Huangge town's history and culture

I. Ancient ancestral temples and temples:

1. Maishi Grand Ancestral Hall: It is the Maibida Temple, the ancestor of Maishi in Huangge. Founded in the Song Dynasty, it has been repaired in all previous dynasties. Among the famous family ancestral temple in Guangzhou, it ranks third after Chenjia Temple in Guangzhou and Liugengtang in Shawan. The temple is located in Su Guo New Street, Lianxi Village, huangge town, and forms an ancestral temple complex with Maigong Temple, Ruihui Maigong Temple (now the Kirin Culture Exhibition Hall) and Ziping Maigong Hall, all of which face south to north. The ancestral hall is resplendent and exquisite in craftsmanship, with traditional crafts such as stone lions, stone drums, wood carvings, brick carvings and murals. After the founding of New China, ancestral halls were listed as local property by the state. In 2000, with the approval of the higher government, it was returned to Lianxi Village for use. In 2004, it was listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Guangzhou.

2. Zhang's Ancestral Hall: It was founded in the 21st year of Qianlong (1756), rebuilt in the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), and rebuilt in 1999. According to legend, Zhang, the twenty-fourth generation descendant of the Zhang family, was originally from Fan Yang. In the Tang Dynasty, he led his family to Zhuji Lane in Nanxiong, Guangdong, and the 30th generation of Zhang Yi moved to Xia Bo, Dongguan to escape the war. At the end of the Song Dynasty, the 38th generation Zhang Youliang moved to Dajing, Huangge, Nansha, and was the ancestor of the Zhang family in Dajing. Zhang ancestral hall is not only a ancestral hall, but also the school building of Rongshan Primary School, the first school in Dajing Village, in the early 1930s.

3. Lee's Ancestral Hall: There are two Lee's Ancestral Halls in Huangge, one in front of the Zhangjia Ancestral Hall, which is the Datang Lee's Ancestral Hall in Huangge. It is said that the ancestral hall is divided into three entrances, the lobby is called "Jishutang", and the plaque is now in Datang Village. There is a big square in front of this ancestral hall, facing the Li Datang with rippling blue waves and ten miles of breeze. This ancestral temple used to be a middle school, but it was later demolished and converted into Datang Primary School. It has become a private house, and it doesn't look the same anymore.

The other is located in Daxi Street, which is the largest ancestral hall in Huangge, also known as "Xinzu", and the hall number is "Shaode Hall". 197 1 year, the ancestral hall was demolished. The villagers demolished the dilapidated auditorium of the Central Primary School (the former National Central School), moved the bricks and tiles of the auditorium to the original site of the ancestral temple, and built the Huangge Hall, which is now Datang Park.

4. Chenjia Ancestral Hall: It is now the former site of the storage building of Huangge Power Supply Station on the side of Datang Park in huangge town, next to Lijia Ancestral Hall. As an oyster shell structure, the ancestral hall has quite classical characteristics. There are three entrances to the ancestral hall, the hall number is "Dunling Hall". The Cultural Revolution was destroyed.

5. General Temple: Located in Dongli Street, Huangge Town, it was built in the Yuan Dynasty and is the ancestral temple of Zumai and Maimai in Dongli Village. This ancestral hall is the highest-ranking memorial ancestral hall in Huangge in ancient times, with excellent materials and fine brick carvings on the facade. Wood carvings with flowers appeared for the first time in the screen door, and the stories of opera characters were used as exquisite workmanship.

6. Ruihui Maigong Temple: Located in Su Guo New Street, Lianxi Village, Huangge, there is a stone tablet in the temple which records that the temple was built in Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty for six years (1867). The architectural specifications of this ancestral hall are slightly inferior to that of Mai's Grand Ancestral Hall, but the materials and workmanship were also excellent at that time, with exquisite brick carving and wood carving and fine decoration. This shrine is the shrine of Mai Guangzu, the seventh generation descendant of Huangge Maijia, so it was named "Guangyu Hall".

7. Shaoshan Maigong Temple: Located on the west side of Dongli Street and Deli Lane in Huangge Town, the ancestral temple of Maihongju (Shaoshan) in Dongli Village in the Ming Dynasty was built in the Ming Dynasty and is now well preserved.

8. Maidang Maigong Temple: Located at No.4 Hedeli, Dongli Street, Huangge Town, it is the ancestral temple of Yin Fu family in Dongli Village of Ming Dynasty. It was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. In the Great Leap Forward era, this was a nursing home. It used to be a dining hall and a nursery, but now it is well preserved.

