it that eating it can get the blessing of Buddha, so the poor call it "Buddha porridge". The poem of Lu You in the Southern Song Dynasty said: "Today, Buddha porridge is more mutually beneficial, and the opposite is Jiangcun Village." It is said that Tianning Temple, a famous temple in Hangzhou, has a "rice stack building" for storing leftovers. Usually, monks in the temple dry leftovers every day, accumulate a year's surplus grain, and cook laba porridge for believers on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. It is called "Fushou porridge" and "Fude porridge", which means that they can increase their happiness and longevity after eating them. It can be seen that the monks at that time cherished the virtue of food.

It is said that Laba Festival comes from the custom of "dressing up as a ghost with red beans". Legend has it that Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors in ancient times, turned his three sons into evil spirits after his death and came out to scare children. In ancient times, people generally believed in superstition and were afraid of ghosts and gods. They believe that adults and children suffer from strokes and poor health because of the spectre of epidemics. These evil spirits are fearless, only afraid of red (red) beans, so there is a saying that "red beans play ghosts." Therefore, on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, porridge is cooked with adzuki beans and adzuki beans to dispel the epidemic and welcome the auspicious.

It is said that when Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall, migrant workers from all over the country were ordered to come, and they could not go home for many years, so they relied on their families to deliver meals to them. Some migrant workers whose homes are separated by water in Qian Shan are unable to deliver meals, resulting in many migrant workers starving to death at the site of the Great Wall. One year, on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, migrant workers who had no food jointly accumulated a few handfuls of coarse grains, put them in a pot and cooked them into porridge. Everyone drank a bowl and finally starved to death under the Great Wall. In order to mourn the migrant workers who starved to death at the Great Wall site, people eat Laba porridge every year on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month as a memorial.

On the other hand, in the Western Jin Dynasty, there was a very lazy young man. He always idled around and ate nothing. His bride repeatedly advised him to be ineffective. However, by the eighth day of December at the end of the year, his family had stopped cooking and the young man was hungry. He searched the rice jars, flour bags, pots and pans at home, washed the leftover powder and edible leftovers into the pot and cooked a bowl of mushy porridge to drink. After that, he drank it. The local people take this opportunity to educate their children to cook porridge every Laba, which not only means that they will not forget the virtues of their ancestors' diligence and thrift on Laba, but also hopes that the gods will bring a good year of plenty of food and clothing.

On the one hand, Laba Festival originated from people's commemoration of loyal minister Yue Fei. At that time, Yue Fei led troops to resist gold in Zhuxian town, which was in the severe winter of September. Yue Jiajun had no food and clothing, was hungry and cold, and the people sent porridge one after another. Yue Jiajun had a hearty meal of "thousand porridge" sent by the people, and the result was a great victory. It was the eighth day of December. After Yue Fei's death, in order to commemorate him, people cooked porridge with miscellaneous grains and beans on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, which finally became a custom.

It is also said that Laba Festival originated in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. It is said that when Zhu Yuanzhang was in trouble and suffering in prison, he was cold and hungry. Zhu Yuanzhang actually found some seven or eight kinds of whole grains such as red beans, rice and red dates from the rat hole in prison. Zhu Yuanzhang cooked these things into porridge. Because it was the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, Zhu Yuanzhang called this pot of miscellaneous grains porridge Laba porridge. I enjoyed a delicious meal. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang pacified the world and became the emperor facing south. In order to commemorate that special day in prison, he designated it as Laba Festival and officially named the miscellaneous grains porridge he ate that day Laba porridge.

