I want to find some information about Shanwei.

A preliminary study on marriage and childbearing customs in Shanwei

marry

In the old society, people always listened to their parents' orders and matchmakers' words, emphasizing the right match and following the ancient custom of "Six Rites". The process is as follows:

Get married. First of all, the matchmaker sent the wedding card of the woman's birthday to the man's house, and asked the fortune teller to get married on the birthday of both men and women, thinking that the zodiac signs of both sides should not conflict before they can get married. It's usually said by the matchmaker.

Hire. When the marriage is right, we will have a blind date. The woman went to the man's house to see his family situation, which was called "stepping on the family style". If there is no objection, you can negotiate employment, and list the amount of the dowry of the man and the dowry of the woman on the red discount card (marriage certificate) in version 12. The mantissa of the engagement fee should have the number "4", which is homophonic with "the world" and takes a good sign of "handed down from generation to generation". Dan Hong's post will be sent to the woman's home by the matchmaker for approval, and then the engagement can be sent. Hakka mountain wedding custom, after employment, the woman's relatives go home, and the woman stays at the man's house for accommodation.

Send employment. Also known as Nacai (commonly known as drinking). On auspicious days, the man sends bride price and "four-color gifts" such as sesame, tea, pig's trotters and cakes to the woman's home. After the woman was hired, she sent back candied beans, glutinous rice cakes and courtiers (Reineckea carnea). As well as banquets for close relatives and distribution of engagement cakes to relatives and friends.

Send the day. The man chooses the wedding date and writes a red post to the woman's house. The woman began to prepare the dowry. Before marriage, the woman should ask someone to pull her face for plastic surgery, commonly known as "opening her face." Then when he was eleven or twelve years old, he took off the tea branches stuffed in his ears and put on the gold earrings given to his daughter by the man or his parents to get married.

Get married. Hanging lanterns and putting up red couplets in front of men's houses. The matchmaker led the sedan chair to the bride's house to get married. The bride said goodbye to her parents and got into the sedan chair (the Hakka people were helped into the sedan chair by a "lucky man"). Then the music is played and firecrackers are fired, and the bride's brother (to marry her uncle), sister (to marry her aunt) and maid of honor follow the sedan chair to the man's door. The groom knocked on the roof of the car three times with a white fan in his hand, kicked the car door three times and opened it. Then the bride's red cloth was helped out of the car door by the "lucky girl" and led into the hall while writing four auspicious words. The bride and groom worship heaven and earth first, then their ancestors, then their parents and uncles, and then husband and wife worship each other. After the ceremony, send the bride into the bridal chamber. Before going to bed that night, the couple ate glutinous rice sweet pills, which were called "Where Pills".

On that afternoon or evening, the man feted all his relatives and friends, and the groom frequently toasted the guests at each banquet. The bride and groom exchanged glasses and drank wine. In the evening, neighbors, men, women and children come to see the bride, eat wedding candy and get married. The bride should offer tea to her elders and neighbors. After drinking tea, worshippers will give the bride red envelopes or gold and silver jewelry, which is called "lucky money". On the full moon after marriage, the bride's family arranges gifts to organize relatives, neighbors and other women to visit the groom's house, and the bride holds a luncheon for warm reception, commonly known as "eating the moon".

In addition, there are other forms of marriage, such as the adoption of a husband's wife, the marriage of a child bride, and finger-to-belly marriage.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the state promulgated the New Marriage Law. Equality between men and women and free love. When they reach the legal age, they will go to the local civil affairs department for marriage registration. Weddings have also been simplified and diversified. When getting married, men often use bicycles to marry the bride and carry a dowry. Men and women in schools and government agencies usually hold tea parties for simple weddings and entertain relatives, friends and colleagues. And invited the unit leader to be the officiating person. At the wedding, the bride and groom exchanged bows, bows, singing and other programs with an active atmosphere. In the late 1980s, with the development of economy, people talked about ostentation and extravagance when they got married and kept up with each other. When they get married, they use cars with Chinese characters and flowers to transport the bride. Many cars are used to transport the dowry of their uncles, aunts, relatives and friends, color TVs, refrigerators, air conditioners and so on. In the evening, a wedding banquet combining Chinese and western styles was held in a big restaurant. The groom in a suit and the bride in a wedding dress are accompanied by the best man, bridesmaid and their parents. At the banquet, the host gave a congratulatory message, and the bride and groom hooked up and drank a "toast". Then, accompanied by their parents and close relatives, they toasted their relatives and friends one by one. Some couples hold wedding banquets. However, the customs and ceremonies of the "Six Rites" wedding are basically the same.

grow

Under the influence of feudal traditional thought, the concept of inheriting incense and raising children to prevent old age was extremely profound in the past. Every New Year's Day or God's birthday, they go to the temple to burn incense and pray for the blessing of Guanyin Niang and Jinhua Niang. Every year, the Lantern Festival is a festival for people to turn on the lights and ask for heirs. Every village community or ancestral hall should hang lanterns such as "Aoshan Lantern" and "Lantern Festival" and hold lantern festivals, parades and other programs. Every household should also hang red lanterns. Those families who asked their heirs to "leave Ding" last year should hang lanterns at their homes and ancestral shrines. Some joint ventures invite theatrical troupes to perform "Ding Opera" and hold "Ding Wine" and "Ding Tea" to entertain relatives and friends to express their gratitude to God. According to Yuedong Notes, there was a custom of putting water lanterns on the Jinlong River in Haicheng in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Those who seek heirs compete to meet them along the downstream coast. The joy of receiving white lights is a sign of men, and red lights are a sign of women.

According to the custom of Hailufeng, pregnant women are not allowed to go far away and do strenuous exercise, nor are they allowed to do tailoring and sewing before giving birth. No breaking ground, nailing walls, moving beds, etc. The family said that it would move the fetal qi and affect the normal growth of the fetus. The doors and windows of the delivery room should be closed and marked to prevent strangers from breaking in and keep the delivery room quiet. Banyan leaves, thatch, mugwort leaves, calamus, cactus, etc. They are tied into small circles with reddish-brown ropes and hung in front of the delivery room or on the bed account to ward off evil spirits.

In the past, "midwives" were asked to cut the umbilical cord with bamboo poles or scissors. Nowadays, many new methods are used to deliver babies. It is necessary to report the good news to another family after the baby is born. Within seven days, outsiders are not allowed to visit the parturient and strangers are not allowed to visit the newborn. After delivery, women should wear cloth rings on their heads and foreheads, eat ginger vinegar soup and wash vanilla water, and must not touch raw water or walk barefoot. Eat only light nutrients within a few days of the first delivery; Seven days later, we began to eat high-calorie and high-protein nutrients such as ginger, vinegar, eggs and lean meat, stew chicken, eat less vegetables and fruits, and feed more milk to newborns. After more than twenty days, fresh fish can be eaten with it, but the seasoning is still inseparable from ginger vinegar. In order to prevent colds, lying-in women don't leave home for a month, which is called "being pregnant". On the third day after the baby is born, it is called "washing three dynasties" to bathe him with boiled water such as bamboo vegetables, duck tongue phoenix and honeysuckle.