What's remarkable about Qian Weichang's study career?

Qian Weichang's extraordinary school life.

Qian Weichang's legendary life is the epitome of the hopes and struggles of a generation of China scholars.

193 1 In September, Tsinghua University enrolled a group of new students, including a scrawny Wuxi native who wore glasses. The new student got full marks in composition and history, but almost zero in science. He is Qian Weichang who later became the father of modern mechanics in China. When Tsinghua enrolled students, the essay topic was Sleepwalking in Tsinghua Campus, and Qian Weichang wrote a 450-word fu. If the teacher wants to change, he can only get full marks. The history exam is even stranger, requiring the author, annotator and volume number of the twenty-four histories. Many candidates lamented the question, but Qian Weichang got a perfect answer. It's not surprising that Qian Weichang's liberal arts is good. His father and grandfather are both teachers, and his fourth uncle is a famous liberal arts scholar Qian Mu. The literature and history teacher in his middle school is Lv Shuxiang, a linguist. Qian Weichang grew up reading ancient books. At the age of ten, he could recite The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. And Qian Weichang, who is 19 years old, is a mess in mathematics and physics. He only got 5 points in physics, 20 points in mathematics and chemistry, and 0 points in English because he had never studied it.

However, it is such a student who is extremely gifted in literature and history, but extremely "poor" in mathematics and physics, but he made a bold decision overnight-abandoning literature and reasoning. This decision was made because of the "September 18th Incident" that shocked China and foreign countries on September 193 1. Qian Weichang was very angry after hearing the news. He said, I'm not studying history. I'm going to learn to build airplanes and cannons. He decided to turn to physics to revitalize China's military. So, Qian Weichang went to the head of the physics department, Wu, for several times. Mr. Wu was moved by the young man's patriotic enthusiasm and promised to give him a one-year probation period. In order to catch up with the course as soon as possible, Qian Weichang commutes between the dormitory, the classroom and the library, getting up early and working very hard. He overcame the difficulty of listening to lectures and reading in English. A year later, his math and science courses exceeded 70 points. Four years later, he became an excellent student. As he used to say later, "I never believe in' genius', only believe that human talent is cultivated by hard work. Only by working hard can you learn something. "

1940 1 Qian Weichang was admitted to the University of Toronto as a public student by the China-Britain Geng Association. Qian Weichang's extraordinary study career reading answer-Qian Weichang's extraordinary study career reading answer-. When Qian Weichang and his tutor Professor Xinji interviewed for the first time, they found that they were both studying the theory of plate and shell, so both teachers and students began to chew this hard bone together. Indeed, the eigentheory of plates and shells is a big problem, but it is of great practical value. In aviation and navigation engineering, weapons and equipment, instruments and various engineering facilities, plates and shells can be seen everywhere. Over the years, scholars of various schools have used different equations to describe various plates and shells. Qian Weichang believes that they should be internally related and it is necessary to unify them. So he began to seek this connection with sleepless nights. After more than half a year's efforts, he finally established the basic theory of plates and shells with rigorous and simple tensor analysis as the basic tool, classified the original arguments, refined the essential core content and found a unified set of equations.

At the same time, Professor Xin Ji got a similar result in another way. 194 1 year, they jointly wrote a famous paper, Intrinsic Theory of Elastic Plates and Shells, which was praised and quoted many times. This paper was published in the 60th birthday collection of Von Carmen, the father of missiles in the world. Most of the authors of this collection were world-class scientists at that time. Qian Weichang, 28, is the youngest scholar among the authors of this collection and the only one from China. Einstein also sighed heartily after reading it, saying that this young man from China has solved the problem that has puzzled me for many years. This article established Qian Weichang's position in the American scientific community.

After receiving his Ph.D. from 65438 to 0942, Qian Weichang was specially recommended by Professor Xinji to do postdoctoral research in the California Institute of Technology where Von Carmen was located. Due to the need of the anti-fascist war, the United States was stepping up its research on rockets and missiles at that time, and it became a top priority to accurately calculate the trajectories of rockets and missiles. Qian Weichang has shouldered this heavy responsibility. He often went to the White Sands base of the Jet Propulsion Research Institute in Mexico to participate in rocket tests, made a detailed analysis of the ballistic and aerodynamic performance of various types of missiles, wrote many confidential internal reports, and put forward the theory about the impact point of rockets and missiles. In World War II, London was attacked by German missiles. British Prime Minister Churchill was very anxious and asked the United States for help. The question turned to von Carmen. Qian Weichang put forward a plan to jam the running missile and force it to reduce its range, which was immediately adopted. Therefore, although the East London Pier was destroyed by German missiles in the war, the city center was safe and sound. Churchill mentioned this in his memoirs, saying that young people in the United States are very powerful, but in fact, it should be said that young people in China are very powerful!

