I want to know what folk customs we have in Yantai.

Yantai, a beautiful coastal city in the east of China.

Yantai was founded more than 600 years ago during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty in China, and was named after the beacon tower. There are not only beautiful mountain and sea scenery, rich seafood and fruit resources, but also unique culture and simple folk customs.

Laizhou dough sculpture-Donghai Longwang

Take folk handicrafts as an example. Yantai's net buckle embroidery, velvet embroidery, dough sculpture, straw weaving and paper cutting all have strong local characteristics. In today's program, we will introduce Yantai's folk craft-"Laizhou dough sculpture".

"This is a folk custom. It is done during the New Year, when you get married, when you are on the beam (building a new house), and after a hundred days, the children will do it."

There is such a beautiful and touching myth and legend circulating locally.

According to legend, a long time ago, on the third day of the third lunar month in China, the heavenly queen held a flat peach banquet and invited immortals from all walks of life to celebrate their birthdays. Magu, a fairy who lives on Kunyu Mountain in Yantai, also received an invitation from the heavenly queen. The news that Ma Gu was going to the Western Heaven to celebrate the Queen Mother's birthday soon reached the foot of the mountain. In order to thank Magu for her kindness, they think Magu must bring some rare gifts to her birthday this time, so as to open the eyes of the gods, make the Queen Mother of the Western Heaven happy and make Yantai people around Kunyu Mountain have aspirations. So they ground the best white flour, made one big peach after another, and Ma Gu took it to the Queen Mother of the West. Magu was moved by people's hospitality. After she accepted it, she mounted various designs on the peach, took the Ganoderma lucidum wine produced in Kunyu Mountain, Yantai, and drove Xiangyun to the Western Heaven for dinner. The Queen Mother of the Western King was very surprised and happy when she saw the gifts brought by Magu, so she asked Magu to bring back all kinds of exotic flowers, plants and animals in the sky. Since then, Yantai has become a treasure trove of geomantic omen. In order to commemorate Ma Gu, Yantai people gradually formed the custom of making dough sculptures.

In fact, Yantai Laizhou dough sculpture originated from ancient sacrificial activities. The ancients revered immortals. They regarded their ancestors as gods and made dough sculptures as offerings. They go to Donglai Mountain in Yantai to worship God every year. According to Historical Records, Qin Shihuang came to Zhifu Island in Yantai three times in history to offer sacrifices to the gods. It is the first time in Yantai that cattle, sheep and pigs made of wheat flour are used as sacrificial offerings. Later, Yantai folk also imitated the use of cattle, sheep, pigs and other animals to worship their ancestors. Later, dough figurines were used in different occasions and gradually evolved into a local folk custom.

"Married a jujube flower, a set of a set. This is a pair of mandarin ducks, a pair of fish, this is a pair of wealth, this is the Chinese knot ┄ ┄ "

Laizhou dough sculpture-lion

In the rural areas of Laizhou, Yantai, there are a wide range of themes for making dough sculptures, including New Year greetings, weddings, full moons for a hundred years, good luck and so on. For example, when you get married, you should make pairs of dough sculptures symbolizing happiness, such as mandarin ducks, carp and Chinese knots. When the child is born for one month, the mother must take it to her grandmother's house, make a pair of dough sculptures called "Longsui (years old)", and put them in the child's arms when going out to take a long life.

"Dough is made of wheat flour, and water is ordinary water. Put the yeast dough aside. The color matching is deep and shallow, and you will have an experience when you grow up. "

The production of dough sculpture combines sculpture and painting, and the production process is divided into two parts, one is molding and the other is painting. Sun explained to us that when they make dough sculptures, they first mix wheat flour with proper amount of sugar to make dough, then mix them after fermentation, knead and overlap them to make figures, flowers and birds, animals, fish and insects, auspicious patterns, opera figures, etc., and then cut, point and knead them with tools to make their characteristics stand out, and then steam them before coloring them.

It is understood that the process of the picture group can best reflect the artistic level of the producer, and the patterns drawn by high-level people are lifelike, which can cover up the shortcomings in the steaming process. Most rural women in Laizhou, Yantai have no professional art skills. They draw pictures on people, relying on their own inspiration and understanding.

