Etiquette of Zhuang nationality: What are the taboos in many etiquette of Zhuang nationality?

Zhuang nationality is a hospitable nation. In the past, guests who visited any Zhuang village were regarded as guests of the whole village. Often several families take turns to invite them to dinner, sometimes five or six at a time. Usually, we have the habit of visiting each other. For example, if a family kills pigs, we will invite everyone in the village to have a meal. Be sure to prepare wine for the guests at the table, which will be very grand. The custom of toasting is to have a drink. Actually, a white porcelain spoon is used instead of a cup. When guests arrive home, they will try their best to give them the best accommodation, especially the elderly and new guests. When eating, you must wait for the oldest old man to sit down before eating; The younger generation must not eat the dishes that the elders have not touched; When serving tea and rice to elders and guests, you must hold it in your hands, not in front of the guests or behind your elders' backs. Those who finish eating first should say "enjoy your meal" to their elders and guests before leaving; The younger generation can't eat the whole table.

Second, the usual courtesy.

Respecting the old and loving the young is the traditional virtue of Zhuang nationality. Old people in Lu Yu should take the initiative to say hello and give way. Don't cross your legs, swear or cross over the old people. When killing a chicken, the head and nose of the chicken must respect the old man. Old people in Lu Yu should be called "grandfather" for men and "grandmother" for women. When they meet guests or people with heavy burdens, they should take the initiative to make way. If you meet an old man with a heavy burden, you should take the initiative to help him and send him to the parting place.

Whenever married men and women meet their elders, men should be called "Dad" and women should be called "Mom". In school, teachers usually call themselves students. When talking with teachers or elders older than themselves, they seldom bring the word "I" or try to avoid it.

Third, taboo.

Taboo about social intercourse: Father-in-law can't enter daughter-in-law's bedroom. Literati dare not write divorce papers. Women don't eat together when guests are at home. The next generation can't drink slowly with guests. Brother can't talk to sister-in-law casually. Taboo about production: The fifth month of the lunar calendar is the Year of the Loong, so you can't pick shit and pour urine. Don't work in the fields on June 6th. Open a room by almanac. If there is a meaning in the almanac that "it is not appropriate to break ground", then choose another auspicious day.

Taboo about superstition: avoid saying unlucky things during the Spring Festival. On the first day of the first month, it is forbidden to blow fire, sweep the floor, visit houses, pound rice, wash clothes, use knives and axes and borrow things. Loans and borrowed things must be paid off before New Year's Eve. You can't sit on the threshold, step on the tripod on the stove or fireplace, carry a hoe and wear a hat into the house, climb and cut down trees on Longshan Mountain. Taboo about women: pregnant women are not allowed to meet the bride in the wedding room. When there are pregnant women in the house, a straw hat 1 is hung on the door, implying that outsiders are not allowed to enter. Married women are not allowed to take things from the altar when they return to their parents' homes. It is not allowed to build new tiles on the top of pregnant women's kitchens. Women are not allowed to light the bedroom for less than three days after giving birth. Women's clothes can't be washed with men's clothes. Women can't comb their hair during the New Year.

Fourth, family.

Zhuang nationality is a monogamous family, and there were some cases of polygamy before liberation. Many such families exist in the family, and the son has the ability to build a new house and separate after marriage. Parents are used to leaving their youngest son in the old house to settle down. Children have the right and obligation to be filial to their adoptive parents and inherit their ancestral home, and other property is equally distributed by the sons of the whole family. As family members, women and men do housework together. In productive labor, men are mostly responsible for plowing, transporting fertilizer and building houses, while women are mainly responsible for transplanting rice, weeding, planting cotton, harvesting cotton, spinning and raising livestock and poultry. Zhuang people have a deep sense of family. As long as they find out where their ancestors live, they will visit relatives no matter how far away. The surname of the first village is respected, and its elders are often elected as the "elders" of the village, presiding over the mediation of civil disputes and the sacrificial activities of the whole village.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) festival

The Spring Festival is regarded by Zhuang people as a big festival of 1 year. In the middle of the twelfth lunar month, build roads, clean houses and buy new clothes. The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is a small year, which is similar to the Han people's "sending stoves". After the new year, every household began to prepare holiday food, kill chickens and pigs, make rice cakes and soak rice sugar, and even make zongzi in the estuary. On New Year's Day, they scrambled for fresh water, dragging the heads of cows, horses, pigs and chickens tied with grass while walking, imitating the voices of six animals in their mouths, in order to "prosper the six animals". In some areas, after the ancestor worship in the early morning of the first or third day of junior high school, children are allowed to read books for a while, parents fiddle with abacus, and women scatter a small amount of fertilizer and grain seeds in the fields to show that everything is prosperous and their livelihood is smooth in the new year. Most descendants of the "Black Flag Army" who live on the banks of the Red River and nanxi river in Hekou County will celebrate the "off-year" on the 29th day of the first month, which is also called "Eating Festival" (Zhuang language means to spend their old age safely).

