On Song Jiang's Character in Water Margin

Where there is ambition, there is suffering.

As a small official in Yuncheng County, Song lived in the last days and was ambitious. The description of his appearance in the 18th time of Water Margin is: "He sits still as muddy as a tiger and walks like a wolf. At the age of 30, I have the measure of feeding 10 thousand people. He is six feet tall and has the heart to sweep the world. Aim high and have a beautiful heart. If you dare to bully the small with a knife and pen, you will not gain fame. " "I will meet heroes in the rivers and lakes all my life." . He solves problems for others, helps the poor, cares about people's lives and pays attention to gathering people's hearts. This is the first characteristic of the troubled times. However, Sung River is not dominated by martial arts, nor is he good at literary talent. He suppressed his shortcomings, improved his advantages, and focused on being a man rather than doing things, winning the mystery of conquering people's hearts and producing good results. "Generosity, filial piety, fame, timely rain, and more ability." In the season when the jackal was in power and the society was dark and chaotic, Song Jiang's early activities highlighted his ambition of plotting the world. Just because the time has not come, I temporarily guarded the position of a small official, went to the yamen and became a hero. I just wait for the opportunity to rise up and resist, accumulate heroes, develop strength and shake the world. As the saying goes, "When I was young, I got ling, and I dared to laugh that Huang Chao didn't marry her husband".

At that time, the Northern Song Dynasty inherited the usual customs for a long time, and the social contradictions became increasingly acute. Hui Zong was dissolute and shameless, and he used Cai Jing, Gao Qiu, Yang Jian, Tong Guan and other "four thieves" repeatedly, and was politically corrupt. They openly sell officials and titles, raise private parties, fight for power and profit, and compete with each other. It is impossible for a hero to try to make contributions by literary talent and military talent and make a name for himself in history. In other words, Cai Jing was an academician, but he was not used because of his talent. He became a teacher in his early years and was good at painting and painting. Moreover, after decades of officialdom practice, I have developed a set of skills of obsequiousness and obsequiousness, and served my young master comfortably. As soon as the king ascended the throne, Cai Jing became the prime minister of the dynasty. The great treacherous court official of the Ming Dynasty was as muddy as Yan Song, who wrote "Qing Ci" with one hand, and Jiajing Emperor attached Sejong several ways. Others, such as Gao Qiu, Tong Guan, Yang Jian and others, were beaten by the King, catering to the King's familiarity with the children of floating waves, and practicing both inside and outside to help out. They have nothing to do but play the piano and dance, play football, play with each other, be modest and patient, fry fish slowly and persevere, and "win" 120 thousand in one word. Once his merits are complete, he will usurp the high position of the temple, and even form a party for personal gain, dominate the city and disrupt the world.

In addition, in view of the disadvantages of the separatist regime in the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty tried its best to seize the power of the buffer region. From generation to generation, we have adhered to the principle of "keeping internal weakness outside, and strengthening internal branches", with scattered power and overstaffed personnel, resulting in a political situation of more officials, more soldiers, and poor and weak accumulation. Hui Zong put ignorant slaves like Gao Qiu and Tong Guan in charge of military power, so as not to be afraid of usurping the throne, and to avoid being bullied by the emperors of the Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties. I am a slave who manages the country and the army badly, but I take pains to safeguard my power. This spread layer by layer, forming a corrupt and inefficient bureaucratic system. National strength is getting weaker and weaker, and society is getting darker and darker.

