"When purple worship shines on the beam"

The custom of building houses originated from Tujia nationality: houses in many areas of Tujia nationality are frame houses with wood structure. The wooden frame house is to drill holes in the stigma, put the wooden Fang in the eye to form a "gable", and then put the gable on the beam. The beams of purlin roofs are called "beam trees". Mount Li and Shangliang are very particular about it, and there are many grand ceremonies presided over by Zhang Mo, the master who built the house. Before the mountain is erected, the beam tree must be ready. The beam tree is Chinese fir, which is bigger than other beams, and most of them are presented by relatives and friends. Cutting down a beam tree is called "cutting down a beam", and the ink master must visit in person. After worshipping the land of mountain gods in front of the tree, Master Guan Mo read: "There are Qingyun in the east and Ziyun in the west, and the Lord ordered me to cut the beam; Cut for ever, cut for ever, cut for riches, and cut for gold and silver. "After reading it, I began to cut down the beam tree. After relatives and friends send bunches of trees to the host's house with red faces, they beat gongs and drums, and the master in charge of ink makes tenons at both ends of the bunches of trees, which is called "opening the bunches". Before the opening of Liangkou, Master Guan Mo also sent a congratulatory message: "Heaven and earth opened, Riji and Luban came here, which was a great success; With a chisel and an axe in my hand, I walked slowly. The Lord asked me to turn on the beam. Open the beam mouth, open the beam mouth, and open a pair of gold and silver Beidou; One endures, one endures, three prospers, and four gold and silver are everywhere. "After the beam mouth is opened, we should draw a' Tai Chi map' among the beam trees. After the painting, the ink master used a chisel to cut a round hole in the Taiji diagram. When digging a hole, the owner must crouch down and catch the sawdust with his clothes, otherwise he will not make any money after the house is built. After drilling the hole, the ink owner put rice, wine and meat into the hole and stuffed tassels made of red cloth in the hole. When the mountain is erected, all craftsmen and relatives and friends stand between the mountain frames. With an axe in his hand and a chicken in his hand, the ink master said, "Heaven and earth are open, Riji, and Luban are here, and the luck is prosperous; What Jenny did, listen to me, will make the East rich for thousands of years. Tianfu field, hell field, please start the mason and hit the pillar; Please be a carpenter and build an immortal Huatang. Stones are pillars and houses are champions; There are seven or eight civil and military officials, and the scholar does not digress. This chicken is an extraordinary chicken, and the queen mother announced the dawn of the chicken; This chicken is an extraordinary chicken with a high head and a low tail, wearing a five-color sweater; Wake up before dawn until sunset. This chicken is an extraordinary chicken, which was given by Lu Ban to his disciples to sweep the mountain. Dreadwind died in heaven and the earth returned to the earth. In Sa Ciki, this child is evil. If there is evil, I have a rooster to fight it. " After reading it, the cockscomb was cut with an axe and bled, dripping on the post, shouting "get up", and the people set up a mountain rack in the sound of the horn. After the mountain frame is set up, put it on the beam. The two ends of the beam tree are tied with ropes, and several people hold ropes at each station of the purlin of the two mountains. Master Zhang Mo first praised Liang: "Where were you born? "Where does it grow? Born in Qinglong Mountain, grew up in front of Bagua Rock. Who knows? Zhang Lang Luban learned; Who can see it? Zhang Lang Ruban can see it. Zhang Lang stepped forward and cut it down with an axe, and Lu Ban measured it again with his foot. Large scale, three feet three; Small feet, eight feet long. The first building is to build the Golden Jubilee Hall, the second building is to ban nave, and the third building is neither too long nor too short, with a curved character, which is mainly used as the immortal column. Firecrackers and gunpowder came into play, and Mo Dou was like a mandarin duck; A pair of running hoes dug flat, a pair of planers dug bright crystals, and two ink lines were wrapped around the Chinese fir roof beam. The golden rooster is singing