Just as Qian Weichang's career in the United States was in full swing, he chose to return to China. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory made him eager to return to China. Qian Weichang's extraordinary study career reading answer-article Qian Weichang's extraordinary study career reading answer-from/article/1415793650836.html Reprinted please keep this link! . He repeatedly asked von Carmen to return to China. But von Carmen never nodded. Qian Weichang finally asked to go back to China to visit relatives on the grounds that he missed his family and would never see his 6-year-old child again. On May 6th, 1946, Qian Weichang returned home from LA by boat, with only simple luggage and some necessary books. He is 34 years old. (Excerpted from Dai Shiqiang's Biography of Qian Weichang)

(1) The following analysis and summary of biographies, the two most appropriate ones are () (5 points).

A. Qian Weichang got full marks in composition and history in the entrance examination in Tsinghua, because Qian Weichang was extremely gifted and influenced by a good family environment, and grew up reading ancient books.

B After the "September 18th Incident", Qian Weichang gave up literature, studied very hard, and finally became an excellent science graduate, which fully explained the truth that only hard work can make a difference, and only hard work can make a difference.

C. During his study in the University of Toronto, Qian Weichang finally established the basic theory of plates and shells on the basis of previous studies, and his research process and achievements were similar to those of his tutor Xin Ji.

D due to the need of the anti-fascist war, Qian Weichang mainly engaged in the research of rockets and missiles at California institute of technology. His advice helped London avoid being destroyed by German missiles in World War II.

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E. This paper describes Qian Weichang's outstanding achievements in learning and scientific research in his youth in easy-to-understand language, shows his extraordinary growth process, and shapes a respectable scientist image.

(2) What aspects of Qian Weichang are mainly recalled in the article? Please summarize it briefly. (6 points)

(3) What means does the article mainly use to express the image of Qian Weichang? Please analyze (6 points)

(4) Choose a topic between "genius" and "patriotism" and talk about your views in combination with the text and practice (8 points).

Answer: B3 E2 A 1 (A The reasons are incomplete, and it should also include meeting good teachers at school. Professor C Xinji got a similar result through "another way". D "Free from German missiles" is inconsistent with the original content.

(2)① patriotic feelings. After the "September 18th Incident", he decided to abandon Wen and revitalize the national army from within. When he had the greatest power abroad, he chose to return to China to serve his country. Study hard and work hard. Get up early and come home late to overcome the difficulties in English and reading, and make yourself an excellent student; I forgot to eat and sleep in scientific research, and used a few feet of draft paper. 3 outstanding talent. Admitted to Tsinghua, he has a profound literary foundation; The published papers are well received by the scientific community; Put forward a plan to jam the missile, force it to narrow its range, and make central London safe and sound. (2 points for each point, 3.6 points for the answer)

(3) There are mainly positive descriptions and side descriptions.

Positive description: ① Excellent performance in Tsinghua; (2) abandon the article and serve the country from the inside; (3) Diligent in experimental research and achieved great results. 4 resolutely return to China and serve the country.

Description: ① The teacher can't change Qian Weichang's composition, but can only give full marks, which highlights Qian Weichang's good literary skills. (2) Many candidates lamented the history examination questions, but Qian Weichang answered them, which highlighted the richness of historical knowledge. Singer obtained similar results in another way, which highlighted Qian Weichang's strength in plate and shell theory. Einstein sighed after reading the paper, which highlighted Qian Weichang's scientific research ability. (5) Churchill praised in his memoirs, highlighting Qian Weichang's contribution in the anti-fascist war.

(4) Viewpoint 1: Genius

After becoming an excellent student, Qian Weichang said, "I never believe in' genius', only believe that human talent is cultivated by hard work. Only by working hard can you learn something. "

If you want to succeed, you need to redouble your efforts to realize your bright future through hard work and diligence. Diligence is the guarantee of success. Whether Qian Weichang transferred to the Department of Physics or went abroad to study, he got it through down-to-earth and hard work. In reality, we can't fully believe the theory of genius. We should make clear the direction of our efforts and rely on our own efforts to realize our ideals.

Viewpoint 2: Patriotism

Qian Weichang abandoned literature and reason because he wanted to revitalize the motherland and resist foreign aggression through science and technology. This lofty patriotic ideal prompted him to overcome many difficulties in his studies and achieve success. This lofty ideal is the driving force for success. When the country needed him, he chose to go back to work. It is this patriotism that promotes his personality sublimation and a major breakthrough in scientific research. In reality, we should also be clear about our learning purpose, have patriotic enthusiasm and persistent pursuit of our cause, so as to urge ourselves to constantly surpass our predecessors.