Nevertheless, the political corruption in the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty did not lead to great chaos such as famine and plague, and a large number of people died. A nationwide large-scale peasant uprising has not yet taken shape. It is difficult for heroes to change the dynasty with the help of social trends. In this situation, it is difficult for Song Jiang to succeed. He tried to take the road of rebellion, but he didn't dare to risk the failure of rebellion. He had to prematurely release self-contradictory and self-deceiving voices such as "the emperor is wise and the traitors are in power" and "doing justice for heaven and forgiving sins". For example, in the twentieth chapter of Water Margin, Song Jiang saw the documents of counties under the new prefect of Jizhou, and thought, "Chao Gai and others didn't want to do such a big thing, they made a big mistake, robbed the birth program, killed the public, hurt the public observation, and damaged many officials and soldiers, and took Huang An up the mountain alive ...". After saying goodbye to Liu Tang at the end of the month, he walked away, thinking, "That classical style has fallen on the grass, and it is still so big." . This shows that Song Jiang really envied Classical and others who embarked on the road of rebellion, and their forces developed rapidly, and they began to have the idea of joining the separatist regime. The next morning, they killed Yan Poxi under the pretext. Because, in fact, at that time, Song Jiang could completely recapture classical letters and then burn the evidence instead of killing Yan Poxi. In chapter 35, the people of Qingfeng Mountain voted for Liangshan Park, and Song Jiang said, "Liu Tang sent a book to thank me for gold, so he killed Yan Poxi and fled to the rivers and lakes." Visible, anger killed Yan Poxi concealed sung river deliberately put himself on the road of rebellion, cut off the show mentality of drag out an ignoble existence. On 23rd, he fled to Chai Jin Village, met Song Wu and became brothers. When he left, he said nothing. By the 32nd session, Yan Poxi had been killed by anger for a year. Song Jiang saw that the nationwide large-scale peasant uprising had not yet formed, and it took a long struggle to overthrow the Northern Song Dynasty. The risk of the failure of the uprising is so great that he dare not risk the failure of the rebellion. When he broke up with Song Wu, he said ... after joining Erlong Mountain, he gave up drinking. If you win the favor of the imperial court, you can encourage Lu and Yang Zhi to surrender. But in the future, if you go there with a knife and a gun, you will win your wife and son. After a long time, you will leave a beautiful name in the long river of history, and you will not waste your life ... "

According to the year recorded in Water Margin, the 32nd time was recorded in the winter of 1 108, the 7th time was recorded in the summer of 1 120, and the 20th time ended in 120. Song Jiang's tone lasted until the end, showing that although he was ambitious, he was worried about reality. This contradictory signboard, which is neither against corrupt officials nor against the emperor, reflects Song Jiang's vacillation in politics, which makes many heroes in the world discouraged and many Liangshan heroes disheartened, which not only greatly weakens their political appeal in the world, but also greatly weakens the fighting spirit of Liangshan rebels and is doomed to failure. This is evident in chapters 77 to 80. Many senior generals sent by the imperial court to conquer the water margin were arrested and released by the water margin, which greatly weakened the fighting spirit of the rebels. Especially in chapter seventy-nine, Mr. Li captured Liu Menglong, the accused officer, and Zhang Heng captured Niu Bangxi, a captain of the Step Army, for fear that Sung River would be released again and killed on the spot.

Second, help the poor and collect heroes.

Song Jiang tried to start as the leader of the Jianghu. In his early years, he paid attention to the little things in life and was generous. He was loved by people and became famous over time. He doesn't just want to meet heroes. For example, the twentieth time, as soon as he heard that Yan Po had an accident, he immediately wrote a post asking Yan Po to take away the coffin and pay the funeral expenses of twelve taels of silver. The twenty-first time, he said that he helped Tang and promised to give the princes who sold potions a coffin and the capital for capital punishment. In Qingfeng village, he was very kind to Huarong Road's men. I bought it at Jiangzhou Prison City Camp, and I was very happy with him from the camp to the prisoner. It is precisely because he was kind to ordinary people everywhere that he won the most resounding reputation in the Jianghu, which made all heroes in the world fall in love with him and went to find him when he was killed. For him, recruiting heroes is more important and more enthusiastic. "The Water Margin" goes back to the eighteenth paragraph. "If someone comes to him, high or low, he will have everything, so he will stay in the pavilion valley all day and chase, and he will not be tired. When I think of it, I try my best to help, the land is squandered, and gold is like soil ... It is famous in Shandong and Hebei, and everyone calls him timely rain. "