in the sky, and the purple light shines high; The purple chicken crowed on the ground, which was the time for disciple to climb the beam. Get up! " They raised the beam with a "rise" and put it on the purlin of the central column. At this time, after bowing, carpenters and masons climbed purlins from the wooden ladders at the east and west ends of the roof beam, and drove the tenon of the beam tree into the purlins with a "hair hammer" made of wood, saying, "The hair hammer is in your hand, and you asked me to send it to the beam mouth. Once in the east, generations of children sat in the court; Two hairs are in the west, and future generations wear hanbok; Sanmaoliang, sitting on the bench for generations. The hammer landed and sent Dong Jun for 10,000 years. " After Liang Shu 'an was in place, there was a "beam throwing". A bucket is hung at each end of the roof beam, which contains a pair of rice cakes (called "main cakes"), some millet cakes and copper coins. Master Shangliang read a congratulatory message and put down Ciba with a rope, which was led by the host and his wife. After that, throw rice Baba and copper coins on the ground. The toast is: "A bucket is square, and there is gold and silver in it. Open the bucket with both hands, which contains all kinds of gold and silver. In winter, wheat comes out of the mountain in February and March, planting in July and August, eighteen dragons and tigers enter Xiangyang, and eighteen students enter the mill. The first side is as white as snow, and the second side is Bai Rushuang. Dishuiyan asked Li Sanniang to make steamed buns. Li Sanniang, Li Sanniang, only allowed to do, not allowed to taste, only allowed to be used by the master to throw up immortal pillars ... "Adults and children are grabbing Baba and copper coins under the beams. After I threw Liang away, I gave Liang wine and tea. The ink master spilled wine on the beam with a flagon and said, "Take the flagon, it's made of gold, silver and copper. Gold and silver come from Changzhou, and craftsmen come from Liuzhou. Changzhou house is called gold and silver, and Liuzhou city employs craftsmen. Two craftsmen please come in and ask what pots they mainly make. Above is gold wire, below is color screen lotus; Looking from a distance, you can see the Qinglong Land in the front seat and a Cao Fang in the back seat. The wine in Du Kang is full of fragrance. Who doesn't eat first? Who won't try it first? Zhang Lang didn't eat first, and Lu Ban didn't taste first. This is the pillar that the Lord gives his disciples to respect generations. Give Liang Dong a glass of wine, and the children and grandchildren will sit in court; Two glasses of wine are sent to Liang, and children and grandchildren put on official clothes; In three glasses of wine, children and grandchildren are good ministers; Respect in all directions, full of children and grandchildren. One glass of wine to the ground, two glasses of wine to God, three glasses of wine to Luban, five glasses of wine to Liangkou, six glasses of wine to disciples, seven glasses of wine to guests and eight glasses of wine to friends. " Then the tea was served, and Master Shangliang sprinkled the tea on the beam tree with a teapot as usual, thinking as he sprinkled it: "Xuanyuan Huangdi governs the grain, and Shennong Huangdi governs the medical classics; Western Buddhists went to learn from the scriptures before bringing tea seeds back to the city. Sprinkle a handful in Dongting Lake, and the dry weather will not germinate for three years; One liter is sprinkled on Mount Emei, and it will germinate three years later. On April 8 every year, my aunt and I go to pick tea. Aunt picking tea three or four liang, sister-in-law picking tea half a catty; Aunt cooks tea for the master and sister-in-law cooks tea for the great god. Who doesn't eat first? Who won't try it first? Zhang Lang didn't eat first, and Lu Ban didn't taste first. The Lord gave his disciples to respect the pillars of generations. A cup of tea respects Liang tou, and children and grandchildren are princes; Two cups of tea to Wei Liang, children and grandchildren in office; Three cups of tea respect the waist, and children and grandchildren are old. " After lifting the beam, the red cloth on the beam is unloaded, which is called "unloading red". While discharging red ink, the master read: "A long yellow dragon is wrapped around the forbidden beam in the East. Since the red ink was discharged today, the East has been lucky. "