There are many records about the custom of Laba Festival in La Worship in ancient books: "The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is the twelfth lunar month. The villagers also beat drums and put on their heads as a powerful force to drive away the epidemic. " "La Worship" was originally a reward ceremony for primitive ancestors to celebrate agricultural harvest, and it was an important festival of farming culture. Ying Shao's "Custom Pass" said: "The Book of Rites": A wax hunter killed animals in order to sacrifice his ancestors. Or: "If you are a wax worker, you will receive it, and if you make new friends, you will be rewarded with a big sacrifice." Its origin is very early, and the Book of Rites, Suburb Sacrifice, records: "Yi Jia is a wax. Wax is also, cable is also, in December, everything is sought. " "Supplementary Biography of Historical Records and Huang San" also said: "Shennong in Yan Di took it as a field, so it was reported to heaven and earth as a wax sacrifice." Xia dynasty called it "Jiaping", Yin dynasty called it "Qingsi", Zhou dynasty called it "Big Wax" and Han dynasty changed it to "Wax". Sacrifice objects every eight times: increase God first? Shennong, Shen? Hou Ji, Saturnalia? The God of Celestial Officials, the God of Pillars? Founded the Tianlu Society, a person who opened the way for painting, a cat and tiger god, a square god dike and a water god? Ditches, insect gods. The twelfth lunar month festival in the pre-Qin period was held on the third day after the solstice, and was gradually fixed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month after the Northern and Southern Dynasties. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, this festival was painted with the color of Buddha. According to legend, before Sakyamuni became a Buddha, he never thought about asceticism and lost his head with hunger. A shepherdess saved her by mixing wild fruits with miscellaneous grains and cooking porridge with clear spring. Sakyamuni pondered under the bodhi tree and finally became a Buddha on1February 8. Since then, Buddhism has designated this day as "Buddhism and Taoism Day", and chanting to commemorate it has become a festival. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, worshipping gods and buddhas replaced ancestor worship, celebrating harvest and expelling epidemic disasters, which became the main theme of Laba Festival. Its holiday customs are mainly cooking, giving people away, tasting Laba porridge and holding a cool breeze. At the same time, many people have been eager to celebrate the Spring Festival since then, busy killing pigs, making tofu, making wind fish and bacon with glue, and purchasing new year's goods. The atmosphere of "Nian" gradually became stronger.

[Edit this paragraph] Food custom of Laba Festival

Laba porridge is also called "Qibao Wuwei porridge". China has a history of drinking Laba porridge for 1000 years. It first started in the Song Dynasty. On the day of Laba, whether it is the imperial court, the government, temples, or the people's homes, Laba porridge will be cooked. In the Qing Dynasty, the custom of drinking Laba porridge became more popular. At court, emperors, queens and princes give laba porridge to civil and military ministers and attendants, and distribute rice and fruit to monasteries for monks to eat. In the folk, every household should also make laba porridge to worship their ancestors; At the same time, family members get together for dinner and give gifts to relatives and friends. There are many kinds of Laba porridge in China. Among them, Beiping is the most exquisite, and there are many items mixed in white rice, such as red dates, lotus seeds, walnuts, chestnuts, almonds, pine nuts, longan, hazelnuts, grapes, ginkgo, water chestnut, moss, roses, red beans and peanuts. , a total of not less than twenty kinds. On the night of the seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, people began to get busy, washing rice, soaking fruits, peeling, removing stones and picking carefully, then cooking in the middle of the night and stewing with low fire until Laba porridge was cooked the next morning.

More sophisticated people should first carve fruits into human shapes, animals and patterns, and then cook them in a pot. More distinctive is to put "fruit lion" in Laba porridge. Fruit lion is a lion made of several kinds of fruits, with peeled and dried crisp dates as the lion's body, half walnut kernel as the lion's head, peach kernel as the lion's foot and sweet almond as the lion's tail. Then stick them together with sugar and put them in a porridge bowl, just like a little lion. If the bowl is bigger, you can put two lions or four little lions on it. More exquisite, it is made of jujube paste, red bean paste, yam, hawthorn cake and other foods in various colors, and kneaded into statues of the Eight Immortals, the birthday girl, Luohan and so on. This decorative Laba porridge can only be seen on the altar of a big temple in the past.

Here are some famous formulas:

The recipe recorded in "Chicken Ribs" reads: "On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in Ningzhou (now Fuxian County, Liaoning Province), people actually made rice porridge and painted it with colors such as forest chestnuts as flowers and birds, and even gave it a legacy."