In this respect, Song Jiang is more successful than Chai Jin and Classical. In the ninth episode, Chai Jin, as a rich man, "devotes himself to recruiting men from all over the world". He realized the family crisis, left a way out to make friends with heroes, and had no intention of being the leader of the Jianghu. As a "timely rain", Little Whirlwind won the hearts of the people. The fourteenth time, as a rich man in his hometown, Chao Gai "loves to see heroes in the world", "but if anyone comes to see him, no matter how good or bad, he will stay in the village. If you want to go, help him up with a silver coffin. " He dominates the whole village and is well-known in all rivers and lakes. With this prestige, Liu Tang and Gongsun Sheng took the lead, elected him as the leader, outwitted the birth class and occupied the water margin. This has a great influence on Song Jiang! However, Classical was born in Geng Jie, and his temper was impatient. He is too hard on his subordinates and inflexible. According to Chapter 47, Classical heard that Fan Shi stole the cock crow from Zhujiadian, which caused a quarrel, so he decided to behead his companions Yang Xiong and Shi Xiu. As a result, Song Jiang, Wu Yong, Dai Zong and the following leaders strongly advocated that Classical was unstoppable. Everyone also felt that they couldn't stand the anger of Classical, so they gradually returned to Song Jiang.

As the leader of Jianghu, it is more important to tolerate inferiority than to distinguish good from evil. Song Like Jiang's kindness to Hua Rongdao's men and buy buy's practice in Jiangzhou prison city camp are beyond the reach of classical studies. Song Jiang was successful in buying people's hearts. He made more meritorious military service, cared for all the leaders, appeased and persuaded them, worked step by step, slowly fried fish, and his prestige gradually improved. By the time classicism realized it, it was too late. The title of "King of Tota" was obtained in one thing, and it can't be compared with "timely rain" that gives alms and plots the world.

The purpose of helping the needy is to attract heroes. If you have a reputation in the Jianghu and don't make friends, then you will only meet a limited number of heroes who have been killed and defected. Among Liangshan heroes, Chai Jin sponsored Du Qian, Wang Lun, Lin Chong, Song Wu, Shi Yong and Song Jiang. Bai Sheng, Liu Tang and Ruan Shixiong are all supported by classical scholars. Song Jiang's supporters are Song Wu, Li Kui jy and Xue Yong. Making friends by running, Hua Rongdao, Qin Ming, Xin Huang, Yan Shun, Wang, Zheng Tianshou, Lv Fang, Guo Sheng, Shi Yong, Dai Zhong, Li Kui jy, Li Jun, Li Li, Rolling, Zhang Shun, Mu Hong, Mu Chun, Tong Wei, Meng Tong, Xue Yong, Ou Peng, Jiang Jing, Ma Lin and Tao Peng. By April1day, when Song Jiang officially entrusted the water margin, among the 40 leaders, 25 were Song Jiang's, 7 were Classical, and even a group of 8 people, such as Classical, were sent up the mountain by Song Jiang. Therefore, Classical wronged Sung River and became the first person in the cottage. Although Song Jiang refused in the past and took the second place, he immediately ordered the new and old leaders of the water margin to sit around. The new leader who belongs to Song Jiang's snare up the mountain will be ranked again after making contributions in the future. The number of new and old leaders is 27: 9. Obviously, Song Jiang has a great advantage.

It is worth noting that although Song Jiang is generous in aiding needy people, he is not reckless in spending money. Chapter 38, "When it rains, the gods go to the Pacific Insurance", without spending a penny, they also married a hero. It can be seen that whether to save money fully serves the needs of network heroes.

Objectively speaking, Song Jiang, Classical, Chai Jin, etc. They are all generous in aiding needy people, and the heroes they meet are mostly restless people in the dust. Corrupt officials dominate the world, "tyranny is fiercer than tigers", and the people recognize robbers as righteous people. Song Jiang, who is proud of being a hero, crossed Qingfeng Mountain and bowed down to Yingshan, Huangmen Mountain, Jieyang Ridge and Xunyang River. In the imperial court, power is in power, talents bow, fish are driven for gardens, and birds are driven for groups. Lin Chong, Yang Zhi, Hua Rongdao, Pei Xuan, Xuan Zan, Lu Da, Xue Yong and other honest Gengjie people are all down and out. Secular people think they are rigid and out of touch with the world. They were driven to Liangshan and were the backbone of the uprising team. Song Jiang also snared them and used them.