9. Tianhou Ancient Temple: It has a long history and its incense is flourishing. It is as famous as Foshan Ancestral Temple, Deqing Yuecheng Long Mu Temple and Guangzhou Huangpu Nanhai Temple. It is one of the four famous temples in Guangdong. According to legend, Tianhou Ancient Temple was built by Mai Birong, the ancestor of Huangge, to worship Tianhou Niangniang. In the past 800 years, the temple has been renovated and expanded many times, especially during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and its momentum is very magnificent. From the 15th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty to the 20th year of the Republic of China, Tianhou Ancient Temple was in its heyday. Every year, a grand temple fair was held on Tianhou's birthday on the 23rd day of March of the lunar calendar. Unfortunately, after liberation, the temple was demolished to the ground and all the cultural relics in the temple were lost.

Second, the grave.

Mai Birong and Mai Bida are buried together: this tomb is located in Daheshanzui, south bank of Dongli Shantang in Huangge Town, and it is the burial tomb of Mai's ancestor and his brother in Huangge Town. In the ninth year of Song Xianchun (1273, the other was 13 1, the first year of Song Shaoxing), one of his five brothers went to the Pearl River Delta from Nanxiong Zhuji Port, in which Mai Bida stayed in Huangge and his younger brother Mai Birong went to Dongguan for development. The two brothers were originally buried in the back hill of Zhujiaci in Shenwan, Nansha, and moved back to Huangge due to the construction of Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Zhuhai Expressway. This tomb has become a bridge connecting the feelings of the Mai clan in Guangdong in history. Every year, Chongyang, Guangdong Mai clan, Hong Kong and Macao clan will pay homage to this tomb. Now the whole tomb is well preserved, and it was listed as a key protected cultural relic at the district level in 2004.

Liu Maisan Tomb: This tomb is located on the right side of Hulu Mountain in Huangge Town. According to the records on the tombstone, this tomb is the burial tomb of Mai Sanliu and his wife. Mai Sanliu is the son of Mai Bida and Zhan Taipo, the ancestors of Huangge. At the end of the Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he entered the official Yuan Dynasty and led his son to fight in Guangxi, pacify the unrest and worship the general of Guangxi. The main tablet reads, "The tomb of the governor of Guangxi in the Song Dynasty was above the tombs of Maigong Fujun and Mrs. Zeng Yipin". Now the whole tomb is well preserved, and it was listed as a key protected cultural relic at the district level in 2004.

Maigong's Tomb: It was built in the early Yuan Dynasty and rebuilt in the 13th year of Daoguang (1833). It is the most magnificent tomb in Huangge at present. The whole tomb is a tomb with advanced stone carving technology, and the main monument is embedded in the tomb door of the stone carving flower tomb. It reads, "Yuan Di, the deputy general of Fengfeng, is a captain. The third ancestor Kao Gong entered the Mai Cemetery, and the ugly scholar of Ganlong wrote the inscription Lang Maiyou, which was rebuilt on September 15, the thirteenth year of Daoguang Guisi." The tomb is located in Daheshanzui, south bank of Dongli Shantang, Huangge Town. This is the burial tomb of Mai, the deputy general of the Yuan Dynasty, and his wife Xu. Mai Gongjin is the third generation ancestor of Dongli Mai family. Because he went out with his father and made meritorious service to the official, he was appointed as vice president and captain with familiarity. He was the highest official of the Mai family in Huangge, an ancient dynasty, so every year, the ancestor worship groups of Mai came here to visit the grave. Now the whole tomb is well preserved, and it was listed as a municipal key protected cultural relic in 2004.

Mrs. Liu's Tomb: The tomb is located in Daren Mountain, Datang Village, huangge town, and was built during the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty. The stone tablet in front of the tomb reads "The tomb of Mrs. Li Mushu, Mrs. Liu, sealed by the imperial edict of the Qing Dynasty", and the right side of the stone tablet is engraved with "Mouli of the Mid-Autumn Festival in the year of Emperor Ding Chou of Guangxu" (the name is unknown because some words have been damaged for a long time). At the back of the tomb, there is a stone tablet engraved with "Tian Feng Yu". Li Yangbi, the son of the tomb owner, is said to be from Dongguan. He was a famous senior government official in the Qing Dynasty, and his official title was "Minister of War". Its official title plaque was once hung on the Li Ancestral Hall in Datang Village, Huangge, and the existing elderly people have seen this plaque with their own eyes. Following the story that 1958 Great Ancestral Hall was demolished, this tablet was lost. The mausoleum is first-class and magnificent, and it is also the tomb of historical celebrities, which is of great historical value. At present, the whole tomb is basically well preserved, and it was listed as a key protected cultural relic at the district level in 2004.