The recipe recorded in Jin Ping Mei: "(Suzhou, Zhou) japonica rice with all kinds of hazelnuts, pine nuts, chestnuts, nuts, plum blossoms and white sugar to cook porridge."

The recipe recorded in the History of the Forbidden City in the Ming Dynasty: "A few days ago (in the Forbidden City in the Ming Dynasty), red dates were mashed and soaked, and on the eighth day of August, glutinous rice, ginkgo, walnut kernels, chestnuts and rice were added to cook porridge for the Buddha, and the cooked porridge was placed in the house, garden trees and well stoves."

The recipe recorded in Jia Qinglu: "(Suzhou) residents cook porridge with vegetables and fruits and mix it with Laba porridge; Or there are monks and nuns in debt, called Buddha porridge. "

The menu in A Dream of Red Mansions: colorful Mi Dou, five kinds of fruits and vegetables (red dates, chestnuts, peanuts, Mongolian medicine and taro).

In the Song Dynasty, Wu wrote Liang Lu's Dream for six years: "The eighth day, the temple name is Laba. Dasha Temple and other places have five-flavored porridge, which is called' Laba porridge'. " At this time, Laba porridge has become a folk custom, but at that time, the emperor also used it to win over all ministers. Guo Sun, a native of Yuan Dynasty, wrote a story about his visit to Yan Dou: "On December 8th, Guanbai porridge was sent, which was mixed with rice and fruit. More goods win, and this story follows the story of the Song Dynasty. " "Yongle Dadian" records that "it is the eighth day of the month, which the Zen family calls Laba Festival, and the porridge is cooked for the Buddha." On the eighth day of December, Qibao Five-flavor Porridge, or Laba Porridge, was sent to major monasteries in Kaifeng, Tokyo. According to Meng Yuanlao's "Dream of China in Tokyo", on the eighth day of December, monasteries sent seven treasures and five flavors porridge to their disciples, which was called Laba porridge, also known as Buddha porridge. Lu You, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, said in his poem: "Today, Buddhism and porridge help each other, thinking that there are new things in Jiangcun." It's also about Laba sending porridge. The Southern Song Dynasty scholar's "Old Wulin Stories" said: "Cooking porridge with walnuts, pine nuts, milk, persimmons and chestnuts is called Laba porridge."

In the third year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1725), Sejong changed the mansion east of imperial academy in Andingmen, Beijing into the Lama Temple. On Laba Festival, in Wanfuge and other places in the palace, Laba porridge is cooked in a pot, and monks are invited to recite scriptures, and then the porridge is distributed to palace ministers for tasting, so as to prepare for the festival. "Guangxu Shuntian Mansion Records" says: "On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, Yonghe officials cooked porridge, customized it, sent ministers to supervise it, and covered the rice." Laba porridge is also called "Qibao porridge" and "Wuwei porridge". The earliest Laba porridge was boiled with adzuki beans, which gradually enriched through evolution and local characteristics. Fuchadun, a Qing man, called Laba porridge "porridge cooked with yellow rice, white rice, glutinous rice, millet, water chestnut, peeled jujube paste, etc." And dyed with red peach kernels, almonds, melon seeds, peanuts, hazelnuts, pine nuts, white sugar, brown sugar and exotic grapes for external use. " Every seven days, you peel and wash the fruit and do it at night. At dawn, the porridge is cooked. In addition to offering sacrifices to the Buddha first, afternoon is not allowed. There are also red dates, peach kernels and so on. Be made into lions, children, etc. To see the ingenuity, it has Beijing characteristics.

Tianjin people cook Laba porridge, which is similar to Beijing's, including lotus seeds, lilies, pearl rice, Italian glutinous rice, barley kernels, sticky glutinous rice, sticky yellow rice, kidney beans, mung beans, longan meat, ginkgo, red dates, sweet-scented osmanthus in syrup and so on. They are all good in color, smell and taste. In recent years, black rice has been added. The Laba porridge can be used for dietotherapy, and has the effects of invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, invigorating qi, calming nerves, clearing away heart fire and nourishing blood.

