An answer to why Japan is called "Japanese slave".

According to records, Japan had contact with China in the pre-Qin period, and it was often called "Japan" in the records.

When I became king, I always paid tribute to the Japanese.

Shan Hai Jing Hai Nei Bei Jing: "Gaiguo is in the south of Juyan and in the north of Japan. Japan is a swallow "(Guo Pu's note:" Japan is taking the East China Sea, with women as the mainstay ").

In the Han Dynasty, the full name of "Japanese slave" was translated as:

"A Brief History of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty", "The first month of the second year of the Central Plains ... Japanese slave owners sent envoys to present".

Biography of Dongyi also records that "in the second year of Jianwu Central Plains, the slave country paid tribute, and ... Guangwu gave it a seal".

1784, the gold seal of "Han Wei Wang Nu" was unearthed in Nozaki, Shiga Island, Chungu Prefecture, Kyushu, which confirmed that this record is completely conclusive.

In the past, some Japanese scholars denied that the Japanese king paid tribute to China, so Jimmy Miyake insisted on reading the "slave country" of the golden seal as the "slave country" of Japan, saying that it was only a small country to which Japan belonged. I didn't know that the golden seal was the highest courtesy granted to friendly landlords by the Han Dynasty. Is it easy to get? It would be too chaotic to look at the court of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty. At that time, the slightly smaller countries were mostly silver seals, while the barbarians were bronze seals. This seal

There are three lines printed on the golden snake button: "Han-slave-king". Only the gold seal of "Yunnan Wang Yin" unearthed from the Western Han Tomb in Jinning, Yunnan can be compared. Historical Records Biography of Southwest Yi also records that Yuan Feng sent troops from Bashu to Yunnan in two years, and the king of Yunnan surrendered to the whole country, "giving Wang Yin, the king of Yunnan, to restore his people. Southwest Yijun is more than a hundred years long, and Yelang Yunnan is alone in Wang Yin. " .

As for the etymology of "Japanese slave", Chinese characters such as "Japanese slave is suitable for appearance" or "Japanese slave is short" are used to express the meaning (jade "Japanese slave is suitable for appearance; Wu Heche, country name ". The voice is different). The golden seal given by Emperor Guangwu as a "slave" has indicated that it can only be transliterated and must claim to be himself. There is a good tradition among ancient historians in China that all the names of Yidi should be named after their owners, not to mention the country names. Besides, what's the reason why the gold seal shown to friendly countries doesn't use its original name?

Japanese scholars Nai Tojiro and Inaba Junshan said that "Tuonu" came from Yamato Jidu (Ma Weiya, Yama Province, near wa). However, Yamato should be interpreted as "Yama (Mountain) -to (Gate)" in the Biography of the Later Han Dynasty, which means that "Japanese people live on mountain islands in the southeast sea of Korea, where there are more than 100 countries, ... their great Japanese king lives in evil Matai", and its meaning is obvious.

However, the pronunciation of "Japanese slave" was *'ol-na in the pre-Qin Dynasty and *'oi-na in the Han Dynasty (so Japanese slave can be written as "trusting slave"), which is far from the pronunciation of Yamato (saying that "Japanese slave" reads wa and "slave" reads do).

It is based on the voice of the Tang Dynasty, not the voice of the Han Dynasty. Although the Japanese pronunciation of "slave" is similar to "to", it actually comes from Chang 'an pronunciation in the middle of Tang Dynasty. How to use it to explain the translation of names in Han Dynasty? )

The History of the Development of Sino-Japanese Relations published by the Society of Kloc-0/938 in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War in 2000 in Li Ji devoted 54 pages in the first chapter to the issue of "Japanese appellations of past dynasties", arguing that "Japanese slaves" came from the transliteration of the Ainu people, a Japanese aborigine. It is said that Huang Zunxian's Japanese Miscellaneous Works once said that "Japanese natives are Xiayi people, and Japan is called Mao people (also known as slaves)". However, Mr. Huang and Mr. Li Er are not familiar with the ancient sound, and both argue that they read Slave according to the present pronunciation of "Slave" (slave in the Six Dynasties).

After nothing, change Nuo, after the middle Tang Dynasty.

