Translation and Appreciation of Du Dong's Poems

Du Dong's host sighed: "It is painful to change people's customs. People in the Qin Dynasty, Kouakou, protect rivers and mountains, know the truth and know the emperor. What about the clouds in the Han Dynasty? At the beginning of the century, Fu ascended the throne after several generations' efforts. It is impossible to talk about these six books. At this time, he made great achievements, and on the same day he knelt down and begged for disobedience and obedience. Therefore, Lou Jing sized up the situation and offered it, and Xiao Gong Chuan should expand his system. When you are peaceful, you can't count on yourself. I didn't see my son, and finally I became the heir of Gu Yao. Isn't it dark? Today, I will talk about the rule of Jianwu and Yongping, which is supervised by Taiqing, in order to change my mind. Yesterday, Wang Mang rebelled, Han Zuozhong lacked loyalty, heaven and man were punished, and Liuhe was destroyed. In the chaos at that time, several people died, ghosts and gods disappeared, the valley was endless, and the room was deserted. Vilen hates human flesh, and rivers shed blood. Qin Hexiang's disaster is still too great. Since the bookmark, there is no record. Therefore, the number of protests against the holy emperor is fatal. God is pregnant and sent to prison. Therefore, the holy emperor took the dry character, expounded Kun Zhen, went to the imperial map, and received the emperor's text. He was very angry. If he wants to ascend to heaven, whether he will attack Kunyang or not, he will be angry with Lei Zhen. Then cross the river, cross Beiyue, establish Gaoyi, and build Ducheng River and Luohe River. King Shao Bai's famine was due to the cleanliness of nature and the establishment of physical elements, which followed the sky. The Tang Dynasty was Tong, Han Xu, and Xi, and the new crimson was redundant, both in the past and present, and diligent about thirty-five. What's more, this is a special way of tracking each other, one after another, managing recent events and taking the risk of being a saint, Yi Yun. Moreover, the husband built troops, the world turned, and within the four seas, more couples were built, more fathers and sons were built, and the relationship began. The reason why the Sinaifu family regards Dide as the best is also. Si Nai Xuanyuan made great contributions because he divided the state land, established the city courtyard, made plans and made instruments. Castration is punished by heaven, and it is necessary to follow God's will. Sinaitang and Wu Zhao Wang Ye were returned. There is a reason why Yin Zongxing moved the capital to the city. That is, in the soil, there is a system of Zhou Chenglong Ping. A person's handle is the same as that of Gaozu. Self-denial, self-denial, self-denial, self-denial and self-respect. The charter is a tribute to the past and to the ancestors. The case of "Six Classics" and school morality, ancient and modern merits, sage's benevolence, prepared by Emperor Wang Zhidao. As for the occasion of Yongping, it is an era of attaching importance to happiness and neglecting fatigue, an era of great harmony and an era of elegant music. Man and God are in harmony, and the order of ministers is clear. It is a big move, obeying the emperor, patrolling the province, looking at the places where countries exist, testing the sound of teaching, and scattering the emperor's light with candles. Then add Lao Zhou, Xiu Luoyi and Wei to show your wings. Han Jing is in summer, and it is always extreme in all directions. Therefore, within the imperial city, the palace is bright, beautiful and luxurious. On the other hand, vilen has built gardens, injected flowing spring water into swamps, produced apple algae for diving fishing, and abundant grass for breeding wild animals. The system is the same as that of Zou Liang, and friendship conforms to the spirit. If you are hunting in season, if you want to talk about martial arts in a simple car, you must face the king system, test style, elegance, calendar, iron, car attack, auspicious day and ceremony. So whales are sent, bells are rung, jade wheels are boarded, dragons are taken, phoenix covers are covered, beautiful, harmonious and delicate, and heavenly officials follow the scene and sleep magnificently. The mountain god protects the wild and belongs to the emperor god. Rain God spilled water, and Fengbo cleared the dust. Thousands of times are thunderous, and thousands of times are varied. It is wild, Ge Ling is in a coma, feathers sweep neon, and flags sweep the sky. Yan Yan's sun is like fire, spreading light and flying, blowing flames and wind, spraying wild mountains, catching the sun and the moon and shaking mountains. Then, he assembled Zhong Zhong, Chen Shi's case and Pianpu, formed a school team, joined the three armed forces, and became a general to the death. Then, I raised the bonfire and chopped the drum, applied for three drives, and the chariot was excited or not, riding or not. I haven't met a cheap fire fan imperial power, but I'm not arrogant. The flyer didn't fly, and the walker didn't leave. It refers to the sudden acquisition of a car, and the feeling of joy is extremely high. The horse is full and furious, and the pioneer returns home, which belongs to the car case festival. Therefore, I recommend three sacrifices, five sacrifices, offering sacrifices to the gods, Huai Bailing, worshipping, Jin Biyong, Yang Ji, Feng, going to the funeral platform, and making textual research. Throw in Gan Kun, join the sacred bow, look at Xia Bude, overlook the four generations, and resist the border. It flows to Heyuan in the west, to the sea in the east, to the cliff in the north and to Athena Chu in the south. Different regions are different, and the boundaries are definitely not adjacent. Since filial piety is not levied and filial piety is not a minister, we must rush to visit our guests. Sui Sui mourned the prison, opened Yongchang, Spring Dynasty, and United Han and Jing. It is also a day, and the son of heaven was influenced by the book of the four seas and paid tribute to all countries. He caresses summer in his heart, but he is savage outside. I entertain guests as a big gift, and I set up my account in Yunlong Court. After Chen praised the group, he studied the emperor's ceremony and showed his ability. Therefore, the court is full of thousands of products, with the aim of drinking 10,000 yuan, tied for golden dishes, jade dishes, Jia and Tai Qiang. Mistress Chiyong, Taishi playing music, Chen Jinshi, Busi Bamboo, Bell and Drum, Orchestral Yu Ye. Resist five tones, extremely six rhythms, sing nine merits, dance eight Shu, prepare Shao and Wu, Gu Hua and Tai. The episode between the four foreigners is within reach in Guangzhou, Germany. You are separated from each other and have no collection. Wan Le made preparations, saluted, celebrated the emperor, got the ministers drunk, smoked cigarettes, adjusted their vitality, and then rang the death knell to tell them to leave. Liao Bai retired. Therefore, the Sagrada Familia enjoys the pleasure of approaching 10,000 people, bathed in the cream, and is afraid that its extravagant heart will sprout. It is also a symbol of Tai Su to stay in the East and work. Beautiful decorations going to the harem will damage Yu Yu's service, curb industrial and commercial prostitution, and promote the prosperity of agriculture and mulberry industry. So, he ordered Hainei to abandon the end and return to the original, return to the nature, practice weaving with women, work hard with pottery, serve the beautiful and precious Su Xuan, and donate money to the mountains and the Shen Zhu Imperial Garden. As a result, the people washed away their flaws in the mirror, making themselves clear, their faces were silent and desert, their eyes and ears were full, their lust was extinguished, and their sense of shame was born, and they were complacent. happy ever after. Therefore, within the four seas, the school is like a forest, the order is full of people, the appreciation is staggered, the beans are full of enthusiasm, singing and dancing, and morality and benevolence. After the banquet, Liu Bei sighed because of his appearance, and his words were salty and harmonious, and he was ready to come out and praised: "Magnificent! Modern theorists only know how to recite Yu Xia Jing, Yin Zhou Shi, Yi, Wen and Kong Chunqiu, but it is difficult to study Hande. Only the son is quite familiar with the old classics, but he is also galloping at the bottom. It's hard to know new difficulties by reviewing old ones, but it's hard to know virtue. What's more, Fu Cha is in the way in the West and has four obstacles. How can we build our own defense? Qinling Mountains, Jiugu River, Jinghe River and Weihe River are like four blasphemies and five mountains, with rivers tracing back to Luos and profound books. Zhang Jian, Ganquan and the Forbidden City are all immortals. Which one is better than Lingtai, Tang Ming, Unity and Heaven? Kunming is too wild, and there are many birds and animals. Is it moral? Rangers cross the line, violate their righteousness and etiquette, which is the same as the performance of statutes, full-fledged? My disciples learned from Genesis by Qin Afang, but I didn't know that Luo Jing had a system. Know the letter valley, but not the king. Before the master's speech was over, Xidubin suddenly lost face, bowed his rank, bowed his head and resigned hand in hand. The master said, "Reset, five poems will be presented today." After graduating from school, Bing said, "What a beautiful poem! Justice depends on Yang Xiong, and so it is. Bandits only care about their masters' eagerness to learn, while beggars' gangs encounter adversity. Boys are crazy and simple, and don't know what to cut. Since he heard the right path, please recite it for life. " -Han Bangu's Du Dong Fu Du Dong Fu Han: Ban Gu

