Names of all operas

That's called drama, so there are many names of drama.

Beijing opera

Peking Opera is one of the traditional operas formed in Beijing with a history of nearly 200 years. On the basis of Anhui Opera and Han Opera, it absorbed Beijing Opera such as Kunqu Opera and Shaanxi Opera.

The advantages and specialties of some traditional operas have gradually evolved. The formal formation of Peking Opera was about twenty years in Daoguang (1840). At this time, all kinds of turntables of Peking Opera have been initially possessed, the language characteristics of Peking Opera have basically taken shape, and new changes have taken place in roles and occupations. The music of Peking Opera belongs to the banqiang style, and the lead singers are Huang Er and Xipi, so Peking Opera is also called "Pihuang". Beijing opera singing is characterized by rich tunes, beautiful melodies, ups and downs in rhythm and distinct changes. The vocals and voices of various roles have their own characteristics, which can give full play to the specialties and creativity of various actors. On the basis of inheriting Anhui Opera and Han Opera, the performance absorbed the advantages of local operas such as Kunqu Opera, and gradually formed a set of relatively complete performance means and methods, which developed the artistic means of singing, reading, doing and playing to a high level. Since the formation of Beijing Opera, a large number of outstanding actors have emerged. They have contributed to the innovation and development of Beijing Opera in singing, performance, repertoire and character modeling, and formed many influential schools.

Lü opera

Lu Opera evolved from the rap form of "sitting in the inner room and playing the piano". Originated in Guangrao and Boxing areas in northeastern Shandong; It is distributed in all parts of Shandong Province and is popular in parts of Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other provinces. The aria is a plate variant, the main plate cavity is Siping and Baner, and some tunes such as doll cavity are used alternately. Music singing is simple and popular, and is deeply loved by the masses.

Hu Mei

Hu Mei, also known as Confusion, is one of the major operas in Shaanxi. Popular in Guanzhong area, but also popular in parts of Shanxi, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu and Ningxia. Hu Mei, named after its main theme, is composed of Meixian and Huxian folk songs at the foot of Qinling Mountains. On the one hand, Hu Mei's melody is lingering, sweet and charming, and Hu Mei's language, also known as "confused", is very popular and vivid, and his music style is also very simple. Music structure is a combination of qupai, and many qupai are composed of sentences with different lengths. The accompaniment instruments of plum blossom are mainly three strings, supplemented by banhu and haidi, and the dulcimer, erhu, violin and some percussion instruments of Chinese and western wind music are basically the same as those of Shaanxi Opera.

Ju Ping

The Pingju Opera was originally called Pingqiang Bangzi Opera, commonly known as "Tangshan Luozi" and "Jumping Zi". It was formed in Tangshan, Hebei province 19 10 years ago. The predecessor of Pingju is Hebei East Pingju.

The corresponding of Luanzhou is "Lotus Waterfall". Lotus Waterfall is a form of make-up and singing, including "Sister Wang Sifu" and "She Garden in Yang Er". After the northeast dance (duet) was introduced to Shanhaiguan, the artists of Lotus Fall absorbed the music, drama and performance of the dance, making the counterpart of rap form Lotus Fall into a performing Lotus Fall, which is the embryonic form of Pingju. So later people sometimes called Pingju "jump" or "jump". 1909 After entering Tangshan, "Lianhua Luo" was welcomed by coal miners and was called "Tangshan Luozi". Then, because it absorbed the full set of musical instruments of Hebei Bangzi, it was called "Pingqiang Bangzi Opera" for short. Later, it absorbed Beijing opera, shadow play, drum music and performing arts, and further developed Pingju.

Huangmei Opera

Huangmei Opera The Messenger is the main local opera in Anhui Province. Formerly known as "Huangmeidiao" or "tea-picking drama", it is popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and parts of Hubei, and originated from the tea-picking songs in Huangmei, Hubei. Around Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, folk operas were formed in the adjacent areas of Hubei, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces, mainly singing "two major dramas" and "three minor dramas". After absorbing the music, performing arts and folk music of Qingyang Opera and Huizhou Opera, he put on a big play. The lead singers are Heiji, Huogong, Erxian, Sanxian and Cai Qiang. Small plays often use their own independent vocals. Because it has long been popular in Anqing area with Huaining as the center, singing in local dialect has formed a unique style, so it was once called "Huaiqiang".