"The beam is opened, and our position is to be a big' sacred insect'. This is Panlong. If you do, first make these small (parts), then make a big (part), then make a plate, and then put (the dragon's) body and head on the body. "

"Holy pet" is a snake-like animal in China's legend, but it doesn't exist. In the rural areas of Laizhou, Yantai, it was first used to worship ancestors, and it was generally put in a grain depot, indicating that the harvested grain could not be eaten. Now, as a symbol of celebration, it is widely used in China New Year and moving to a new house. Laizhou has a legend about the origin of "sacred insects".

It is said that once upon a time, there was a family in Laizhou village who married a daughter-in-law in the cold winter. The family lived a relatively rich life, and invited eight strong men to carry eight carts to pick up the bride. It snowed heavily this day and it was very cold. On the road, there is a god bug shivering with cold. When the bride saw that it was pitifully cold, she picked it up and hid it in her arms to keep warm. However, the sedan chair became heavier and heavier on the road. Eight strong men managed to replace the left shoulder with the right shoulder and finally carried the sedan chair back to the groom's house. Everyone happily welcomed the new wife into the new house. The bride thought about the bugs in her arms and asked her mother-in-law where the grain shop was. Mother-in-law is happy, thinking that the new daughter-in-law can keep the house, so she leads the daughters-in-law around one by one, while the new daughter-in-law quietly puts the bugs hidden in her arms into the grain depot. A few days after marriage, the new wife has been thinking about bugs. One day, the new wife came to the granary with her mother-in-law, opened the granary and saw that the worm was alive and well. The new wife persuaded her mother-in-law to open the warehouse for three days to help the people in the village and let them get as much food as possible from the granary. The whole village was overjoyed, carrying the burden and pushing the donkey with the car. It was very lively. Three days later, the new wife led her mother-in-law to the granary, but the grain in the granary did not decrease at all. It is said that this was done by a genius in order to repay the new wife for saving her life. From then on, in order to commemorate this kind of insect, and also for good harvest and good weather, people made them look like insects with flour, put them in grain depots, and offered sacrifices at weddings, Spring Festival and other festive occasions, and called them "climbing insects". The word "saint" is the rise of "sheng", some of which are called "holy insects", and the word "saint" is the saint of "saints"; Others are called "leftover worms", and the word "leftover" means "leftover", which means that food is Man Cang and life is rich.

A large-scale' Shengchong' dough figurine weighs twenty or thirty Jin, so it is not an easy task to make it. First of all, pay attention to the hardness of dough, so that the ribbed surface is easy to form; Then, separate the main parts of the big' sacred insect' body, so that the' sacred insect' is combined carefully and beautifully; Finally, when steaming in the pot, the main parts of the big' holy insect' body should be steamed step by step, and then combined with bamboo sticks.

In fact, the production of "Shengchong" dough figurines is only a microcosm of the production process of all Laizhou dough figurines. "Shoutao", carp, Fugui (Chinese knot) and lion's head in Laizhou dough sculpture are all works of art that strive for perfection.

Laizhou dough sculpture-lion head

Laizhou dough figurines were originally edible sacrificial articles, but with the progress of China society, new progress has been made, that is, in addition to the traditional festivals in China, more times have been made, and the theme content is no longer limited to the traditional content.

Wine is not afraid of the deep alley! Laizhou dough sculpture combines practicality and appreciation, and its unique artistic value makes it out of the farmhouse. In September 2006, Laizhou Miansu participated in the 2nd China International Food Festival held in Yantai, and won the "Best Booth Award" in one fell swoop.

Laizhou dough sculpture is a kind of green food. Simple formula, no additives, rich nutrition and no harmful ingredients; Exquisite workmanship, white appearance, delicate and smooth, sweet taste. Every dough sculpture shows the ingenuity and the pursuit of beauty of an ingenious peasant woman, which can be called "a unique skill in China". It not only has great influence in China, but also attracts the attention of overseas friends.

"China Stone Exhibition was held in Laizhou in 2002, when Laizhou dough sculpture and stone were exhibited together. During the exhibition, friends from all over the world saw that our dough sculptures were well made and stayed there. At that time, the leaders of Laizhou municipal government saw that so many overseas people liked Laizhou noodles and gave them as a friendly gift from Laizhou. "

In fact, dough sculpture is a widely spread traditional handicraft in China.