Du Dong's host sighed: "It is painful to change people's customs. People in the Qin Dynasty, Kouakou, protect rivers and mountains, know the truth and know the emperor. What about the clouds in the Han Dynasty? At the beginning of the century, Fu ascended the throne after several generations' efforts. It is impossible to talk about these six books. At this time, he made great achievements, and on the same day he knelt down and begged for disobedience and obedience. Therefore, Lou Jing sized up the situation and offered it, and Xiao Gong Chuan should expand his system. When you are peaceful, you can't count on yourself. I didn't see my son, and finally I became the heir of Gu Yao. Isn't it dark? Today, I will talk about the rule of Jianwu and Yongping, which is supervised by Taiqing, in order to change my mind. Yesterday, Wang Mang rebelled, Han Zuozhong lacked loyalty, heaven and man were punished, and Liuhe was destroyed. In the chaos at that time, several people died, ghosts and gods disappeared, the valley was endless, and the room was deserted. Vilen hates human flesh, and rivers shed blood. Qin Hexiang's disaster is still too great. Since the bookmark, there is no record. Therefore, the number of protests against the holy emperor is fatal. God is pregnant and sent to prison. Therefore, the holy emperor took the dry character, expounded Kun Zhen, went to the imperial map, and received the emperor's text. He was very angry. If he wants to ascend to heaven, whether he will attack Kunyang or not, he will be angry with Lei Zhen. Then cross the river, cross Beiyue, establish Gaoyi, and build Ducheng River and Luohe River. King Shao Bai's famine was due to the cleanliness of nature and the establishment of physical elements, which followed the sky. The Tang Dynasty was Tong, Han Xu, and Xi, and the new crimson was redundant, both in the past and present, and diligent about thirty-five. What's more, this is a special way of tracking each other, one after another, managing recent events and taking the risk of being a saint, Yi Yun. Moreover, the husband built troops, the world turned, and within the four seas, more couples were built, more fathers and sons were built, and the relationship began. The reason why the Sinaifu family regards Dide as the best is also. Si Nai Xuanyuan made great contributions because he divided the state land, established the city courtyard, made plans and made instruments. Castration is punished by heaven, and it is necessary to follow God's will. Sinaitang and Wu Zhao Wang Ye were returned. There is a reason why Yin Zongxing moved the capital to the city. That is, in the soil, there is a system of Zhou Chenglong Ping. A person's handle is the same as that of Gaozu. Self-denial, self-denial, self-denial, self-denial and self-respect. The charter is a tribute to the past and to the ancestors.