Running around and making friends is a remarkable feature of Song Jiang's network hero. He saved money all his life for fame in the Jianghu, and when the time comes, he will actively reap the fruits of victory. After killing Yan Poxi, Yan Po made a scene in Yuncheng County. Back to the 22nd, "Zhu Tong's Interpretation of Song Gongming", and Song Jiang discussed what to do. Although Song Jiang wanted to go to Liangshan, he had to entrust three places first: Chaijin Village, Henghai County, Cangzhou; Huarong, Qingfeng Village, Qingzhou; There is also Kongtaigong Village in Baihu Mountain. The purpose is to make friends with many heroes and pull the water margin together; Lest single people go to Liangshan, it's like being cornered. How can you show your ambition in life when such authority is swept away? Song Jiang's plan to entrust these three places is well thought out. Murakami, Chai Jin, Henghai County, Cangzhou, "devotes himself to recruiting heroes from all over the world and guarding his family for thirty or fifty years". Sung River defected to Chai Jin Zhuang, where he could get to know each other, collect them as his friends, and cast water margin together. As expected, Song Jiang made friends with Song Wu, who was snubbed by Chai Jin, in Chai Jin Zhuang, worshipped him as his brother and paid him a fee. There are three evil mountains in Huarong, Qingfeng Village, Qingzhou: Qingfeng Mountain, Erlong Mountain and Taohua Mountain, all of which are the dens of robbers. Song Jiang is famous in the Jianghu and went in to receive the heroes there. Pull it out, return to the water margin, and form its own system. This is basically what you want. After his farewell to Erlong Mountain, he went to Qingfeng Mountain alone to meet Yan Shun, Wang and Zheng Tianshou in winter night. Qingfeng Village's propaganda had an accident, which drove Huarong Road to rebel and took over the imperial generals Qin Ming and Huang Xin. Persuade Lv Fang and Guo Sheng in Shadow Mountain. Finally, these three horses joined him, just like the old horses in the water margin. Kongming and Kong Liang brothers in Kongtaigong Village of Baihu Mountain are also heroes. By the time of the fifty-seventh rebellion, 500 or 700 people can gather to occupy Baihu Mountain. Song Jiang went to Kongtaigong Village in Baihu Mountain to get in touch and deepen his feelings. Once something happens, the hero will try his best to join the water margin with him.

Back to 35, sung river joint several people cast water margin. Because of an accident, Song Jiang went home. Thirty-six broken Jiangzhou crossed the water margin, and Sung River was able to join in the mountain. On the surface, Song Jiang was afraid of disloyalty and injustice, and obeyed his father's instructions, refusing to go up the mountain and become an outlaw. In fact, he still feels that he is not strong enough to go up the mountain at this time. Why do you say that? Because Song Jiang committed the great crime of killing people and becoming an outlaw, he rebelled and rebelled in front. Later, in Xunyang Building, Jiangzhou, he used drunkenness to hide his eyes and ears, deliberately borrowed a pen and inkstone to write an anti-poem, leaving his native place and military status, making waves, making trouble in two counties, and still going to Liangshan Park to become an outlaw. Looking back, he was far from following his father's instructions and was afraid of disloyalty and injustice. Going to the mountains and becoming an outlaw is the basic condition and consistent concept for him to realize his ambition, and he has no scruples such as father's training and loyalty. Finally, even Song Taigong followed Song Jiang to become an outlaw, talking about disloyalty and unfilial innocence. Song Jiang is ambitious and squire knows it well, but father and son are better than the concept of blind loyalty. The squire later supported Sung Jiang to become an outlaw and openly rebelled.

Therefore, it is still too early for Song Jiang to join the partnership, because Jiangzhou passes through the water margin. Because the leaders and troops he pulled to Liangshan were still less than the old headquarters of Liangshan, and his prestige was still not as good as that of Classical. At this time, I am the second in the water margin, and it is difficult to display my ambition in my life. To climb the water margin, we must draw more leaders and men to occupy the absolute advantage, and then through our own people and exploits, imperceptibly, overhead classical, preliminary inheritance.

