What festivals do ethnic minorities in China have in September?

September in the solar calendar is probably July and August in the lunar calendar, right?

Women's festival

Daughter's Day is popular in Guangyuan area. According to legend, the mother of Empress Wu Zetian of the Tang Dynasty was pregnant while swimming in Guangyuan River bend, and she died in Wu Zetian of Hiuke on the 23rd day of the first lunar month. On this day, people flocked to Shengze Temple, Zetianba and Jialing River to play. The women dressed up and invited each other to swim along the river bend for good luck. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, this activity was once interrupted. 1988, Guangyuan municipal government decided to resume this folk festival and named it "Daughter's Day", and set it on September 1 day of Gregorian calendar.

In the Naxi area around Lijiang, Yunnan, there are also two "Cattle Foot Wash Meetings" every year from June 20th to 30th and September 10 to 30th. These two periods are just after the busy farming in spring and autumn, so people need to have a rest, so they choose one day in the above two periods to hold a dinner in the whole village, wash the cows, feed them 12 wheat cakes and a bundle of grass, and hang a string of wheat cakes on the cowshed to show comfort.

Every year on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, the Gelao people have an "August Festival" to welcome the harvest, or it is also called "Yinggu Festival". The Gelao people attach great importance to this festival, which will last for two days. Everyone dressed in festive costumes gathered in the hollow field of the village, and several strong men led the Daniel with red flowers to the field, chanting greetings first and silently praying for a bumper harvest. Then, the band played the music of "Eight Immortals", fired guns and set off firecrackers, then killed cook the meat and Niu, divided the beef equally among the families, and let the parents take it home to offer sacrifices to their ancestors, which showed the unity of the whole village. Ethnic elders will also offer a pig, a chicken and a duck as three sacrifices in front of the Bodhisattva tree. After the sacrifice, people held a dinner party, and the young people sang and danced in the moonlight and had a good time. The next day, fresh grains, melons and fruits were collected from the fields for family banquets. After the banquet, the women took their children and gave gifts to their relatives to congratulate them. Young people still sing and dance all day to welcome the harvest. After the festival, the autumn harvest begins.

According to the legend of Miao people in Chengbu County, Hunan Province, there was a time in ancient times when there was chaos and people fled. Eight girls came here and saw that the land was fertile and sparsely populated, so they planted seeds here and had a bumper harvest that year. They settled down and developed the land to make the place rich. Therefore, after the autumn harvest every year, the Miao people here brew sorghum wine to entertain their relatives and friends, and * * * commemorates the eight girls who opened up wasteland here, forming a "stereotyped writing festival" to congratulate the harvest.

People of all ethnic groups have entered the autumn harvest season after hard work in spring and summer. In order to celebrate the harvest, many ethnic groups have various festivals to eat new rice and celebrate the harvest. This is a happy and festive day, and hard work has been rewarded by nature.

The Tibetan Fruit Festival in Tibet is a famous festival to pray for a bumper harvest. In Tibetan, "Wang" means "Tian" and "Guo" means "Zhuan", and Wanguo Festival is also a festival of Zhuan. It has no fixed date, and it is held on an auspicious day before the autumn harvest matures and the "bird king" (geese) flies south. This festival lasts for three to five days. Gyangze and Shigatse are around the middle of July in the lunar calendar, and Lhasa begins on the first day of August. As early as 1500 years ago, poor and clean Tibetans in the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River still believed in primitive religions. They interpret wind, rain, thunder and lightning as disasters caused by gods. Therefore, when the crops are about to mature in autumn, they wander in the fields in droves, praying for the protection of the gods. It is said that this is the request of the leader of this Sect to teach farmers to encircle the land for a bumper harvest at the request of the Tibetan king Bude Gongxian. They took the village as a unit, with incense burners and banners leading the way, and then the leader held a wooden stick with Hada "Da Da" and took the leg of lamb as the leader to show the meaning of "closing the soil for a bumper harvest"; Followed by villagers with barley ears. The villagers gathered around the fields and put the ears of wheat on the grain bags or in front of the statues as a symbol of Man Cang's food. Then wrestling and sword fighting are held. Nima came to power after the 8th century, and the chanting of Nima was added to the "fruit-seeking" activity. /kloc-After Zong Kaba, the founder of the Yellow Sect in the 4th century, Buddhism became the main sect in Tibet, with the Gelug Sect playing a dominant role, and the "Guo Wang" Festival took on a Buddhist color. When the villagers turn around, they should hold high the Buddha statue and recite the scriptures. Now every festival, Tibetans are still dressed in costumes, holding high colorful flags, carrying harvest towers made of barley and wheat ears, beating gongs and drums, and turning over the ground while singing. Then go to Karin (Woods or parks) in droves for drinking, singing, dancing, horse racing and archery, wishing a good harvest.

