Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Lucky day inquiry - What are the marriage customs of Manchu?
What are the marriage customs of Manchu?
Manchu traditional marriage customs
The traditional wedding ceremony of Manchu is complicated, which generally goes through the procedures of media, release, drawing lots, delivering boxes, welcoming relatives, visiting the church, offering sacrifices to ancestors, dividing the size and returning to the door.
Through the media, the man's family asked the matchmaker to propose marriage to the woman's family. After the families of both parties agree, they will make a small decision, that is, the man's family will send Ruyi or hairpin as a gift. Then there is engagement, that is, choosing an auspicious day. Relatives in the husband's family asked the name of the woman's family, and the woman's family hosted a banquet. The man's parents spoke to propose marriage, and the woman's family repeatedly thanked him. The husband's family insisted on proposing marriage, and the woman's family agreed to get married. At this time, the man should worship the woman's family and her elders. It is also a good day for wedding gifts, such as clothes, silks, satins, sheep and geese. The man's family will also give money. It's time to set a wedding date. At the wedding reception stage, the bride's family will accompany the dowry on the day before the wedding, commonly known as "passing the box", and the groom will thank her family. In the wedding ceremony, the groom is accompanied by the wedding procession. When two cars go wrong on the way, the bride's brother carries the bride on the groom's float, commonly known as "jumping off the car" (due to the different Manchu customs in different regions, the groom and the wedding procession also go directly to the bride's house to celebrate the wedding. In other places, there is a saying that "the flag custom does not greet relatives." When the bride arrives at the groom's house, she changes cars and takes a sedan chair. When the sedan chair lands, the groom will shoot three arrows for nothing. The bride got off the sedan chair with a red hijab, stood with the groom in front of the heaven and earth table placed in the yard in advance, and bowed to the north three times, commonly known as worshipping Beidou, that is, worshiping heaven and earth. After the worship, the bride retreated to the table of heaven and earth and entered the makeshift tent. This is called paying the bill. When sitting on the bill, "open your face" and change your head. After sitting the bill, the bride stepped over the saddle and entered the bridal chamber. The groom took off the hijab with a scale and threw it on the eaves. Couples toast, eat happy noodles and children's cakes, and everyone makes trouble in the bridal chamber. On the night of the wedding day, the bride and groom will worship their ancestors. On the first day after marriage, the bride gives cigarettes and tea to relatives in her husband's family, worships the clan and recognizes the generation, which is called size. Generally, after three days of marriage, the husband and wife go back to the woman's house to visit their parents and worship their ancestors. A month after marriage, the bride went back to her parents' home to live for a month, and stopped for a month. By this time, the wedding was over.
These complicated marriage procedures have been simplified in today's Manchu inhabited areas and integrated with modern forms. For example, plugging in a car has evolved into a young man and woman riding bicycles or motorcycles. Accompanied by a free wedding team, they set off from their own homes and met halfway. They exchanged bicycles or motorcycles and then went to the groom's house together. There are ancestors, and some places have evolved into newcomers to worship their parents. Although it has changed, it still has strong national characteristics. In addition, the wedding ceremony of Manchu people varies slightly due to different living areas, but the main procedures are roughly the same.
Manchu marriage customs
The wedding etiquette of Manchu people in this area is also very grand, and people call the man's marriage "Little Deng Ke". The wedding process generally includes the procedures and steps of discussing relatives, changing cups, choosing auspicious days, cutting clothes, giving gifts, lighting sedan chairs, worshiping heaven and earth, holding a wedding banquet, making trouble in the bridal chamber, recognizing relatives, returning to the door and so on.
Manchu people have long followed the principle of not marrying with the same surname, and generally implemented the "engagement" system to get married. In the past, there was a fashion that valued family more than bride price. The date of marriage is generally presumed by the man's family according to the date of birth of both parties, and is often designated as "double date". The day before the official day is the "dowry delivery day", and the woman's family asks someone to carry the dowry into the man's new house, which is called "Ming dowry" or "safe box"; The man's family must also set up an "accounting room" in the hospital every day in case of emergency. On the wedding day, the man prepares colored sedan chairs and drums to meet the bride, and the groom and his companions ride horses to meet the bride; The woman's family chose two women with two children as their dowry, and the father, brother and sister-in-law formed a dowry team to accompany the bride to her husband's family for the wedding reception. The time to worship heaven and earth must be held before sunrise. After the worship, the couple entered the pre-built "accounting room", where the bride changed clothes, took off her maiden clothes, put on her daughter-in-law's clothes and combed her daughter-in-law's hairstyle, which was called "sitting on the account". After the ceremony, the bride and groom pay their bills and enter the wedding hall. The groom takes off the "hijab" with a balance. Then, the wedding reception begins and ends at night, and the couple enters the bridal chamber.
On the third day after marriage, the groom accompanied the bride back to her mother's house, which prepared a banquet and returned to her husband's house before noon. Within ten days after marriage, the bride will go to the ancestral temple or ancestral grave to worship, commonly known as "Shangxi grave". One month after marriage, the bride went back to her family for a few days, and the whole wedding was over when she came back.