On Jiangzhou Road, Song Jiang is looking forward to attracting a group of heroes by virtue of his reputation in the Jianghu. Sure enough, at the foot of Jieyang Mountain, he made friends with heroes such as Li Jun, Li Li, Tong Wei and Meng Tong. In Jieyang town, he bribed a hero, Xue Yong, and had a conflict with a bully in the town, Mu Chun. It is well known that the purpose of publicity and making waves is to sound the alarm for the heroes in the Jianghu and get to know them better. Someone wants to ask, Song Jiang contradicts Jieyang Town as a bully, and his life is at stake. This is no joke. How can he show off like this? Is this a dead end?

In my humble opinion, Song Jiang dared to take the world by his reputation in the Jianghu. In times of crisis, he can get to know Yan Shun by breaking into Qingfeng Mountain. But with Song Jiang's courage and calculation, he would never publish his name easily unless he had to, which made people feel a little pretentious. For example, at the Lily Hotel in Jieyang Ridge, Song Jiang dared to knowingly eat antiperspirant wine. Decided to read the official documents to know Li Li's name and rescue him when he was looking for gold and silver. Just like crossing Xunyang River at night, he called for help several times before being forced to dive. If I hadn't happened to meet Li Jun to save me, I would have sighed: "It's a pity that Song Jiang died here!" -deliberately show off your name to turn the corner. In a word, he can successfully get to know Mu Hong, Mu Chun and Zhang Heng, laying the foundation for getting to know Zhang Shun.

Arriving in Jiangzhou is a dramatic scene of "timely rain will be a miracle". Trapped jy, Zhang Shun is to watch them fight with land and water, and then recruit them with balance.

Broken Jiangzhou, Song Jiang bought or got to know twelve men * * * three groups of troops, and four men and Ou Peng were collected at the foot of Huangmen Mountain, which greatly strengthened the lineup of Liangshan new leaders such as Song Jiang and formed a situation of three to one between the old and new leaders of Liangshan Park. And these new leaders, almost all are sung river's net. Song Jiang has strength in the water margin, but insists on refusing to seize the position of the classical castellan.

Compared with the ambition of plotting the world, obtaining this water margin is only the first step to complete the Long March. In the long struggle, netting heroes is still one of Song Jiang's main tasks.

In the water margin, Song Jiang is very gentle with the leader and never gets angry easily. He bestows small favors on talented people. Chapter 47 In a rage, Classical wanted to behead Yang Xiong and Shi Xiu. Song persuaded Chao Gai and appealed to them that the combination of positive sternness and practical tolerance was just right. These two newly recruited heroes were originally recruited online from their feelings. Other leaders also breathed a sigh of relief from the bottom of my heart. This tolerance for bad quality has become an invisible control, and everyone's spiritual balance naturally leans towards him, and they dare not disrespect him and follow him without regrets. After hitting Zhujiazhuang three times, he abandoned his wife and three mothers, which not only restored Wang's true heart, but also showed his generosity and selflessness. All the heroes praised his kindness, and his prestige is growing day by day.

It is also one of the main ways for Song Jiang to snare heroes. For the captured general hero, Song Jiang personally released him, please enter it in the account, accompany him with courtesy, comfort him with words, and accuse himself of rebelling out of helplessness in order to prepare for the country in the future. Therefore, Peng Ji, Ling Zhen, Han Tao, Xiang Chong, Li Guns, Fan Rui, Suochao, ZQQ, Gong Wang, Ding Desun, etc. Like-minded, willing to join the leadership. For the captured important generals of the imperial court, Song Jiang personally untied them, helped them to enter an account, bowed their heads, and gave up the top spot in the cottage. He also complained that they had no choice but to go up the mountain and were willing to recruit them to support the country in the future. So decent and loyal, you can't help working for him without being affected. Hu, Guan Sheng and Dong all changed their minds and became one of the most effective cadres in the Water Margin.

Seeing that Song Jiang was ambitious and snared heroes, some Liangshan heroes automatically approached him and became their own confidant arms; Those who can't get close to him are left out in the cold. Sun Li and the teacher Luan of Zhujiazhuang were originally disciples, but after arriving at the water margin, they were not as good as Jie Zhen, who was born in Orion, and had a high position. Zhu Wu and Fan Rui are not as talented as Wu Yong and Gongsun Sheng, nor as talented as Dai Zhong and Mu Hong in Water Margin. Born at the same time, Zhu Tong and Lei Heng are the tallest in the world. Green-eyed tiger ranks near the end, responsible for building and repairing houses, and getting together with nine-tailed turtle and farmer's son Tao, who are good at making shovels.