The Menba people in Cuona County will celebrate the Queke Festival in July and August of the Tibetan calendar, which is the same as the Tibetan Fruit Festival. On holidays, every village will invite one or two lamas from the Red Sect to recite the scriptures, and each family will give a laborer to work in the lamas' house as a reward. The villagers in the whole village followed the Lama around the crop fields, praying to avoid the disasters of wind, snow, water, drought and insects and welcome the arrival of a bumper harvest.

The Barrow people living in the southeast of Xizang Autonomous Region attach great importance to agricultural harvest. When harvesting begins, men have to work in the fields early in the morning, and they can't eat in the same fireplace with women for three meals a day. Therefore, when the hard harvest comes to an end, it is necessary to choose a day to celebrate "Andelin Festival", which means a harvest festival. Before the festival, men will go hunting in the mountains, and women will cook the newly harvested grain for the old people to taste and feed the rest to the dogs. During the festival, the whole village, old and young, gave a banquet, drank wine and sang songs until the next morning. Lyrics include stories about the agricultural origin of men plowing fields, women discovering seeds, harvesting food and brewing wine. Besides celebrating the harvest, we should also offer sacrifices to our ancestors and thank them for their protection.

The Hani people in Menghai County, Yunnan Province, hold many ceremonies of "Omata" (meaning "Sacrifice to the Valley King") from the maturity of millet to the completion of harvest. Greet the arrival of agricultural harvest with complex festival activities. When the rice is basically ripe, the Hani people should choose an auspicious day, pick back three ears of millet and hang them on the altar at home, and their parents will chant them and thank their ancestors and the king of the valley for their kindness. If a rice plant with two ears is found, it is considered as the king of the valley. Kill a chicken in Wang Qian Valley, cook it on the spot, and then raise your hand over your head three times as a sacrifice. Then cut down the Valley King and put it on the altar at home. After harvesting, if the grain pile collapses, it is considered that the king of the valley is frightened. He will knock a chicken to death in front of the grain pile, sprinkle chicken feathers around the grain pile and put new rice on the grain pile, so that the valley can live safely. After harvesting, the three packs of sacrifices should be wrapped in green leaves until Tang Qian, the uncut soul of the grain, is left behind. One sacrifice should be placed under the straw, the other tied to the upper part, and the egg should be placed under the straw. Tie all the stalks together, cut them off and put them into a backpack. Take the eggs back and hang them on the barn beam. Silence must be kept during the ceremony, which means that the soul of the valley has returned to the warehouse. Before the rice is officially put into storage, parents should put the sacrifices in the warehouse, put some new grain in the grain basket, cover it with clothes and carry it in and out in three times. Every time I carry it into the barn, I have to grab a new handful of grain and scatter it in the barn. After the above ceremony, the harvested rice can be put into storage for consumption.

Every year, the eighth month of the lunar calendar is the Year of the Loong, and the Hani people have to celebrate the "Car Festival", that is, the New Rice Festival. At that time, women would first pull a bag of rice from the ground and plant it next to their own wells or vegetable fields as a symbol of God. After dawn, take the new grain home, pour out the rice grains, cook some of them into new rice, and fry the other into popcorn. In the evening, before eating rice, you should worship your ancestors, feed the dog rice flowers, and then start eating, to show your memory and respect for Omar's bringing grain to the world. Before and after the festival, friends and relatives will be invited to have dinner to celebrate the harvest.

However, the Jingpo people in Yunnan Province choose auspicious days to offer sacrifices to ghosts to eat new grain before the bumper harvest of grain from August to September in the lunar calendar, which is called "New Rice Festival". Each owner carries a bundle of glutinous rice and puts it in the "ghost gate" at home. Poultry can't be slaughtered on this day, so young people get together in the river, catch shrimp and prepare delicacies. The whole village gathered in the leader's house and was sacrificed by the wizard. After the sacrifice, everyone got a small bag of new rice to take home for the New Year's Festival. Legend has it that a long time ago, because the soul of the valley went to heaven, the millet didn't grow well. The sensible domestic dog barks day and night to call back the soul of the valley for the master and make the rice of Jingpo nationality as long as possible. So feed the dogs and cows before meals to show your gratitude.

