Top ten favorite drinking countries in the world, award-winning countries

There is a joke that the British love wine three times: yesterday, today and tomorrow. Wine has helped the British overcome many traditional constraints. A relationship begins in a bar and ends in a bar. Some people say that British pubs are a big stage of life, and you can often see dramatic endings. The most representative is bitter beer.

The British are good at mixing wine, and the British "whisky" was officially put into production in 1839. Today's "whisky" is brewed from rye, oats, corn and other raw materials. As the British say, "mixing is an art". The most imitative Japanese have always wanted to know what the British "mix" is, but until now, they have only imitated the "art" of amateurs. British people's ability to mix wine is far behind. China has a long history of wine-making, with a variety of famous wines, which enjoys a high reputation at home and abroad. Yellow rice wine is one of the oldest wines in the world. About 3000 years ago, during the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, China people created the compound fermentation method of distiller's yeast and began to brew a large number of yellow rice wine. About 1000 years ago in the Song Dynasty, China people invented the distillation method, and since then, liquor has become the main liquor for China people to drink. Wine permeates the whole 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization, and plays an important role in China people's life from literary and artistic creation, cultural entertainment to diet and cooking, health care and so on.

Prehistory: Before the earliest 5,000-year Chinese civilization-prehistoric times, wild fruits collected by primitive tribes were moldy after long-term storage, and then the smell of wine was formed. After a preliminary taste, they thought that the water flowing out of the mold was also delicious, so they started the wine-making culture. In primitive society, wine-making has become very popular in China. In ancient times, wine was unfiltered mash, which was pasty and semi-liquid. For this wine, it is not suitable for drinking, but for eating, so the drinking utensils are generally utensils, such as bowls and bowls.

Xia Dynasty: Wine culture was very popular in Xia Dynasty, and businessmen were good at drinking. In the Xia Dynasty, there was a wine vessel called Jue, which was the earliest known bronze ware in China and played a specific and important role in the history of China. As the old saying goes, "Du Kang makes wine". As the fifth king of Xia Dynasty, Du Kang made wine himself, which shows that people paid attention to wine at that time. 10, the villagers held a drinking ceremony at the local school: "Wash the frost in September, 10, friends like to kill lambs, go to court every day, and talk about endless life." This poem fully shows the wine culture of Xia Dynasty.

Shang Dynasty: In Shang Dynasty, the wine-making industry was very developed, the bronze ware making technology was improved, and the wine vessels in China reached unprecedented prosperity. With a complete set of wine-making experience, the clans of "Changshao clan" and "Weishao clan" appeared, which specialized in making wine vessels for a living. At that time, there were liquor, fermented grains, bottles and other liquors, and the drinking atmosphere was very prosperous, especially among the nobles. Heavy drinking attracted the attention of the Shang rulers. Zhou Wang wine pool, wine with beauty all day long, leaving the Shang Dynasty's "debauchery culture".

Zhou dynasty: Zhou dynasty strongly advocated "wine ceremony" and "wine morality" and restricted the use of wine mainly for sacrifice, so "wine sacrifice culture" appeared. Wine ceremony became the strictest etiquette in the Zhou Dynasty, and the rural drinking custom in the Zhou Dynasty took rural doctors and Chu Shi sages as guests. Drinking, especially for the elderly, is very generous. "Sixty people have three beans, seventy people have four beans, eighty people have five beans, and ninety people have six beans." Its folk custom of respecting the elderly is vividly displayed in the folk activities with wine as the main body. This is the "wine culture" of the Zhou Dynasty.

Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period: During the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, the production technology was greatly improved due to the use of iron. Farmers "go out early and come back late, it is better to plow fields and plant trees and marry more millet", which has improved their enthusiasm for production, greatly developed their productivity and greatly increased their material wealth. This provides a material basis for the further development of wine, so there are many records about wine in the literature of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period:

"The Analects of Confucius": "In the past, there were gentlemen who drank and drank."

"The Book of Songs July Quiet Wind": "The rice is harvested in October, so the eyebrows are celebrated with spring wine."

The Book of Songs Xiaoya Jiri: "Customers care about it." Yi, a kind of wine, is sweet wine.

"Book of Rites and Moon Order": "Xia Mengyue, the son of heaven drinks alcohol and uses rites and music." "Nian" is a kind of re-brewed wine, which is a kind of wine to be drunk with music, meaning to be drunk in grand activities.

"Book of Rites Jade Algae": "Everyone who respects will give Yuan wine, only to gentlemen, only to savages, and all to wine. Doctors respect wood and scholars respect wood. " Shangyuan wine, with homesickness, is your exclusive drink. In the Spring and Autumn Period, China people and savages refer to ordinary people. Paying savages all the wine means letting them eat ordinary food and drink ordinary wine. Wood and prohibition are the grades of wine glasses.

From Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, especially the nomadic people in the north, their wine vessels were mainly bronze products. Brewing technology has been significantly improved, and the quality of wine has also been greatly improved. The drinking method is: put the brewed wine into a bronze bottom pot, then scoop it up with a bronze spoon and put it into a bronze cup for drinking.

Qin and Han Dynasties: With the economic prosperity of Qin Dynasty, the brewing industry naturally prospered. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, a kind of "wine administration culture" appeared. The rulers repeatedly banned alcohol from the height of "stressing politics" and advocated abstinence to reduce food consumption, which was finally repeated. In the Han Dynasty, the understanding of wine was further broadened, and the use of wine was also widely expanded. Zhang Zhongjing, a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, used wine to treat diseases, and his level was quite high. Harmonious human relations and offering sacrifices to ancestors are the basic functions of wine culture in Han dynasty, and music-oriented is the spiritual core of wine culture in Han dynasty. After Qin and Han dynasties, the color of "ceremony" in wine culture became more and more intense, and the wine ceremony was strict. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the wine culture changed from being mainly happy to being mainly sad.

In the Han Dynasty, drinking was gradually associated with various festivals, forming a unique drinking day, and there were more kinds of koji. In Han Dynasty, drinking was generally sitting on the floor, with wine bottles in the middle of the floor and spoons and drinking utensils on the floor, so it was short and fat.

Three Kingdoms: As the development period of Chinese wine culture, the Three Kingdoms period has made great progress in technology, raw materials and types. During the Three Kingdoms period, the drinking style was extremely prosperous, fierce and addicted to alcohol. When commenting on the wine style of the Three Kingdoms, Mr. Tao quoted such a passage: "During the Three Kingdoms period, drinking style was quite prosperous, and Nanjing had the title of Sanya and Heshuo had summer drinking." The wind of persuading the three countries to drink wine is also quite strong, and the means of drinking is also fierce.

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: During the Qin and Han Dynasties, abstinence was advocated. It was not until the Wei and Jin Dynasties that wine was legal and people were allowed to make wine freely. The phenomenon of private brewing and drinking is quite common, the wine market is very prosperous, and there is a wine tax, which has become one of the country's financial resources, so there is a "wine wealth culture." During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, celebrities drank heavily. With the help of alcohol, people express their feelings about life, their worries about society and their sighs about history. The function of wine sneaked into people's hearts, thus expanding the cultural connotation of wine.

In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, sitting on the bed became popular and the wine vessels became thinner. In addition, during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the custom of "winding water and floating clouds" appeared, which promoted the way forward for wine.

Sui and Tang Dynasties: The wine culture in Tang and Song Dynasties is a close relationship between wine and literati. The prosperity of Tang poetry promoted the development of wine culture, and a brilliant "wine chapter culture" appeared. Wine and poetry, wine and music, wine and calligraphy, wine and art, wine and painting, etc. In harmony with each other, in full swing. The Tang Dynasty is a period of high development of Chinese wine culture, which is profound, colorful and brilliant. "Wine promotes poetry" is the most concentrated and embodied culture in the Tang Dynasty. Wine promoted the poet's poetry, thus internalizing it in his poems, and wine also rose from the material level to the spiritual level. Wine culture is fully brewed in Tang poetry, and its taste is mellow and long. In the Tang Dynasty, the number of wine establishments increased day by day, and wine culture was integrated into the daily life of China people.

In the Tang Dynasty, people advocated "wine is a rich instrument". The ways of drinking are mostly after meals, which are called "drinking after meals", "drinking after meals" and "cooking chickens for food and drinking after meals". At that time, the way of drinking was to drink after eating, to be happy when eating and drinking, not to get drunk easily, and to have more fun by drinking.

Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties: The wine culture in Song Dynasty is the continuation and development of the wine culture in Tang Dynasty, which is richer than the wine culture in Tang Dynasty and closer to our present wine culture. The wine industry is booming and hotels are everywhere. Hotels in Song Dynasty emphasized the cultural individuality of famous brands. The northern nationalities in the Jin Dynasty were famous for their binge drinking and rich wine culture, while the Jin Dynasty had a pot-burning wine culture. Soju (Araghi wine) appeared in the Yuan Dynasty. Besides, the distillation method was invented in the Song Dynasty, and since then, liquor has become the main drink of China people.