Laba porridge in Shanxi, also known as eight-treasure porridge, is mainly millet, with cowpea, adzuki bean, mung bean, jujube, sticky yellow rice, rice and glutinous rice. In southeastern Shanxi, cooking porridge with water is also one of the eating customs. This kind of porridge is called fragrant rice, which means adzuki beans, red beans, cowpeas, sweet potatoes, peanuts, glutinous rice and persimmons on the fifth day of the twelfth lunar month.

On the day of Laba in the northern Shaanxi Plateau, besides all kinds of rice and beans, porridge is cooked with all kinds of dried fruits, tofu and meat. Usually cooked in the morning, sweet and salty, depending on people's tastes. If it is lunch, we should cook some noodles in porridge and have a reunion dinner. After eating, you should put porridge on the door, on the stove and on the trees outside the door to ward off evil spirits and avoid disasters, so as to welcome the next year's agricultural harvest. According to folklore, it is forbidden to eat vegetables on Laba, saying that there are many weeds in the field after eating Lai crops. Laba people in southern Shaanxi want to eat mixed porridge, which is divided into "five flavors" and "eight flavors" The former is cooked with rice, glutinous rice, peanuts, ginkgo and beans. The latter uses the above five raw materials to add diced meat, tofu, radish and seasonings. On Laba Festival, people not only eat Laba porridge, but also worship their ancestors and granaries with porridge.

Gansu people have traditionally cooked Laba porridge with whole grains and vegetables. After cooking, it is not only for family members to eat, but also distributed to neighbors to feed livestock. In Lanzhou and Baiyin urban areas, Laba porridge is made of rice, beans, red dates, ginkgo, lotus seeds, raisins, dried apricots, dried wax gourd, walnuts, shredded mung beans, sugar and diced meat. After cooking, it is first used to worship the door god, the kitchen god, the land god and the god of wealth, and pray for good weather and good harvests in the coming year; Then give it to the neighbors and give it to the last family. Wuwei, Gansu pays attention to "Sulaba", eating coarse rice, lentil rice or coarse rice, cooked with fried seeds and twist. Folk call it "bean porridge bubble".

People in Ningxia usually cook porridge with lentils, soybeans, adzuki beans, broad beans, black beans, rice and potatoes as laba rice, and then add wheat flour or buckwheat flour to cut into rhombic "ears" of willow leaves, or make it into "sparrow heads" of small round eggs, and then add chopped green onion oil to cook porridge. On this day, the whole family only eats laba rice, not vegetables.

Most people in Xining, Qinghai are Han people, but Laba doesn't eat porridge, but eats wheat kernel rice. Boil freshly ground wheat with beef and mutton, add green salt, ginger peel, pepper, tsaoko, Miao Xiang and other condiments, and after a night of slow fire, the meat and wheat merge into a milky white shape. Boil the pot in the morning, and the smell is fragrant.

Shandong's "Confucius Food System" stipulates that there are two kinds of "Laba porridge", one is made of rice kernels, longan, lotus seeds, lilies, chestnuts, red dates and japonica rice, and some "porridge fruits" are added to the bowl, mainly carved into fruits of various shapes for ornament. This kind of porridge is specially for Confucius' master and the master of the zodiac. The other is cooked with rice, sliced meat, cabbage and tofu. , is for the servants in Confucius.

People in Henan eat laba rice, which is made of eight kinds of raw materials, such as millet, mung bean, cowpea, wheat kernel, peanut, red dates and corn. When cooking, add some brown sugar and walnuts to make the porridge thick and fragrant, which means a bumper harvest in the coming year.

Eating Laba porridge in Jiangsu is divided into sweet and salty, and the cooking method is the same. It's just that salty porridge is served with vegetables and oil. Suzhou people cook Laba porridge with arrowheads, water chestnuts, walnuts, pine nuts, euryales, red dates, chestnuts, fungus, vegetables, Flammulina velutipes and so on. Li Fu, a scholar in Suzhou in the Qing Dynasty, once wrote a poem: "The porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month came from Brahma, and the seven treasures blended beautifully with mixed flavors."