In some areas, when Yao people return home from Xingu in August of the lunar calendar, there will be a new festival to offer sacrifices to Gu Niang after steaming new rice and provide a sumptuous meal for dogs. But they did it not because dogs brought seeds to people, but to commemorate their ancestor Pan Hu who married a princess and gave birth to offspring.

Achang people hold a New Year's Flavor Festival on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which mainly focuses on offering sacrifices and praying for their grandmothers. On this day, they cleaned the house first, took out a bag of taro from the field, cut off a corn with two ears, tied it to a bamboo stick more than one meter long, and then leaned against the left corner or right corner of the room. There is also cooking new rice and killing a chicken to replace the quail meat that Mrs. Chang loved before her death. Fruits, pears and other dried and fresh fruits were also served, and the whole family stood together. Parents recited sacrificial words and sought the protection of the old aunt.

After the autumn harvest every year, Gaoshan people on the island of Taiwan Province Province will hold a grand "Harvest Festival" for several days from the first day of the eighth lunar month. If it is a bumper harvest year, the festival activities should be extended appropriately. A few days before the festival, men went hunting in the mountains and women prepared food. On the day of the festival, every household should use the ancient method of drilling wood to make a fire and let the fire burn itself out once. Then cook glutinous rice, steam cakes and cook with fire. The offerings were sent to the centralized sacrifice point of the club, and five witches presided over the ancestor worship. Women hold pestle music and dance, and men hold hunting sacrifices with hunting gear to celebrate the harvest of agriculture and hunting industry. On the third night, a bonfire party "Sima La" was held in the square. Members of the whole society gathered around the bonfire, enjoyed the party and danced while drinking. Melodious songs resounded through the night sky. "Catch the deer, the rice. Bring out the wine and everyone will come to watch the game and drink it. Gold is corn and white cotton, and home-brewed wine is like spring. The children in the club are dancing, and I hope to win this year next year. " This song expresses the joy of harvest and good expectations.

Amish branch of Gaoshan nationality in Taiwan Province Province holds an "adult ceremony" every seven years. The time is about the middle of August in the lunar calendar, that is, the full moon after the harvest of millet. At that time, all the 65,438+08-year-olds of the tribe will participate, and they must start practicing long-distance running and singing and dancing one month before the festival. Two days before the festival, they will go to catch the pheasant to prepare rice wine for elders and festivals. On the day of the festival, young people first gathered at the home of tribal leaders, listened to the lectures of the elders and announced that they had grown up. In the future, all aspects should be in accordance with the standards of adults. Then we ran naked to the seaside destination and danced there to celebrate. In the afternoon, I put on my costume, put on my feather crown, put my ears into the trunnion, and went to the youth club in the village to continue dancing in circles. At this time, tribal leaders also need to preach and teach them how to abide by tribal etiquette norms and talk and laugh at a hearty feast.

Tujia people in Hefeng, Enshi, Jianshi, Xuanen and other places on the border of Hubei Province also celebrate the annual daughter party on May 3rd, July 12th or August 15th of the lunar calendar. On this day, the girls who came to the market were all dressed up. They wear traditional national costumes, some buy daily necessities, some sell local products and so on. Young men and women often take this opportunity to meet their first lovers or date lovers. Some families are still engaged in blind date at this time, forming a lively, festive and affectionate festival.

The Yi people living in Xinping, Eshan and Biphasic areas of Yunnan Province celebrate the Flower Street Festival twice a year. The first time was on June 23 and 24 of the lunar calendar; The second time was in July 14 and 15. At that time, young Yi men and women dressed in costumes came to Daxi Mountain at the junction of three counties, singing and dancing, buying and selling local products and staying up all night. On this cold mountain, girls and boys not only spend happy holidays, but also exchange materials and pray for a bumper harvest.

Every July and August, Tibetan herders in the grasslands of northern Tibet gather near Naqu to participate in the Jockey Club. In addition to horse racing, there are men's and women's races, weightlifting, horse riding and shooting performances. The race is on the plateau above 4500m above sea level, running barefoot180m ore track. Weightlifting is to pick up a heavy sandbag with both hands, lift it over your shoulders from the front and throw it behind, so you win. In recent years, in addition to traditional sports, the Jockey Club Festival has also increased cultural performances and material exchanges.