According to legend, during the Sino-French War, due to the busy war, the Spring Festival could not be celebrated as scheduled. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it is the 28th day of the first month, so people will make up the Spring Festival to celebrate the victory. People who call themselves "farmers" will pay New Year's greetings on the first and second days of February in the lunar calendar every year.

Eat new rice. Every year, before the millet harvest and after the rice turns yellow, families choose their own days to eat new rice. When the millet was ripe, they went to the field to pick 4-6 grains of rice, processed them into rice, killed a red rooster, made tofu, cooked the newly dug taro, served it on the table, and offered sacrifices to the gods and ancestors at the dinner table. Men who go to cut millet should get up early and go to the fields when they are full. If they are hungry and cut new millet, they think that the whole family will starve. On the way back and forth, don't answer when you meet someone. Pick up the married girl when eating new rice. After the elders take a bite first, others can add rice. You can't spoil the first bowl of rice.

"The natives are all over one year old." Celebrate the first day of the Lunar New Year for the old people who died that year in Gejiu and Mengzi. Before the program begins, the daughters and sons-in-law of the old people will go back to their parents' home with chicken and wine to burn paper for meals, and invite relatives and friends to visit their ancestors. In the past, the "Year-round Festival" was held for three consecutive years, but now it is generally only 1 year. There are two legends about "Lunar New Year Festival": First, in ancient times, 1 emperor invited chef Zhuang to cook royal meals. One day, the emperor asked him: What is the sweetest thing in the world? "The chef said," Salt is the sweetest. In a rage, the emperor killed the chef and hired 1 chef. The cook doesn't put salt in his cooking. The emperor asked the chef, "Why didn't he put salt?" The chef replied, "The emperor said that salt is not sweet, so he dared not put it. "The emperor realized that he had killed someone by mistake and gave the chef a' year-round sacrifice'.

Second, there were 1 emperors' concubines in ancient times, all of whom were native women. 1 year, Yu Ji's mother died. She chose the date of departure (September 28th) and went home for the funeral. The emperor said, "If it rains, don't go back." The princess said, "No matter how heavy the rain is, you have to go." The emperor said, "It's going to rain."

Intransitive verb funeral

The Zhuang people once practiced wooden coffin cremation. The old record "Tu Liao" said, "When people die, dig a cellar, put coffins on it, beat it indiscriminately, beat the earth drums every day and burn it on the third day", "Sand people", "When they die, bury a thin coffin, and their daughter-in-law puts on makeup, saying," Set up a field, finish it, burn it in the wild and cover it. " "Wei Meng surnamed Dai Xiao, claiming to be" dependent ". For example, Wu is wearing a white hat and a white jacket; Zhang is bald and wearing a long white dress; Shen and Lu wore hemp hats and linen clothes; Wang Xing, the coffin is dead.

In front of the coffin of the "stout man", it is necessary to screen the ashes at the bottom of the coffin with a sieve, and then pat the coffin with your hand to see if there are any strange traces of ashes, so as to determine whether the soul of the deceased left home for his ancestors. The pillow of the deceased should be wrapped in triangular white cloth and screened with rice without barnyard grass.

At the funeral of Zhuang nationality in Yuanyang, Yu Yu hung a black cloth bag with millet and rice fragrance on his shoulder, holding 1 hen, kneeling in front of the coffin, holding a long knife on his head and kowtowing three times. Then he shook the knife off the ground and looked at the direction of the knife edge, indicating that the deceased did not want to go out and continued to worship, indicating that the deceased had no worries. The children of the deceased will be buried until 1 month later.

On the third and thirtieth day after burial, chickens will be killed and sacrificed to the grave. Three years after the death of the "Sandman" in Hekou, the bodies and bones will be fished out of the coffin and reburied in a crock. The Zhuang people in Maitreya died, and the villagers knew they were dead as soon as they heard the drums. When a woman dies, she must wait until her main family members are present to install the coffin, and the newcomers will bring sacrifices. When a person dies, the coffin can only be made when his brothers and sisters arrive. Whether men or women die, coffins are made of glutinous rice flour into cows, sheep, houses and so on. "benefit" for the deceased. Filial son 1 year can't have a haircut or shave. The filial piety cloth in Baotou can only be left to his grandson to make clothes.