Zhejiang people usually cook Laba porridge with walnut kernel, pine nuts, Gordon Euryale seeds, lotus seeds, red dates, longan meat and litchi meat. Sweet and delicious, pray for a long life. It is said that this method of cooking porridge came from Nanjing, which contains some legends.

There are many people in Sichuan. Laba porridge is made in a variety of ways, including sweet, salty and spicy, while rural people eat salty food, mainly soybeans, peanuts, diced meat, white radish and carrots. Strangers come here to taste, although do as the Romans do, but it is difficult to get used to it. Nowadays, many people in the city eat sweet porridge, which can be called unique flavor. Laba is closely related to porridge. Drinking porridge in Laba is also a fancy and a level.

The production method of Hebei Laba porridge: soak white beans in advance (it is best to use them the first night and then the next day) until they are fat; Blanch white lotus seeds with hot water, remove the green stones, put white beans and white beans in a boiling water pot for 20 minutes, then add rice, glutinous rice, wheat kernels, glutinous rice, jujube, Mi Dou and chestnuts to remove the hard shell and underwear. Wash the above raw materials, put them into a pot, add enough water, boil them with strong fire and simmer for 40 minutes until the porridge is thick and the dates are rotten. After the porridge is cooked, add honey osmanthus and brown sugar (or cook brown sugar into sugar juice before adding it to the porridge) and mix well.

From the nutritional efficacy, Laba porridge has the functions of invigorating spleen, stimulating appetite, invigorating qi, calming nerves, clearing heart fire and nourishing blood, and has the function of keeping out cold. It is a good tonic in winter and can be passed down from generation to generation.

Laba garlic [garlic pickled with Laba vinegar]

From the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month to the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the atmosphere of the New Year is getting worse every day. In most parts of northern China, the custom of soaking garlic with vinegar is called "Laba garlic".

According to the old man, the word "Laba garlic" is homophonic with the word "calculate". This is the day when all companies collect accounts and calculate the income and expenditure of this year. It can be seen that profits and losses, including foreign debts and foreign debts, must be accounted for on this day. This is how Laba Calculus works. On the day of Laba, the creditor who asked for debts would send a message to the family who owed him money, asking him to be ready to pay back the money. There is a folk proverb in Beijing: "Laba porridge, Laba garlic, the messenger who pays the bill;" Pay off the debt. "Later, if someone owed money to others, garlic was used instead of the word" calculate "to show taboo, and the word" calculate "was avoided. In fact, what is owed to others will be paid back after all. The New Year is coming in old Beijing. There are spicy dishes in the streets, but there is no one selling Laba garlic. Why is this? Think about it. Selling laba garlic has to be shouted. How come? Directly shout "Laba garlic!" The debtor's heart thumped when he heard the shouts. How come there are shouts of debt collection in the street! Besides, who are you talking to, a small businessman? It's good that people don't count with you, and Laba garlic can't shout in the streets. Each household makes laba garlic by itself, and calculates how to spend the year first.

To soak laba garlic, you have to use purple garlic and rice vinegar. Peel garlic cloves, soak them in rice vinegar, and put them in a small jar until New Year's Eve. Garlic cloves are bright green with the fragrance of garlic and spicy vinegar, which is the best seasoning for jiaozi. It can also be served with cold dishes, which has a unique taste.

Why do you have to soak Laba garlic in purple garlic? Purple garlic cloves are soaked thoroughly, garlic cloves are difficult to collapse, and garlic is crispy.

Why do you have to soak Laba garlic in rice vinegar? The color of rice vinegar is elegant, and the color of soaked garlic is the same as before, orange, yellow, green and green, with a sour taste and a rich and slightly sweet aroma. The color of garlic soaked in mature vinegar is black, the garlic cloves are not green enough, and the taste is poor, especially smoked vinegar, which is slightly burnt. Perhaps this is its characteristic.

Laba tofu

"Laba Tofu" is a folk specialty in Ganxian County, Anhui Province. Before Laba on the eve of the Spring Festival, that is, around the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, every household in Ganxian county will bask in tofu, which is called "Laba tofu" by the people.