On the evening of the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, Gaoshan people in Taiwan Province Province will hold a "basket-lifting meeting". When the moon rises for the first time, the host recruits the young men and women from "Seeds of Love" to the betel nut garden and sends a congratulatory message, wishing everyone happiness. Then the young man climbed up the tree with his hands and feet, picked 30 betel nuts, chased the girls who were running and hiding in front, and threw them into their delicate baskets. The girl only received the fruit thrown by the right person, but shook off the betel nut thrown by others and ran away singing and laughing. Girls who get betel nuts often take out their own embroidered purses and give them to boys to thank their masters for their blessings. They both hide in the depths of the betel nut forest and spend the night together.

On August 15th, Zhuang people in Xilin, Guangxi have the custom of "scolding Mid-Autumn Festival". Legend has it that there was a girl in "Honesty and Honesty" in ancient times who didn't like the false sweet mouth, but appreciated the sharp art of swearing. On the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, a young man scolded the person who stole the sugar cane planted by the girl in public. The girl was moved and married the young man. Since then, it has become a custom for young people to provoke people with practical jokes and curse. In groups of three or five, when the elderly enjoy the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival, they use small pranks such as locking the door, tearing down the stone mill, pulling out the vegetable seedlings and shaking off the fruit to arouse their owners' scolding. And pranksters often choose people who are good at swearing and carry out provocative activities. According to the rules, swearing people can't use foul language, but can only show their swearing ability in bitter language. According to local custom, the more people are scolded on the night of Mid-Autumn Festival, the longer their life expectancy will be. So a strange festival with endless scolding as the main content was formed, instead of singing and dancing. August 15 is the "afterlife festival" for the Mulao people in Luocheng, Guangxi. On this day, young men and women took zongzi, umbrellas and other food and went hiking in the wild together, which changed from a group duet to a duet. After having feelings, they agreed on a goodbye period and planted love in the bright moonlight. On August 15, the Dong people in Liping, Guizhou and other places celebrated the "Ganping Festival". But the year is counted by Jiazi, and there is only one day in each single year, and the Lusheng meeting is held; Once every two years, there will be a Lusheng party on the first day and a duet on the second day. The winning Song team will be selected at the Lusheng meeting. When young men sing, they should cover their faces with zongzi leaves, get mud tattoos, wear costumes, dress up as beggars and sing with girls, so that girls can't recognize who they are and tell the difference between rich and poor. After singing, the boys took a bath in the river, put on clean clothes, and then returned to Ge Ping, talking and laughing with the girls.

Gelao people in Longlin Autonomous County of Guangxi hold "Tree Worship Festival" twice a year on the 14th and 15th of the first lunar month. A yellow cattle needed for the festival is raised by three families in turn or purchased with funds every year. During the festival, the Gelao people living in scattered villages are all concentrated in Moji village where Zushu is located, and the tree worship ceremony is presided over by the family patriarch. First, wring the cock's neck, tear off the cock's leg and heart as offerings, and dedicate the cock's head, left wing and left leg to Gong Zu tree; The head of a chicken, the right wing and the right leg are dedicated to Zupo Tree. The offering should be wrapped in red paper, put in a tree hole and sealed with paper money. The priest will pray for the ancestral tree, and he will also toast and shoot. Cut off the heart of the cow and distribute it to all households equally to show that we are working together and sharing weal and woe. Cattle offal and other dining tables are eaten with people of all ethnic groups who come to attend the dinner. Through the activities of tree festival, the cohesion within the nation has been enhanced.

Every year on the first frost day of the ninth lunar month, Xia Lei, Bao Xu, Lei Ping, Jingxi, Debao, daxin county and other counties in Guangxi will have the first frost festival to commemorate the national heroine Cen. There are two different legends about the deeds of cen yuyin. One is a Zhuang woman, Cen Yuyin, who is skilled in archery, brave and good at fighting. She once led troops to Guangdong and Fujian coastal areas to fight against Japanese pirates. She used her troops decisively, and she expected things to be like a god. She defeated the invading Japanese pirates many times and was rewarded by the emperor. Finally, she disarmed and returned to her hometown until her death. People held sacrifices to commemorate her failure in the first frost, which gradually became the first frost festival. She also said that together with her husband, in order to defend the peace and property of the Zhuang people, she led troops to resist the invading enemy and won a great victory on the day of the first frost, so the local people celebrated it for three days and regarded it as a festival. Every day before the first frost, Zhuang people from all over the country spend the night in a village near Xia Lei, and go to the Yuyin Temple to worship the next morning. It is said that during the Qing Dynasty, local state officials also prepared offerings to participate in sacrifices. When the masses returned from the sacrifices, they performed lion dances, sang Zhuang operas, folk songs and other activities nearby to celebrate the festival in memory of national heroes.