After 1950s and 1960s, the wedding ceremony of Manchu people gradually became simple, or generally similar to the customs in China.
Manchu traditional marriage customs
Marriage: In the past, the wedding etiquette of Manchu girls was complicated and the preparation time was long. Manchu girls should learn to do needlework when they are approaching adulthood. At first, I learned to cut window grilles, embroider needles, embroider purses, connect soles, embroider pillows, embroider shoe tops, embroider belts, make bedding and clothes. These embroidered soles are for my own use or as gifts for the groom. The quality of living at the bottom of the box is a symbol of a girl's education level and ingenuity, so the landscapes, flowers, people, birds and animals, insects and fish living at the bottom of the box are lifelike, lifelike and exquisite works of art.
Engaged. This is an important link that every Manchu girl must go through when she gets married. From matchmaking to marriage, you usually have to go through the process of blind date, gathering geese, making small orders, changing cups, giving more cream and betrothal gifts.
Manchu people want to meet relatives and friends when they get married. After setting the wedding date, invite relatives, friends and neighbors to congratulate and help. Before the wedding ceremony, the man should find a suitable place in the village as the "next place" for the woman. The lower part is the place where the bride and maid of honor rest before the wedding. The lower part of the bride's residence is wrapped in a red paper bag, which contains several copper coins or coins (double money, not one yuan) hidden under the seat to show good luck. The process of marriage is usually three days.
The first day is the "wedding". The bride's family invites people who have no "guilt" about the bride and groom and have a complete family to see her off. Usually the bride's elders, relatives, brothers and sisters send it, and the younger brother or nephew presses the car. There is no limit to the total number of people. Go to the double return ticket. When the bride goes out with her mouth full of food or candy, she vomits half inside and half outside the door to show that both sides are happy. When you go out in a sedan chair (or float) to pick up the bride, see you off or pick up the man halfway, the wrong bus is called "grabbing a string". After the two cars meet, gongs and drums are loud, firecrackers are ringing, and the bride is carried on the groom's sedan chair (or sedan chair) by her mother's brother. This is called changing a sedan chair or holding a sedan chair. The bride's sedan chair (or sedan chair) takes the bridesmaid to the groom's house together. When the bride's car arrives at the next place, the man's parents, relatives and friends bring wine to the bride to drink "dismount the cup". The bride, daughter-in-law and rickshaw driver didn't get off the bus for the time being, and the owner gave them hi money before getting off and going to the next place.
In the evening, the bride's brother or elder enters the new house to arrange dowry, which is called "bright box". After welcoming the bride, they treated her to a "bright case of wine".
The next day is the right day to hold a formal wedding. Both men and women should get up early to choose.
On the fifth auspicious day, the bride dresses up as a "clown" in red trousers's green coat from bottom to top and puts on "stepping shoes" for fear of being possessed by evil spirits. She combed her hair, "covered her head with red", carried a vase and a bronze mirror, and was carried by her brother from home to the sedan chair and car (called sedan chair lift). The groom pulls three times with an empty bow and shoots three times. The man's family sprinkled the prepared grain, millet, wheat, hemp and beans on the bride to show that the bride had brought a bumper harvest. At the altar, the man's patriarch (called Mokunda in Manchu) or elder guides the bride and groom to worship heaven and earth, and then the patriarch or elder starts to walk into the new house with a cask in his hand. He went to the door, and an elder sister blocked the door and called "hold it". After entering the door, he got on the kang across the saddle and the man bowed. The rickshaw puller began to nail the door curtain and said, "One nail is gold, two nails are silver, and three nails are a ball." Happy songs. Then I began to eat jiaozi, a half-cooked offspring (one-year-old couple, half the bride's bag and half the husband's bag, depending on the bride's age). The married woman asked, "Is it raw?" ? Answer: "Life"! Men and women don't eat, put it under the kang mat. The rest of the men scrambled to eat, foreigners were not allowed to eat, and girls were not allowed to eat. Men and women sit side by side at different times. Generally speaking, some brides will not leave the ground for an hour. A woman with a son and a daughter opened the bride's face (cut off her hair with a thin thread), combed her hair and put on hairpin jewelry. After eating "getting off the horse's face", the bride began to sit at the main table and sit at the table with the bride for generations. After the banquet, the bride can go back (it takes three days in some places). Before the sun goes down, the bride watches the sunset accompanied by her sister-in-law. This is called watching the sunset red. That evening, the bride and groom had a reunion dinner and filled their elders with wine. After the wedding in the evening, before going to bed, the bride and groom worship the Big Dipper, toast and eat reunion cakes, and the woman gives the man a purse, waist and other gifts.
The third day is "recognizing the size" and "offering sacrifices to ancestors", and there are still three days to return to the door, which varies from place to place.
With the development of the times, the marriage customs of Manchu are constantly changing, and modern civilized marriage has accounted for the majority.
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