Emerald Jasper Laba Garlic

Pickling Laba garlic is a custom in northern China, especially in the north. As the name implies, garlic is brewed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. In fact, the materials are very simple, namely vinegar and garlic cloves. The method is also extremely simple. Put the peeled garlic cloves in a sealable container, such as a jar or bottle, then pour in vinegar, seal the mouth and put it in a cold place. Slowly, the garlic soaked in vinegar will turn green, and finally the whole body will turn green, like jade and jasper.

Cook "five beans"

In some places, Laba porridge is not called Laba porridge, but called Wudou. Some are made on Laba Festival, and some are made on the fifth day of the twelfth lunar month. Some "sparrow heads" are also cooked with flour, rice and beans (five kinds of beans). It is said that Laba people eat "sparrow's head", and sparrows have a headache, which will not harm crops in the coming year. This kind of boiled "five beans" is not only for eating, but also for relatives and neighbors. When you eat it every day, heat it and eat it together until the 23 rd of the twelfth lunar month, which symbolizes more than a year.

Laba noodles

In some places in northern China where little or no rice is produced, people eat laba noodles instead of laba porridge. The next day, on the morning of the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family will eat Laba noodles.

Laba porridge pays attention to ingredients.

Now there are ready-made ingredients of Laba porridge in the supermarket, but you can also choose the ingredients of Laba porridge according to your eating habits and physical condition, and the cooked Laba porridge will be very unique.

The main raw material of "Laba porridge" is grain, and the commonly used ones are japonica rice, glutinous rice and coix seed. Japonica rice contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other ingredients, and has the functions of nourishing the middle warmer, nourishing the spleen and stomach, regulating the five internal organs, relieving vexation, quenching thirst and benefiting essence. Glutinous rice has the function of warming spleen and benefiting qi, which is suitable for people with low spleen and stomach function, and has certain auxiliary therapeutic effect on deficiency cold, diarrhea, thirst and dysuria. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that coix seed has the functions of invigorating spleen and lung, clearing away heat and infiltrating dampness, and it also has a good effect on chronic enteritis and dyspepsia if eaten regularly. Coix seed is rich in dietary fiber, which can prevent hyperlipidemia, hypertension, stroke and cardiovascular diseases.

Beans are the ingredients of Laba porridge, and soybeans and red beans are commonly used. Soybean contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and so on. It is rich in nutrition and has many health care functions, such as lowering blood cholesterol, preventing cardiovascular diseases, inhibiting various malignant tumors and preventing osteoporosis. Adzuki bean contains protein, fat, carbohydrate, crude fiber, calcium, phosphorus, iron, thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and so on. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this product has the functions of invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness, inducing diuresis and reducing swelling, and has certain auxiliary treatment effect on diarrhea and edema due to spleen deficiency.

The dietotherapy function of nuts in Laba porridge should not be underestimated. Peanuts and walnuts are indispensable raw materials. Peanut has the reputation of "longevity fruit", which has many functions, such as moistening lung, harmonizing stomach, relieving cough, diuresis and promoting lactation. Walnut kernel has the functions of tonifying kidney and benefiting qi, improving intelligence and strengthening brain, strengthening tendons and bones, stimulating appetite and blackening hair. Vitamin E contained in walnut kernel is an anti-aging drug recognized by medical circles.

If mutton, dog meat and chicken are added to Laba porridge, the nutritional and nourishing value of Laba porridge will double. For patients with hypertension, we might as well add some white radish and celery to the porridge. For patients who often suffer from insomnia, if we add some longan meat and Ziziphus jujuba seeds to the porridge, it will play a very good role in nourishing the heart and calming the nerves. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and Lycium barbarum Thunb. have the functions of prolonging life and assisting in regulating blood lipid, and are good dietotherapy products for the elderly. Oats can lower the concentration of cholesterol in the blood. Eating oats can slow down the rise of blood sugar, and adding oats to carbohydrate foods can inhibit the rise of blood sugar. Therefore, for diabetic patients and patients with diabetes complicated with cardiovascular diseases, it is appropriate to put some oats in porridge. Jujube is also a good food therapy for invigorating qi, nourishing blood and strengthening spleen, and has certain curative effect on spleen and stomach weakness, blood deficiency and sallow, lung deficiency and cough.