Appreciation of Narrative Argument Du Du's Fu on Capital suggests moving the capital to Chang 'an, which is very strategic. Ban Gu maintained Luoyang as the capital, and he was extremely cautious in dealing with the evaluation of the former Han Dynasty and the western capital. Needless to say, "Xi Du Fu" was originally a word of praise and boasting. Du Dong Fu begins with a cloud:

Du Dong's host sighed: "It is painful to change people's customs. Zi Ren, Kouakou, protects the rivers and mountains, knows the emperor when he knows it, and sees the clouds of the Han Dynasty? "

The criticism is directed at Qin Shihuang, not Han Xiandi. The next paragraph is "The Great Man's Kaiyuan", which is very general. Because the later Han claimed to be the imperial system of the former Han, we must affirm the former Han; However, compared with the pre-and post-Han dynasties, the rulers at that time needed to praise and praise the achievements of the post-Han dynasty and Luoyang, the eastern capital, so the achievements of the pre-Han dynasty could not be described in detail. Let's say, "This speech is about building the military, and the matter of Yongping is too clear to confuse people." It began to describe the achievements and etiquette of the later Han Dynasty. He also said: "When the capital is moved to a city, there is a reason for the revival of Yin Zong; That is, in the soil, there is a system of Zhou Chenglong Ping. " From a historical point of view, its capital, Luoyi, has a precedent and is one of the best in the world, so its geographical position is favorable. From the content arrangement and phrasing of Fu, we can see the mentality of the supreme ruler at that time and Ban Gu's grasp of it.