Finally, for Song Jiang, Wu Yong is the most difficult to conquer. Wu Yong and Chao Gai have been friends since childhood and are very close. Song Jiang saw that Wu Yong was bent on doing great things and going down in history. Classical only cares about the loyalty of the rivers and lakes, and the separatist party is rich and happy, which cares about the history of history. So Song Jiang and Wu Yong talked more about ambition, and Wu Yong was willing to use it and pro-Song.

Three nursery rhymes and gobbledygook deified themselves.

Chen Sheng's bonfire, Liu Bang's anti-white uprising, and his divination theory all reflect the struggle strategies of those who plan the world to use feudal superstition to mystify, rule the people spiritually and improve their own level. In the thirty-ninth chapter of The Water Margin, the magistrate Cai Jiu said to him, "Recently, the astronomical phenomena in imperial academy say that the sky is watched at night and the stars shine on Wu Chu. Anyone who dares to lose money will be immediately eliminated by observation. It is also a rumor of children in the market that' the country is consumed by wood, and the sword is a little water. Thirty-six, Shandong broadcast chaos. "So, I'm going to be an official and stick to my place." Huang thought for a long time, took out the poem sung by Sung River from his sleeve and presented it to the county magistrate Cai Jiu. "It's not accidental!" He combined Song Jiang's anti-poem of Xunyanglou with nursery rhymes on the market, and pointed out that nursery rhymes should be on Song Jiang.

Huang Wenbing's judgment is correct, and it is not difficult to make this judgment. It can even be said that Song Jiang needs Cai Jiu, the magistrate, to get this judgment. This judgment and the subsequent development of things were deliberately made by Song Jiang. The analysis is as follows:

Shi Jing's nursery rhymes are not groundless. Making and spreading nursery rhymes was a common means of seeking the world at that time. If they think the time is ripe, they will arrange their associates to spread this rumor to ignorant children first, and then spread it to society. On Jiangzhou Road, Sung River met Sanba near Jiangzhou mentioned by Li Jun, and they were able to pull a group of people up the mountain. If eight leaders are snared and three people are thrown into the water margin together, the leader who is snared by Song Jiang is absolutely dominant. That is to say, at this time, Song Jiang thinks that the time is ripe to support the water margin. However, it is contrary to previous words and deeds to walk out of the prison camp for no reason and lure heroes up the mountain to join. Only when something goes wrong can you become a hero by going to Liangshan with great vigour. Song Jiang designed, guided and practiced a series of important events during the one-month period from Mu Taigong Village to Xunyang Building.

Obviously, the production and dissemination of Shi Jing nursery rhymes can only be manipulated by Song Jiang behind the scenes. This made public opinion preparations for him to join the uprising, and also attracted the attention and vigilance of feudal rulers. After getting to know Dai Zhong, Li Kui jy and Zhang Shun inside and outside the prison camp, Sung River completed the preparations for rebellion. Xunyanglou's public chanting of anti-poetry is a bet on his own life. On the one hand, he put his life and death at risk, on the other hand, he knows it well and is full of confidence in victory. Shuihu and Jiangzhou heroes will definitely help each other.

As we all know, Cai Jiu, the magistrate, has a close relationship with Cai Taishi in Beijing, and the nursery rhymes in Beijing soon spread to Jiangzhou Prefecture. Sung river ponder good time, began to begin. The Xunyang Building in Jiangzhou, with the largest passenger flow, was selected. He borrowed drunkenness to cover up, borrowed a pen and inkstone from a restaurant and wrote an anti-poem, publicly leaving his native place and military status just corresponding to the nursery rhymes in Shi Jing. In this way, every step of development is doomed: the anti-poetry will definitely reach the hands of Cai Jiu's magistrate, who will find it easy to take Song Jiang, and heroes from all sides will definitely help each other and finally vote for the water margin.

On the 41st time, when Liang Shanpo reunited for a feast, Song Jiang talked about Shi Jing's nursery rhymes and deified himself deliberately, which initially surpassed the castellan's classics in the spiritual belief of conformity heroes.