[Edit this paragraph] Laba verse

Laba Festival is an important traditional folk festival in China. In history, many writers and poets rushed to sing Laba Festival, leaving many well-known masterpieces.

Sleepwalking in the clear valley-the Shuicao Temple in Laba Festival is this thing.

The blood near Qingshui pond is phosphorus, and the horse outside Zhengyangmen is dust.

Just think that Shuiyue has no new hatred and is happy that an old friend has come to Yunshan.

Fine wax is not today, and leisure is like rebirth.

Self-injury, white hair, wandering, a petal of incense, a towel of tears.

Jin Peixiu-Dala

Pei Xiu, a well-known person in Hedong of Jin Dynasty, was moved by Wei, but it was not until the end of the twelfth lunar month that he wrote a poem "Dala": "The sun shines on the stars, and the road is Chen Si. The mysterious image is changed and the public is updated. One year later, Ba Wax reported diligence. Yihe is successful and young. Feng Xiao, introduction. If you report your diligence, your farm work will come back. After leaving me, Leo steamed Li. Li Xuan Mu, stained with violent muscles. Drink and worship it, and the four sides will come to Sui. Fill in the suburbs and get together. A patchwork of trade moves, flowers blossom and chase each other. Mix into a curtain, connect into a curtain. There is meat like a mound and wine like a spring. There are vegetables like forests and goods like mountains. Music attracts soil, and harmony is precious. Auspicious winds coordinate and fall during the day. The square corner is quiet, and it is another beautiful day. Travel with the people and enjoy a long life. " The poem describes a good year when La Worship offered sacrifices to the gods in ancient times, and reports to the gods that "one year's fortune is prosperous", thanking the gods for blessing all the best.

Celebrating longevity in Northern Qi Dynasty-Twelfth Moon Festival

The poem says: "The cold forces the worshipping, and there is a feast for peace. Stay in my heart to comfort the people of China. " It is written that the earth is cold and frozen, and in the middle of winter, people put meat and wine on the table to offer sacrifices to the gods, thank them for their blessing and express their long-standing love for God.

Tangdufulari

The poem reads: "La Ri is warm all year round, but this year it is completely frozen. The invasion of Ling Xue has returned the color of day lily, and the leakage of spring has become wicker. Indulge in good wine and good night, get drunk, and return to China for the first time. The oral fat powder is accompanied by grace, and the jade tube is full of silver. " As can be seen from the poem, the weather in previous years was still very cold, and the warmth was far from people. In those days, the climate was mild and the freezing completely disappeared. As soon as the poet was happy, he was ready to leave the DPRK and go home. He drank too much and didn't sleep well. But at this moment, he can't just walk away, because he is grateful to the emperor.

Song Lu Tour-1Walking in the West Village on February 8th.

The poem says: "The meaning of the wind and the twelfth lunar month is already in spring, and we have passed our neighbors because of scattered policies. In the desert of Chai Men, there are many cattle trails and wild seashores. The only thing many diseases need is medicine, and the poor objects are idle people. At present, Buddhism and porridge eat each other, making Jiangcun more frugal. " According to the poem, although it is the twelfth month of winter, it reveals beautiful spring scenery. In Chai Men, the grassland is barren, and there are many traces of cattle passing by the wild river. People give gifts to each other and eat Buddha porridge (Laba porridge) in Lari to feel the fresh breath.