Ming and Qing Dynasties: The uprising of Ming Dynasty continued, the Qing Dynasty did not resist the invasion of foreign enemies, the people moved around to avoid suffering, and the formation of regional culture promoted the emergence of "wine culture". After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, wine has become an indispensable drink in people's lives. On holidays, "special wine" is very popular, such as drinking pepper and cypress wine on the New Year's Day, drinking wine on the fifteenth day of the first month, drinking calamus wine on the Dragon Boat Festival, drinking osmanthus wine on the Mid-Autumn Festival and drinking chrysanthemum wine on Chongyang. In the Qing Dynasty, there was a saying that "wine is the hometown and the capital is the best". At that time, the dignitaries in Beijing advocated yellow rice wine, while the middle and lower classes preferred shochu with low price and rich flavor.

The Ming and Qing Dynasties can be said to be another peak for China to serve as a drinker. Drinking pays special attention to the word "Chen", taking Chen as the surname of wine, and "the better the wine, the better". In addition, the wine channel is pushed to the realm of self-cultivation, and the wine list is varied. Everything in the world, people, flowers and plants, fish and insects, poems and songs, operas and novels, and seasonal customs are all in good order, among which there are many elegant ones, which push China's wine culture from the elegant palace to the popular folk, and from the popularity of celebrities and gentlemen to the hobbies in the streets. Promote ordinary drinking to the lofty status of talking about wine, worshipping drinking utensils, making wine orders and knowing how to drink.

New China: At present, the core of wine culture is "wine man culture". People's wine behavior is more common, wine is more closely related to people's fate, wine is widely integrated into people's lives, and the wine culture close to "life" has been enriched and developed as never before. Such as birthday party, wedding party, funeral party, etc. , as well as related wine customs and wine rituals, have become the content of life. Drinking is actually a way of life in Russia. Russia has Siberian winters and prosperous literature. These all need wine. Of course, the most famous wine is vodka.

Russians are used to drinking a lot. Russia is famous for vodka. Vodka is a kind of strong liquor, which will make your throat "hot" when you drink it. Russians are used to drinking and toasting in large glasses, so there is no chance to cover a bottle of wine after it is opened. When Russians drink vodka, they must first purr from their throats. According to legend, this is a "tradition" left by Peter the Great. French people may laugh at the elegant drinking habits of other European countries, and they will always be proud of their red wine. In France, you must drink red wine for every meal except breakfast. And it is very cheap, sometimes even cheaper than mineral water. French people like red wine. They will always be proud and won't touch Belgian beer.

The French like good wine. The French like delicate drinks, so we must slowly slide the wine from the tip of the tongue to the throat, because once the wine falls into the esophagus, it will not taste the best, so the better the wine, the slower it will be. French champagne and wine are world-famous. Champagne is for celebration. As long as there are festive days, the French will open champagne and raise a glass to celebrate. Korea is a country that attaches great importance to wine. In addition to helping people get rid of depression, drinking has become a lubricant that Korean businessmen need when doing business. When people in a company drink together, alcohol can make the "hierarchy" between superiors and subordinates disappear. This can't happen at ordinary times.

The most famous drinking method in Korea is probably the "bomb"-put a small glass of whisky in a large glass of beer. It is said that there are dozens of bombs in Korea, and different wines have different names.

Korean wines are lighter and have lower alcohol content than Japanese wines. In Korean dramas, both male and female protagonists can "binge drink" in succession. Korean drinkers have also developed a way to improve the taste of wine: adding lemon juice and sea salt to a glass feels as refreshing as drinking tequila in a bar. Germany is not the largest beer consumer in Europe (the Czech Republic is), but it seems that Germany is closely related to beer. This is due to the world-famous Oktoberfest in Munich. There are many kinds of beer in Germany, among which Baltic beer, barley beer and malt beer are famous. Beer can be bought everywhere in Germany, whether at gas stations or newsstands.

Germany is famous for beer, Oktoberfest, beer garden, beer sausage and beer underground house … Germans enjoy beer in different ways. German beer mug is the largest wine glass in the world, and one glass can hold one liter! In addition, there is the saying that "beer is cold" and "beer corpse", which is puzzling. "Cold beer" describes people who are natural and graceful, and "beer corpse" refers to people lying on the side of the road who have drunk too much. Australia used to be a very drinkable country. Bob hawke, Australian Prime Minister from 1983 to 199 1, once won the Guinness World Record for drinking 2.5 pints (1 pint =0.473 liters) of beer in 2.5 seconds. If you drink with Australians, you must know their habit of "shouting for more wine". This means that once you accept someone's drink in a bar, you should order one for everyone in return-it costs a lot of money. The most traditional wine in Australia is Chardonnay or wine named "Sav".

Australia is a country that lives on the wheels of a car because of its vast territory and sparsely populated. Without a car, it is difficult to live, to dress, to live and to travel. Moreover, the unique dry climate makes frozen beer the favorite of Australians all year round. Just as China people love tea, beer is their "ghost tea" every day.