After Cao Wei replaced the Han Dynasty, he still awarded the Japanese king with the golden seal, renamed it "the pro-Wei King of Japan", and pointed out that the Japanese king was the queen of Ji Mizi. In June of the second year of Ming Di (the third year of Liang Shu), "The Empress of Japan sent doctors to Misheng and other counties to ask the emperor for gifts." /kloc-in October/February, an imperial edict was sent to Japanese empress Ji Miko, saying, "You are now a pro-Wei king of Japan, and you are a fake gold seal purple ribbon" (based on this, a rubbings of Xuanhe Collection of Ancient Indian History was printed and included in Japan's Good Ancient Japan Records). Biographies record in great detail the vassal states inside and outside Japan, all centering on the "Queen Country", saying that the Queen Country is the same as Japan. It is said that the evil country of Mayi [Taiwan] is the "capital of the queen", and the legend of Dongyi in the later Han Dynasty is that "the great Japanese king lives in the evil country of Mayi", which also shows that the queen is the great Japanese king.

Ji Yun Wu Heche: "Japan, the name of the queen, is in the East China Sea." In the Tang Dynasty, Japanese eminent monks often lived in the newly written mirror: "Japan is the queen country of the East China Sea", which also means that "Japan" means that the queen country has no objection, which is the same as Guo Pu's annotation in Shan Hai Jing that "Japan is dominated by women".

It's called wonna in Japanese.

(or wouna, wonago, according to the old Japanese dictionary, is now written as follows.

Onna), which coincides with the ancient sound of "Japanese slave", should be regarded as a primitive person. "Biography of the Three Kingdoms" records the sentence "Li went to Dongjiang" and "asked his old man: Is there anyone in Hainan? The old man said: there is a country in the sea where there are no pure women with men. That may be the wrong message from the queen's country.

According to the biography of Japan written in the Song Dynasty, his king came between Liu, Song and Yuanjia, and still claimed to be the commander-in-chief of Japan, Baekje, Silla, Gaul, Qin and Han. General Anton was the king of Japan, seeking justice, and wrote to the king of Japan except General Anton (but called the army of six countries to eliminate justice).

"The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Biography of Dongyi": "Japan, ancient Japanese slaves also. ..... In the first year of Xianheng, he sent an envoy to peaceful Korea. Later, he learned a little Xia Yin and changed his name to Japan. The special envoy said that he has become famous recently. "

This is because later, the Yamato royal family was dominated by male kings. Second, it just proposed to change its name, not only because it didn't like the soft meaning of "Japanese" in Xia Yin (Chinese). Since then, China's historical biography has been renamed Japan because of its name (so the New Tang Book only writes about Japan, while the Old Tang Book is divided into two biographies: Japan and Japan). The story of Zhenguan was listed as "Japan" 22 years ago, as a sage in 22 years, and as a "biography of Japan" when he fought for Zhou Changan for 3 years. ③

In a word, the ancient Chinese pronunciation of "Japanese slave" is consistent with the Japanese word "woman". Since the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties, Japan has been ruled by the empress, and "Japanese slaves" refer to the "queen country".

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(1) Hoshino Heng's Exam on Japan refers to Houguoshanmen County, and Wang Jiwu's Traffic History of Japan in China says Shanmen Township of Ju Chi County after Kyushu fattening. Also, its etymology may be that yama comes from the ancient word "Yan" in China (refer to Japanese yama as the Chinese and Vietnamese word "Yan" nham, just as Jiaya means "Jiong" nha), while To comes from the ancient word "stop" in China, and yama-to means to stop on a mountain island.

(2) Biography of Sui Shu, Japan: "In the twenty years after the Emperor, the Ami people in Wang Xing, Japan, were more lonely than me. I was a generation of chickens and I was an envoy." "Tongdian" was quoted by 185. At the end, it was written, "A generation of chickens, Hua Yan Tian Er, sent envoys to Yi Que." (Tang Lei Han is Tianer.

For the "emperor"). It is rumored that it is also recorded that "in the three years of the great cause, Wang Duoli thought that the North alone sent envoys to pay tribute ... His national book said: The day was born from the son of heaven, and the son of heaven was uneasy about the day of the scroll." A generation of chickens is equivalent to ame-kimi's "heavenly army", which proves that it has been called the emperor in China. May is also a very beautiful day, or Amani Day. In the History of Cultural Exchange between Japan and China (translated by Hu Xinian, Commercial Press, 1980), I think Amy Doris is equivalent to Amanotarihisuko.

(3) Wang Xiangrong's Textual Research on Historical Documents of Sino-Japanese Relations (Yuelu Bookstore, 1985)39 pages. /kloc-page 0/2, renamed between 7 12-720, according to the three years of Chang 'an, it is 703.