It is precisely because of the excellent quality and unique artistic value of Laizhou dough sculpture that it was awarded the title of "Shandong Famous Brand Product" by China Shandong Cuisine Association in 2007 1 month. Laizhou dough sculpture has also embarked on the road of brand development. Here we also wish this wonderful work of Yantai folk art a better and better tomorrow!

Yantai Folk Custom-Tang Hao Seal

In the past, the custom of giving a family a house number was very popular everywhere. In Yantai, this custom was once very popular, and almost all slightly wealthy families had to give a hall number.

Is the pursuit of elegance, but not just the pursuit of elegance. It has more connection with the extended family system in old China. At that time, people paid special attention to such big families as "four generations under one roof" and "five generations under one roof". An ordinary family can only be run and made famous by parents who are in charge of housework. The heads of large families are often middle-aged people in their prime, which makes parents inconsistent with the most respected old people in the family, and also makes everyone's foreign affairs lose continuity because of the replacement of parents. The solution to these problems is to have a hall number representing the family. With Tang numbers, the family can be passed down from generation to generation, so the family's reputation can last for a long time, and the family's foreign affairs will have continuity. Please ask the famous local literati to name it to show elegance and auspiciousness. When I was a child, there were "Jian Gu Tang", "An Shu Tang", "Fu Ji Tang" and "Song Yin Tang" in the village. However, only the hall numbers of large families can be popular in the village. Although ordinary people have hall numbers, everyone still calls them by their first names, and the host can't help it.

With the hall number, the host will make it stand out with care, make a big plaque to hang in the guest house, or even hang it on the running board of the gate. It's really imposing. He'll let everyone know. On New Year's Day and festive days at home, a lamp is hung in front of the door with the hall number written on it. When traveling at night, you can see the hall number from a distance on the lantern. As for writing the hall number on pockets, wallets, carts and farm tools, although it marks everything, it also means publicity of reputation.

After having a hall number, it is often engraved with a hall number seal, and some of them are also engraved with several seals of different sizes and shapes. Each seal has its own purpose and becomes a statute. The seal of the hall number can be used as a voucher for contracts and receipts, and can also be used as a seal for letters and invitations. Some big seals can also be printed on account books and other places for identification. Now the hall number has become history, and the seal of the hall number has become a selling point on the second-hand stall. I got several copies there, one printed with "The Story of the Ancient Hall" and the other printed with "Nine Lines Hall". The former may be printed on invitations, while the latter is used in places such as receipts. Tang seal is also a footprint in the history of local culture.

Coastal fishermen have the custom of offering sacrifices to the dragon king and the sea god. Every festival and before going out to sea, they will arrange offerings, light incense and burn paper to pray for peace.

When a new ship disembarks, the owner chooses "auspicious day on the ecliptic", paints the bow, hangs a red flag on the mast, arranges offerings, lights candles, burns incense paper, sets off firecrackers and presents gifts. The shipowner used cinnabar pen to make the finishing touch and light up the new ship. Shouting "bon voyage" and "everything goes well", send the ship to sea.

Before going out to sea to fish, hold sacrifices and sing songs.

Firecrackers, incense paper, gongs and drums, pray for peace. On the first and fifteenth day of every year, fishermen's homes belong to the seaside, praying for their loved ones. When the fishing boat comes back with a full load, it will hang a "cloth sign" on the mast to report the good news to the villagers, and the villagers will go aboard to congratulate them.

Yantai Changyu Group Co., Ltd. was founded in 1892 by Zhang Bishi, a patriotic overseas Chinese in modern China, and has a history of more than 100 years. She is the first industrialized wine producer in China and the largest wine producer in China and even Asia. The group company is a national super-large (1) enterprise with more than 4,000 employees, with total assets of 2.29 billion yuan and net assets of 65.438+0.48 billion yuan. Its main products include wine, brandy, champagne, health wine, Chinese patent medicine, grain wine, mineral water and glass bottles, with an annual production capacity of over 80,000 tons. Products sell well all over the country and are exported to Malaysia, the United States, the Netherlands and other countries.