Northeast local opera

China's traditional drama was developed on the basis of the Northeast Errenzhuan, and was performed by many people. The music part basically follows the duet, abandoning the color of Quyi and joining drama. Performances in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and other places are more common.

Shaanxi opera

Popular in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other places. Folk tunes originated in Shaanxi-Gansu area and drum drama in Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties were formed in the middle of Ming Dynasty. Influenced by Kunqu Opera, Yi Opera and Qingyang Opera, he clapped his hands with clappers, with a high and intense tone, and was good at expressing majestic, sad and angry feelings.

Yongxi

Popular in Nanning, Baise, Qinzhou and other places in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Qing Daoguang and Xianfeng were formed in Yong Zhou, which was called Nanning in ancient times, hence the name "Yong Opera". It is developed on the basis of Binyang Opera and Wuming Old Opera, and belongs to the Pihuang system. The aria and repertoire are similar to those of Guangxi Opera, and they also absorb some artistic factors of Cantonese Opera. The performance is simple and rough, and Wushu has special skills such as "climbing mountains and mountains", "jumping chairs" and "rolling rattan cards". It gradually disappeared before liberation and was reborn after liberation.

Liu Zi Opera [a local drama popular in western Shandong]

Also known as "Black Opera". Popular in Shandong and parts of Jiangsu and Henan. Formerly known as "Liu Ziqiang", it was developed from string ditties such as Gaoshan, Huangyinger, Zaogan and Liu Zi, which were popular in Henan and Shandong provinces in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and was sung by "Roll". Traditional plays, such as Huang Sang Store, hanging dragon lanterns, playing and jumping on boats, are all in the old style. Tunes can be divided into four categories: Yuediao, Pingdiao, Downward, Erbadiao, etc. I also sing Diaodiao and Kundiao. Accompaniment instruments are mainly sanxian, sheng and flute, and later pipa and flute are added.

Nanchang caicha

"Lantern Festival" and "Tea Picking in December", which originated in Nanchang during the light years of the Qing Dynasty, were formed in the late Qing Dynasty after lantern show, three-legged class and half-class stage. Popular in Nanchang, Xinjian, Anyi and other places. The main tunes are "Tea Light Tone" and "Climbing Bamboo Shoots Tone", "Miao Mai Tone" and "Xiahe Tone" which evolved from "Tea Light Tone". The erhu accompanied by music has the playing method of "playing the piano with flowers", which is divided into two types: middle bow and short bow. The short bow has bow method, vibrato method, sliding method and fingering method.

Huaihai drama

Formerly known as "Huaihai Opera" and "Henan Opera". China traditional drama. Popular in Jiangsu Siyang, Shuyang, Guanyun, Lianyungang and other places. It began in the late Qing Dynasty and performed in the form of a stall, and then gradually developed into a stage play. The tune is simple and beautiful, and it is good at "pulling the soul cavity". The accompaniment instrument is mainly composed of three strings, so it is commonly called "three-enclosed". Lato drama is also called "Little Luozi". China traditional drama. It developed from the duet of Quyi, so it is also called "duet" customarily. There are more than fifty traditional plays, among which Answering a Cup, Rolling Pin by Liang, Biography of Hanjiang River and Visiting the Sick by Er Yi are the most influential ones. Modern plays edited and performed after liberation include Glorious Lamp and New Mother-in-law.

Cai Diao

Popular in most areas of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Originally called "tune" or "tea picking", it has a history of about 200 years. After liberation, it was named "color flirting". It was formed on the basis of Guangxi folk songs, dances and rap literature, and once interacted with Hunan ancient painting opera, Jiangxi tea-picking opera and Yunnan lantern opera. Most of the music vocals are lively and lively, with a strong flavor of life. During the performance, they sang and danced with local flavor. Guangxi musical Liu Sanjie was created on the basis of tonal music and performance.

