What are the traditional festivals of Hani people?

The traditional festivals of the Hani nationality include Mother Sacrifice Festival, Son Sacrifice Festival, Yellow Rice Festival, Son Sacrifice Festival, Grasshopper Festival, Japanese Horse Lord, Long Street Banquet, June and October. Hani is a minority in China and an ancient nation in China. The population of Hani nationality in Yunnan Province is 6.5438+0.63 million (2065.438+0.00), ranking second among the ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province.

Mother's Day

Amash Festival, also known as Mother Sacrifice Festival, is held in the Year of the Loong in February of the lunar calendar in China. Hani folk festival. "Amash" is the transliteration name of hani language, and "Ma" literally translates as "female", "mother", "female" and "big". "Ama" is called "Fuma" and "Puma" in some places, which literally translates as "sacred tree" or "sacred forest", so some people translate this festival as "Mother's Day" or "sacred tree". Popular in the vast Hani areas of Yunnan Province. Although the Hani people believe in many gods, they respect the sacred tree most and think it is the patron saint of the Hani people. Therefore, while building a village in Anchun, we should choose a "sacred forest" above the village and regard one of the strongest evergreen trees as a "sacred tree". At ordinary times, livestock should be strictly prevented from entering this sacred woodland. Legend has it that in ancient times, people and ghosts were brothers, but later they were separated because of incompatibility. Ghosts often worship and harass people, and people complain to gods. The gods turned their daughter into a sacred tree to protect the village, and taught people to beat gongs and drums in the ghost's residence on this day every year to suppress evil spirits. Successive dynasties, so it became a festival.

Sacrificial festival

Sacrificial Festival is the main sacrificial festival of Hani people, which is held twice a year. The first month is a sacrifice to the village gods, praying for the destruction of disasters and the prosperity of people and animals. March _ is an agricultural sacrifice, praying for good weather and good harvests. The symbol of _ God is usually an ancient tree of ten thousand years, called _ Tree. In the past, every village, whether it was ten or eight, or a family, had to plant a tree at the selected place in Zhaitou. This tree is a tree. Both sacrificial activities will be held under this tree, which is said to protect the stockade.

Yellow rice festival

The "Yellow Rice Festival" of Hani nationality in Yuanjiang, Yunnan Province is a festival with strong local ethnic characteristics related to production festivals. Every spring in March, everything recovers and a hundred flowers blossom. According to the traditional habits of the Hani people, every household should steam fragrant yellow glutinous rice, cook red duck eggs, and make pious dedication to the cuckoo who announced the arrival of spring. After the sacrifice, people began to sing beautiful "spring ploughing songs" to prepare for farming. The old man in Reed Village, looking up at everyone, still has to observe the astronomical phenomena, speculate on auspicious days, and pull out a few clumps of seedlings in his own field, which means "opening the seedling door". The annual spring ploughing activity in Hani Shanzhai began. Legend has it that doing so can make the grain plentiful, the six animals prosperous and all beings auspicious.

Sacrificial day

"Anmatu" is an annual ritual activity held by the Hani people before the start of spring ploughing (usually in the middle of 1 month) to pray for good weather in the coming year. The grain is abundant and people and animals are safe. With the development of the times, this activity has become the biggest festival of the Hani people. "Anmatu" is usually held for 3-5 days. During the activity, the enthusiastic Hani people, regardless of gender, age and age, danced in a circle and sang a beautiful life. There are more than 300 tables in the banquet held along the street. It is hundreds of meters long, so it is also called the Long Dragon Banquet. At the party. The venerable old man in the village sits at the head of the dragon, the woman sits at the tail of the dragon, and the others sit in the middle. The whole village is drinking homemade rice wine and tasting the delicious food carefully cooked by housewives. Its scenery is not only a cooking skill competition, but also full of warmth of life, showing the unity spirit of Hani people. If you come here at this time, the hospitable Hani people warmly invite you to sit down and share this wonderful life with them.

Grasshopper festival

The festival of catching grasshoppers is called "Po Year" in hani language, which is held on the first day after June (June 24th of the lunar calendar) every year, that is, the first day of the Year of the Rooster or the Year of the Monkey. Hani people live in mountainous areas and grow one-season rice. After June, rice began to head. In order to ensure a bumper harvest of rice, the Hani people have adopted the way of "catching grasshoppers" to drive away and avoid pests.

Rimazhu

The Hani people who live by the Red River worship cuckoo and call it "Hebo's grandmother" (cuckoo mother). Every spring in March, when the camellia is in full bloom, everyone, regardless of gender, age and age, will say "I heard it" when they hear the cuckoo's song for the first time, indicating their cheers for spring. It is said that this answer can make hardworking and kind Hani farmers have a bumper harvest of grain and livestock, and be safe and healthy all year round.

Changjie banquet

Long street banquet is a traditional custom of Hani nationality. Every time the "Anmatu" Festival comes, the Hani people will hold a banquet in the cottage to celebrate the festival together. During the celebration, hundreds of tables of banquets lined up in a long queue, hence the name "Long Street Banquet".

June one year

June is also a happy festival. The red river area is called "bitter zhazha". The date is usually around June 24th, and the festival lasts three to six days. During the festival, cows are sacrificed to the "autumn room" of the village, and beef farmers are separated to worship their ancestors. Young people get together to "swing", wrestling, hunting, singing folk songs, and have fun.

October 1st.

"October" is the first dragon day in October of the lunar calendar, which lasts for five to six days and sacrifices to gods and ancestors. At that time, every family would kill a red rooster, cook it on the spot, and never bring it indoors. Every family member must eat a piece of chicken, but the girl who is getting married can't. Then I will make three rice balls and some cooked meat for the most senior old people in the same clan. There will be a grand street banquet in the stockade, that is, nearly 100 tables are connected together every day, and families compete to present their own specialty dishes and show their cooking skills.