Shandong's folk culture is extensive and profound, full of life, culture and regional colors! Hard-working and kind Jiaodong people are simple and kind. Whenever guests come, they will be warmly treated! Although it can't be delicious, it can be poured out!

Yantai Folk Custom-Tian Xi

Yantai has a long history and a long culture. In the long history of thousands of years, the ancestors living in this hot land have created many folk customs with clear themes, concise contents, easy learning and popularization. Culturally, there are dry boat running, donkey running, walking on stilts, dragon dancing, Jiaodong yangko and so on. Daily customs such as Lantern Festival, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Double Ninth Festival, Spring Festival, etc.

When the baby was born, Shandong was commonly known as "Tian". Hang a piece of red cloth, red dates, chestnuts, peanuts and other things at the door. Mark Tian Xi.

It is an important part of fertility custom to report good news to one's parents. In the past, people with status sent servants and ordinary people sent brothers, but now most of them are sons-in-law who go in person. Generally, there will be good news on the third day, the same day or the next day of the baby's birth.

In the old society, boys born in Jiaoxian reported good news on the third day and girls reported good news on the sixth day. Take 20 steamed buns 1 kg when you go, and your mother's family must leave them all, otherwise the children will be difficult to raise; Niangjiahui 19 eggs, 4 bowls of millet. The first person you meet on the road wants to give the red egg, which is called "everyone loves you".

In Penglai county, boys bring roosters to report good news, while girls use hens to report good news.

The boy in Zouxian reported the good news with a book and the girl reported the good news with a flower. In addition, "happy eggs", that is, eggs dyed red, are sent to neighbors and relatives. The bride's family, relatives and neighbors all come to congratulate the New Year, which is called "sending porridge to rice" or "sending Tommy".

Usually, relatives, friends and neighbors will send some eggs, flour, millet, snacks and other gifts to the pregnant women after seeing the red picks or receiving happy smiles. In the past, this was not only a human emotion, but also a nature to help neighbors. In some places, the host family will give back a few red eggs to show their gratitude. In the future, the baby will have different celebrations for one month, one hundred years old (one hundred days) and one year old.

Besides national traditional festivals, there are many local traditional or trendy festivals in Yantai.

Yuhuangding Temple Fair The 19th day of the first lunar month is the birthday of the Jade Emperor. On this day, there was an endless stream of good men and women who came to Yuhuangding Park to pray for the blessing of the Jade Emperor. Beijing opera performances, yangko, folk handicrafts and local snacks are fascinating.

On the third day of the third lunar month, pear blossoms in Tashan are in full bloom, and all the mountains are white. In addition, there is a Taiping Temple on the top of the mountain, where Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are integrated. So far, there are many prayers, and over time, a mountain meeting has been formed. At that time, dragon lanterns, lion dances, local opera performances and cockfighting performances will be staged one after another. The mountain will last about a week.

Laiyang Pear Flower Festival Laiyang is rich in pears, which is world-famous and is known as the "pear town". In the pear town in April, pear blossoms are like white snow, curling smoke, strolling among pear trees and wandering under them, which makes people relaxed and happy. At the Pear Blossom Festival held on April 20th every year, please enjoy the scenery of "a thousand pear blossoms, a stream of willows and a stream of cigarettes".

Laizhou Rose Festival Laizhou is the hometown of roses in China, and May 25th is the "Laizhou Rose Festival" every year. At this time, it is the season when Chinese rose flowers are in full bloom. The city is full of colorful flowers, which is refreshing. Welcome to this beautiful world, the ocean of flowers.

APEC Conference APEC is the abbreviation of the full English name of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, and it is one of the most important international multilateral economic cooperation organizations in which the China government participates. June 1997 Yantai successfully held the second APEC International Trade Expo, welcoming the business flow, logistics and passenger flow of APEC 18 members and relevant international and regional countries. 1998 10 Yantai once again hosted the second APEC SME technology exchange and exhibition on behalf of the country. This technical exchange and exhibition is the first large-scale international conference on small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Yantai is being presented to the world with a brand-new attitude of "Emerging Asia-Pacific Trade City".