Puxian Opera

Formerly known as "Xinghua Opera", it is popular in Putian and Xianyou counties in Xinghua and Xinghua dialect areas in south-central Fujian. Named after its birthplace used to belong to Xinghua Prefecture. Xinghua Opera was popular in the middle of Ming Dynasty and developed greatly in Qing Dynasty. In the early 1950s, it was renamed Puxian Opera. Puxian Opera was developed and formed on the basis of ancient "hundred operas". Puxian Opera, as an ancient drama of Southern Opera in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, has been influenced by Fujian Opera, Beijing Opera and civilized opera since modern times. However, due to factors such as voice, dialect and appreciation customs, it has always maintained its own unique style and features and has not been assimilated by other operas. This kind of drama is famous for its amazing artistic form of "strangeness, antiquity and strangeness" in preserving ancient plays, musical tunes, performance ceremonies and performance programs.

Liao opera

Liao Opera was originally a shadow play in southern Liaoning. Shadow play in southern Liaoning was born more than 300 years ago and has developed into a shadow play in southern Liaoning for more than 50 years. Clear and clear, beautiful singing, both ancient shadow play and modern singing, deeply loved by the audience in southern Liaoning and even Liaoning Province. In June 2002, 65438+ 10 was identified as the only local opera in Liaoning province.

Henan opera; Yu Opera；Henan Opera

Henan Opera is also called "Henan Bangzi" and "Henan High-profile". It spread in parts of Henan and neighboring provinces, and was formed by combining local folk songs after Shaanxi Opera and Zhou Pu Bangzi were introduced into Henan in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that it evolved directly from the chord tune of the Northern Song Dynasty, with a bang and a clear rhythm. There are two schools of Henan Opera, namely, Eastern Henan Tune and Western Henan Tune. Eastern Henan tune is centered on Shangqiu and Kaifeng, with a high pitch, and its singing is generally falsetto, which is called "Upper Five Tunes". The western Henan tune is centered on Luoyang, with a low tone, and the singing is generally in true voice, which is called "the next five tones".

Wuxi drama

"Tin Opera" is one of the major local operas in Jiangsu Province. Originated in the rural areas of Wuxi and Changzhou on the coast of Taihu Lake. Popular in southern Jiangsu and Shanghai. Good at lyricism, with strong Jiangnan characteristics and water town interest. The basic tunes are Laochun tune, Rinrin tune, Continental tune, Changsanjiao tune, Mourning tune and Lao Dan tune.

Gaojia opera

From the late Ming Dynasty, a costume parade popular in rural areas of southern Fujian was developed, dressed as Liangshan heroes and performing martial arts. It is also the most widely circulated local opera with the largest audience among various operas in southern Fujian. The performing arts of Gaojia Opera are partly from Liyuan Opera and Puppet Opera, and partly from Yiyang Opera, Huizhou Opera and Beijing Opera. In terms of roles, the performances of Tsing Yi, Wensheng and Hua Dan in the literary drama are mainly the movements of Liyuan Opera, which are graceful, delicate and strong in dance. The performances of Wu Sheng, Wu Dan, Lao Sheng and Jing Jiao have a strong Peking Opera flavor. The costumes of Gaojia Opera are the same as those of Beijing Opera, but with different names. At first, the facial makeup was only red, black and white, and later it imitated the makeup of Peking Opera.

Huai opera

Huai Opera is one of the major operas in Jiangsu, with a history of more than 200 years. The local name of Huai Opera is also called "Three Gangs", which can be explained from three aspects: one is Xiang Opera, with a group of professional singers engaged in superstitious activities of praying for God and seeking happiness; The second is folk rap, such as singing "door exclaim" along the door, singing small print and folk pop tunes, paddy fields and gongs and drums. Thirdly, Huizhou Opera, which is a popular Huizhou class in He Lixia River. These three aspects are gradually combined, especially influenced by Huizhou opera, and gradually form the form of Huai opera, which is performed by professional classes and clubs.

Liuqin Opera [a local opera popular in parts of Jiangsu Province]

Liuqin Opera is one of the main operas in Jiangsu Province, which is distributed in the vast area at the junction of Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Anhui provinces. Because of its thrilling charm, it has always been called "thrilling cavity" by the people. In the early 1950s, its main accompaniment instrument "Liuyeqin" was officially named "Liuqin Opera". During its development, Liuqin Opera has integrated local folk music and opera music from surrounding areas, and gradually formed its own complete vocal music system, with rich content and gorgeous timbre, which is deeply loved by the audience and never tires of listening.