Li Qingfu-Laba porridge

Lu of the Qing Dynasty quoted Li Fu's poem Laba porridge: "The porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month comes from Brahma. The seven treasures are beautifully blended and mixed. This is for Puyi, but also for merit. Monks and monks have done many good deeds, and their heels have added luster. This wind has not been removed, and the old times are still there. I still fed it this morning. I can't eat it if I sip this. My family lives in the south of the city, and there are two temples for the hungry. Men and women cried loudly, and the streets of young and old were crowded. The short slide of life, when Breezepelt burst. Those who were afraid covered their faces and walked, swallowing tears all the way. Ask me why you are crying, I have nothing to answer. Seeing this scene, I feel sad. There are two out of ten famine policies, and relief is the best policy. If the purse is not easy to break, the petty officials will do harm. Therefore, if there are difficulties in funding, Ann can give it to every household. I love charity, and a gentleman is in a hurry. I'm willing to borrow more millet and avoid food for life. Water under the bridge. Andy Budikin, take a stick and be merciful. Tired, yes, I hope to be honest. " This poem describes the origin and making method of Laba porridge in detail, and also reflects the scenes of famine, poor harvest, people starving and Buddhist temple porridge in the old society. The ideological content is extremely profound.

Qing Dao guang di-labazhou

In the Qing dynasty, the imperial court had the custom of sending porridge in Laba. Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty once wrote the poem Laba Porridge: "The early summer is sunny, and the mid-summer is heavy. Millet and porridge beans are cooked together. Present Buddha's arrow at the right time and sincerely wish the golden light shine on all beings silently. A few wisps of fragrance wafted, and piles of fruits and vegetables gathered in succession. * * * The shaman is the best, and the color of shaman is passed from the Lotus Torch to the Lotus Torch. The children are full and celebrate the peace of the country. They are still knocking on wax drums in the street. " It is conceivable that scattered Laba porridge and royal Laba porridge are bound to be crowded with people.

Xia Qing Ren Hu-Rabbah

The poem says: "Laba cooked a lot of porridge, and the minister sent a special mission to Yonghe. Shengci is also a Buddha today, and the second pot is presented. " The poem describes that when Laba arrives, every household in the folk will cook Laba porridge to eat, and the court is a living Buddha. He will also go to Yonghe Palace to cook porridge and worship Buddha, and distribute it to ministers, kings and ladies-in-waiting. According to documents, there were four cauldrons for cooking porridge in the Lama Temple in Qing Dynasty. The maximum diameter of the cauldron is 2m, and the depth is1.5m. It can hold several loads of rice. When cooking porridge, the first pot of porridge is given to the Buddha, the second pot of porridge is given to the empress dowager and her family, the third pot of porridge is given to the king and the young master, and the fourth pot of porridge is given to the Lama.

[Edit this paragraph] Folk customs of Laba Festival

Legend has it that "Laba Festival" originated in ancient La Worship. It is said that every year in the twelfth lunar month, the ancients held activities to worship ancestors and gods. According to religious circles, the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month is also the day when Buddha Sakyamuni achieved enlightenment, which was originally called "Enlightenment Day". Since the Zhou Dynasty, the twelfth lunar month has been designated as the twelfth lunar month. During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, this month, major sacrificial activities will be held to pray for a bumper harvest, good luck and peace. It is said that "La Worship" has eight kinds of gods, so it was decided that the eighth day was a fixed sacrifice day, which later became a custom.

There are many sayings and interesting allusions about the origin of Laba porridge. It is said that in order to commemorate the Buddha's 80% Daoism Day in the twelfth lunar month, monks from various monasteries gather together to commemorate and recite scriptures on this day. Rice, wheat, beans, whole grains, and collected dried fruits such as dates, chestnuts, and walnuts are gathered together and cooked in a cauldron as a sacrifice to the Buddha, and then all monks enjoy the fruits of monasticism. In the case of pilgrimage, temples give alms with porridge. Later, this move gradually became a good thing and has been passed down to this day. With the continuous spread of Buddhism, this activity spread from temples to secular people, and cooking Laba porridge gradually evolved into a folk custom. In the Song Dynasty, "Laba porridge" was widely popular. Whether it is the imperial court, the government, the people or even temples, they will cook porridge on this day to worship Buddha and ancestors, for family reunion, or as gifts to friends, in order to pray for Geely's peace. "Laba Festival" has not only become an important traditional folk festival, but also the folk custom of drinking Laba porridge has been passed down from generation to generation.