Pan Yao branch of Yao nationality, distributed in the mountainous areas of Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan provinces, is said to have originated from Shenquan Pan Hu. Because Pan Hu killed the king of an enemy country, married the princess, moved to the mountains, gave birth to six men and six women, and became a nation, so Wang Pan Festival was held to offer sacrifices to the king Pan Hu. This festival is usually held on the seventh day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar or on the 14th and 15th of July. At that time, they would kill pigs and chickens, sing and dance, and worship their ancestors for help.

Dong people in Xinhuang, Hunan Province, every night on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, women can open umbrellas to cover their faces and steal melons and vegetables from other people's gardens. This is a festival called "stealing moon dishes". Girls usually steal from their beloved young man's garden, picking them and shouting, "I pulled your melons and vegetables, and you go to my house to drink camellia." If you pick melons and beans, it will be considered as a symbol of good luck. Women with children steal fat melons and edamame, which symbolizes the healthy growth of children. There are also young men who steal moon dishes, but they can only cook in the wild.

Among the Dong people in Chengyang, Sanjiang, Guangxi, there is a pumpkin festival belonging to the youth themselves. Every year on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, boys and girls in each village organize "Pumpkin Team" and "Camellia oleifera Team" respectively. Boys who join the pumpkin team must sign up first and pay a little fee; Girls who join the Camellia oleifera team should actively prepare all kinds of condiments for cooking tea. And parents try their best to support them. On the night of the festival, the little boys of the pumpkin team went to the field to steal pumpkins first. According to local customs, no matter how many melons are stolen during this festival, melon owners will not be angry, and those who steal melons must abide by certain rules. When there are two melons on the vine, only one will be picked; When there are four melons, you can choose two. It takes a flower to pick a melon, which means that the melon here has been stolen. After the pumpkin team stole enough, they made colorful flags and tied bouquets, put the pumpkins in place, and carried them to the tea-making object found in the neighboring village in advance, which was warmly received by the girls of the Camellia oleifera team. They drank camellia oleifera together, ate boiled pumpkins together, and played pumpkin wars in two teams, men and women, until dawn.

Korean people living in the northeast celebrate the "Kano Festival" (the "Autumn Festival") on August 15. Legend has it that when Silla, the Confucian king, was in power, his two daughters divided Jinbei women into two factions. From the morning of July 15 to the end of August 15, a hemp weaving competition was held in the courtyard of Dadu. The losing party will host a banquet for the winning party and hold a song and dance performance, which will gradually evolve into the Kano Festival. At that time, people would slaughter cattle and sheep, make cakes and muffins with new valleys, and engage in wrestling, swinging and springboard activities between villages. Sometimes festivals last for several days. In the evening, families put incense tables in the yard, offer sacrifices to the moon, eat moon cakes and watch the bright moon.

On the same day, on August 15, the Zhuang people in Jingxi, Napo and Debao in Guangxi had an "invitation to the sea" festival. "Capsule Sea" is Zhuang language, which means "Moon Valley". On this day, the girls bathed in wormwood leaf water, dressed up, cleaned the house inside and outside, and sprinkled grapefruit leaf water around the house. Insert a bamboo pole five to ten meters long in the open space in front of the door, and insert a fragrant grapefruit on it, wrapped in cigarettes, as a ladder to guide the moon valley down to earth. On the front table at the door, there are offerings such as moon cakes, bananas, grapefruit, sugar cane, oranges, cooked taro and bundles of edamame. The girl and the boys sat together, chose a girl to dress up as Yueyue, sat in the center of the mat, pressed her eyes and ears with her middle finger and thumb respectively, and turned her head to show that she had come down from the Moon Palace. Everyone regards Yuegu as a "sister of the same age" (Yi Jie) and asks her to sing a song. Everyone asked questions and she answered them. There were songs and laughter in the venue, and the affection was long.