Nanci

"Nanci" was originally a folk art of sitting and singing, which was introduced to Fujian from Suzhou in the Qing Dynasty. Nanping Nanci is the product of the combination of this singing method with the local language and folk music in Nanping area. After being preached, sorted and excavated by folk artists and professional literary and art workers, it developed into a drama and was put on the stage in the early 1950s. Because the operas are young, Putonghua is used as the language of operas. Modern operas are mainly composed and performed, which are very popular with audiences, especially young audiences.

Shangdang luozi

Shangdang Luozi is a local opera in the southeast of Shanxi Province (Shangdang County in ancient times). Because of its development and formation in Licheng County, Shanxi Province, it is also called Licheng Luozi. Shangdang Lazi is a tributary of Wu 'an Lazi in Hebei Province. /kloc-0 In the winter of 954, the Second Branch of Changzhi District People's Theatre participated in the first opera performance in Shanxi Province on behalf of the whole region, and was named Shangdang Luozi.

Shanghai opera

Shanghai Opera is a local opera in Shanghai, which was formed in Shanghai and mainly distributed in Shanghai, southern Jiangsu, Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou and other places in Zhejiang, belonging to the Tanquan system. Shanghai opera originated from Tiantou folk songs in Shanghai and Jiangsu and Zhejiang rural areas, formerly known as ancient painting opera. After entering the city, it was renamed as the local beach spring, also known as "Bentan". It was called "flexion and extension" in the 1920s and appeared in the early 40s. It was not until after War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory that it was generally called Shanghai Opera, which was a younger kind of drama. There are many popular operas in Shanghai, but only Shanghai Opera is the only local opera that has emerged and grown up in Shanghai. It originated from the folk, with vivid language, soft music and euphemistic sounds, and has a strong emotional appeal of Jiangnan water town.

Yunnan lantern

One of Yunnan local operas. It is gradually formed on the basis of folk songs and dances, and it is mainly popular in areas inhabited by Han people and areas inhabited by Han people and ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province. Especially popular in rural areas and small towns. In Kunming, there is a saying that "there are lanterns in villages with fireworks". According to incomplete statistics, lanterns are popular in more than 80 counties in Yunnan. Due to historical and geographical reasons, Yunnan Lantern Festival has gradually formed ten branches: Kunming Lantern Festival, Chenggong Lantern Festival, Yuxi Lantern Festival, Midu Lantern Festival, Yao 'an Lantern Festival, Dayao Lantern Festival, Chuxiong Lantern Festival, Lufeng Lantern Festival, Yuanmou Lantern Festival, Jianshui Lantern Festival, Mengzi Lantern Festival, Songming Lantern Festival, Qujing Lantern Festival, Luoping Lantern Festival, Wenshan Lantern Festival, Qiubei Lantern Festival and so on. They are similar to each other and have similar basic characteristics. In addition, Yunnan Flower Drum is popular in Panxian, Xingyi and Huili, Sichuan. They are similar in music, music and dance. And it seems to be related by blood. However, due to years of separate development, they have formed their own independent dramas.

San tiao Dao Qing land and resources bureau

Yixing three-hop Taoist drama, named after Yixing place name. Its predecessor was Talking about Cause and Effect, which was popular in Taihu Lake area in the south of the Yangtze River. Later, it took root in Yixing. When singing, it is accompanied by bamboo boards and wooden boards, so it is called "three jumps of Taoism". Yixing three-level Taoist drama sung in Yixing dialect has formed its own artistic characteristics: formal beauty, vocal beauty and local language. In particular, its rich tunes and beautiful singing make it good at narration and lyricism, which is conducive to the promotion of dramatic contradictions and the portrayal of dramatic characters. This is a unique form of opera on the west bank of Taihu Lake.

Haimen Mountain Opera

Haimen is located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province, bordering the Yangtze River in the south and Shanghai in the south. It is called the North Gate of Shanghai. After the mid-Qing Dynasty, Wu Ge was introduced by immigrants from the south of the Yangtze River, and was orally sung by the working people in Haimen for generations, which developed into Haimen folk songs circulating in China. 1In August, 958, with the support of the provincial and local governments, Haimen County Government formally established a professional Haimen Folk Song Troupe, a brand-new drama, which was active on the banks of the rivers and seas. Haimen Mountain opera is beautiful and simple, fresh and smooth, with strong local flavor and distinctive local characteristics.