Third, Gu Jing.

1. Dajing Yinjingtou: also known as "Yinchengquan", located in Dajing Village, huangge town, was built in the Yuan Dynasty and has undergone many repairs. This is a well with a stone structure. It is said that Zhang Cun citizens were once dubbed Master Yin (Master Yin was an official title at that time). Ancestors dug wells to commemorate this official name, so it was called "Silence". An old man said that this ancient building in Dashuijing Ancient Buildings has a history of more than 700 years. At that time, this area was originally a lake field submerged by seawater, and drinking water was extremely scarce. A man named Yin is digging a deep well. Unexpectedly, after the well is dug, the well water is very sweet, and the whole village eats the water from this well. In memory of this man named Yin, people called this well "Yin Chengquan" and erected a monument beside it to commemorate it. Although this well has experienced hundreds of years of history, it has been used to this day after many renovations by villagers in previous dynasties. Nowadays, even if the village has running water, the whole village still likes to drink the well water of Yin Chengquan. Because the wellhead looks like a well and is also large, people gradually get used to calling it "Dajing" and the village name is also "Dajing Village".

2. Sansheng Miao Jing: Located in the jurisdiction of Dongli Village, Huangge Town, it has excellent water quality and sweet taste. It has been the drinking well water of villagers in Dongli since ancient times. The history of this well is closely related to Sansheng Temple. In ancient times, people believed in gods, and thought that the water that could not be separated in daily life was in charge of God. The villagers used to call this well holy water. In ancient times, altars were set up to worship and be baptized, and all of them went to this well to get water. If the villagers have a funeral, they must buy water to bathe the deceased (commonly known as "buying water"). Their sons must first put down some copper coins on this well platform, and then go to the well to get water and take it home to bathe the deceased.

3. Half-day Yunquan: Also known as Tian Yunquan, it is located halfway up Huangge Mountain. There is a story about the name of this spring. According to legend, Mai, a deputy commander of the Yuan Dynasty, came here to hunt, but he galloped on horseback and felt a little thirsty. I happened to see a stream flowing in the forest, so I rode a white dragon pony to climb the mountain to find this spring. After General Mai drank it, he felt that the spring water was clear and sweet and full of praise, so his entourage asked General Mai to name it. Just then, after drinking the spring water, the white horse roared in the sky and jumped forward. When the general saw this, he said, "Spring is born in the mountains, and white horses are soaring. Let's call it a half-day cloud spring. " In the past, when many celebrities went to Huangge, they asked people to pick the water from the "half-day cloud spring" to make tea. 1982, the spring was developed as the water source of Tian Yun soda plant, but it was exhausted due to the mining of stone ore. Besides the traditional festivals in China, Huangge people also have their own characteristics.

In the past, Huangge people began to prepare Chinese New Year's food from their twenties, such as fried dumplings, oil angle, rice cakes, sugar rings and fried rice cakes, all of which were made by themselves. Most of the younger generation can't make it, especially sugar rings and fried rice cakes. Only Huang Ge, who is over fifty, knows how to do it. Most people go to various new year stores to buy holiday food, but most of them are preserved by making fried dumplings and oil angle.

On New Year's Day and Spring Festival, lion dancing and unicorn dancing are the main dances. People think that these two animals will ward off evil spirits and welcome good luck. On New Year's Day every year, the lion and unicorn in Huangge dance happily in the town government, and then dance into every household in every village, which is a lively scene.

Turning on the lights is a unique custom of four villages in huangge town (Dajing Village, Datang Village, Dongli Village and Lianxi Village), which is serious and grand. Turning on the light means turning on the light for the boy born last year. From the seventh day of the first month to the fifteenth day of the first month, according to the regulations of pregnancy, local people hang lanterns for babies in ancestral halls and invite relatives and friends to get together to pray for good luck in the coming year.

"Huangge Kirin Dance" is an ancient folk art in huangge town, Nansha District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. It has been popular for 100 years. On holidays, God's birthday parties, and autumn outings, people dance Kirin to show their good wishes for good luck, good weather, prosperity and peace of the country. Therefore, there is a saying among the people that "Kirin presents Switzerland".