Gannan tea-picking opera

Gannan tea-picking opera is one of the most local operas in Jiangxi Province. It has a history of 400 years, developed on the basis of folk lanterns and folk songs and dances in southern Jiangxi, and has more than 100 traditional plays, which are quite influential in Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan and Guangxi. Gannan tea-picking drama has a strong local flavor of Gannan and Hakka characteristics, with beautiful singing and humorous language. The performance is different from the lively and dexterous high and low steps of other operas, with flowers, long sleeves and singing and dancing. The outstanding dramas of Gannan tea-picking opera include Four Little King Kong, Little Plum, Shoe Mending, Snake Fishing, Young and Old Matching and so on. Donkey kong's anti-love, great persuasion, went to selling groceries, Guangdong Province, and there were also large-scale traditional dramas "Tea Picking in Jiulong Mountain", small dramas "Trying Wife" and "Shuanglong Phoenix Knife".

Northern Shaanxi storytelling drama

Storytelling in northern Shaanxi is a popular folk art form in the Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi. There are nine tones and eighteen tones. Men and women are in the same tune, talking is like singing, singing is like talking, characters jump in and out, and the melody is euphemistic. The main musical instrument is the three-stringed or curved pipa. In recent years, Yan 'an Quyi Museum has made a reform attempt, putting the storytelling in northern Shaanxi on the stage and developing it into a storytelling drama in northern Shaanxi.

Jiujiang tea-picking opera

Jiujiang tea-picking drama, formerly known as tea lantern drama, is commonly known as tea-picking drama, and it is called tea-picking drama after entering the semi-class form. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, it was widely spread in Jiujiang county and counties under the jurisdiction of Jiujiang government, hence the name Jiujiang tea-picking drama. The Song Dynasty was divided into two factions: Nanhe and Beihe. This drama is a tea-picking drama of Nanhe School, which is popular in Jiujiang County. Voice cavity can be divided into five categories: flat cavity, colorful cavity, Chinese cavity, miscellaneous cavity and Qupai. In the initial performance, percussion instruments were used instead of bowstring instruments, musicians sat in front of the canopy in Taichung, actors sang at the front desk of the band, and everyone helped in the background.

Zang/Tibetan opera

The Tibetan name of Tibetan opera is "Ajram", which means "Sister Fairy". It is said that Tibetan Opera was first performed by Seven Sisters, and most of the plays were fairy tales in Buddhist scriptures, hence the name. Tibetan opera originated from Tibetan religious art in the 8th century. /kloc-in the 0/7th century, it was separated from the religious ceremonies in monasteries, and gradually formed a life-like performance with singing as the main part, combining basic programs such as singing, reading, dancing, table tennis and acrobatics. Tibetan opera sings loudly and forcefully, basically because people set the tone, and every aria is helped by people. Tibetan opera was originally a square opera, accompanied by a drum and a cymbal, and there were no other musical instruments.

Lei Ju

Lei Ju is a local opera in Guangdong, and it is also a unique opera only popular in Lei Ju District of Leizhou Dialect in Leizhou Peninsula, with strong and distinctive local characteristics. Lei Ju performed in Leizhou dialect, with Lei Hu as the main accompaniment instrument, with a complete vocal system and beautiful tunes. Vocal music works are mainly plate-shaped structures, including 65,438+065,438+0 plates, such as acoustic thunder powder, slow allegro, high-pitched thunder powder, medium allegro, high platform feather slow, medium board, high platform palace tune medium board, and mixed acoustic cavity slow board. According to the plot and different artistic conception, female voices and male and female voices are adopted.

Shaoxing opera

Yue Opera, also known as Yue Opera, is one of the five major operas of Han nationality in China and the second largest opera in China at present. Yue Opera is good at lyric, mainly singing, with beautiful voice, real and moving performance and full of Jiangnan spirit. Most of them are dramas with the theme of "gifted scholars and beautiful women", and there are many artistic schools. Mainly popular in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Fujian and so on. In its heyday, except for Tibet, Guangdong, Guangxi and a few other provinces and regions, there were professional theatrical troupes all over the country. According to preliminary statistics, there are more than 280, and there are thousands of amateur troupes, too many to count. It also has a high popularity and a broad mass base overseas, and should be the most widely circulated local drama. Approved by the State Council on May 20, 2006, it was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Personally, I think some statements are biased ~ ~ ~ ~