Du Dongfu, based on feudal etiquette, praised Jianwu and Yongping for their prosperous times, ending with a sentence of "prosperous times". It praised Xi Du Bing first, and then criticized him. His articles were vacillating and expressive. Next, the situation and customs of Xidu and Dongdu are directly compared: "What's more, it is difficult for Fu Cha to build a border in Xirong, and it is difficult to prevent it from being built. It is better to reach out on the ground and encircle all sides?" Nine hills in Qinling Mountains, the river of Jingwei River, the four blasphemies and five mountains, the river back to Los Angeles, the source of books? Zhang Jian, Ganquan and the Forbidden City are all immortals. Which one is better than Lingtai, Tang Ming, Unity and Heaven? Kunming is too wild, and there are many birds and animals. Is it moral? The ranger was arrogant and extravagant, and committed the crime of benevolence, righteousness and propriety. Who is as full of wings as the law? "This attitude clearly praised the geographical location, situation and simple customs of Luoyang, the capital of the East, as well as the combination of architecture and environment." "Unity of Heaven and Man" and "Degree of Common Law" indicate that the themes of Du Dong's Fu, Book Source and Moral Wealth, are the places where Du Dong's Fu focuses on narration and publicity. Let's look at the opening of "Two Capitals Fu": "Disciples learn from Qin Afang, but they don't know how to make it; I know that Hangu Pass can be closed, but I don't know that there is nothing but the king. "Use a new scale to measure the gains and losses of the Qin Dynasty (actually referring to the pre-Qin Dynasty) and the Eastern Han Dynasty. Then, the admiration for Xidubin is the ending of Fu's main body. This is exactly the same as the ending of Shang. But on the whole, the beginning, end and transition of Ban Gu's Du Du Fu are more rigorous and natural, full of modality and longer than charm.

Because the purpose of Ban Gu's creation is to express his personal views on a political issue, or even to participate in an argument, unlike Zi Xu and Shang Lin, there are many exaggerated parts, which are more empirical. It is mainly not to express an emotion or a spirit, but to express an idea and an idea. This can also be said to be related to the ethos of the times at that time, which is the embodiment of the style of writing and social atmosphere at that time. In addition, consistent with the emphasis on ethics in Fu, Fu's language is elegant and beautiful (as Ma's Fu Shi points out), with a calm and harmonious rhythm, which can be described as golden voice and graceful demeanor.

Structurally, this part has also made a breakthrough in Zixu and Shanglin, as mentioned above. Let's take a look at the final idea. As the end of Quan Fu, Du Dong Fu did not end after Xidubin's "sudden humiliation, drifting down the ladder and holding hands to resign". Here's the thing: "Master said: Reset, and now give it out in five poems." Considering that the following poem will split the ending and lose its charm, I attached it to the end of the article, and Xidubin praised it as the ending: Bin graduated, but said, "Good poem! Justice depends on Yang Xiong, and so it is. Bandits only care about their masters' eagerness to learn, while beggars' gangs encounter adversity. Boys are crazy and simple, and don't know what to cut. Since he heard that he was suffering, please recite it for life. "Seemingly relaxed and humorous, with a little fable flavor, this excellent speech is full of solemnity and vividness. Among them, "the righteousness depends on Yang Xiong, and the facts are similar" can also be regarded as Ban Gu's own summary of the characteristics of "DuDu Fu".

Because this Fu describes Luoyang's shape, system and cultural relics, compared with the only hunters in Zi Xu and Shang Lin, its content is richer and wider, and it can also show the political, economic and cultural development of an era in a concentrated, multi-angle and multi-faceted way, so some people in later generations imitated it and formed the type of "Kyoto Fu". Selected Works of Zhaoming is divided into fifteen categories, and Kyoto Fu ranks first. In the past dynasties, there were also "Kyoto" or "Du Yi" in Wenyuan Huaying and Fuhui.

Ban Gu (8 years and 32 years of Jianwu-4 years and 92 years of Yongyuan) was an official, historian and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The son of Ban Biao, a historian, was born in Fufeng Anling (now the northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi). In addition to "History of Lantai", he was transferred to the post of Secretary Lang of Canon School and devoted himself to compiling "Hanshu" for more than 20 years. At present, he moved to Xuanwu Sima, wrote "White Tiger with Tongde Theory", recruited Xiongnu as the Han imperial army, was implicated in defeat, and died in prison. He was good at Ci Fu, including "Two Capitals Fu". Bangu

The bonfire is in the west of the city 100 feet, and it is windy and autumn in Shanghai at dusk. (Last Solo: Sitting Alone) Even if you play Guan Shanyue, you don't have to worry about Mrs. Jin Wanli. The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love. I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall. The elm leaves in Guancheng are early yellow, and the ancient battlefield in Shayunli is dusk. Please go back to the army to hide dust and bones, and don't teach soldiers to cry. There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan. Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned. The desert is foggy, and the red flag is half rolled out of Yuanmen. The former army fought in Taohe River overnight, and it was reported that Tuguhun was captured alive. Hu bottle flows purple and thin sweat, and the autumn moon in the west of the city is broken. Ming Xing Chi sealed the sword and told you to take Loulan overnight. Yumen Mountain is a thousand miles long, and the mountain is always in the north and south. People should look at the fire from a distance, but they can't see the horses in the mountains. -Wang Changling's Seven Books on the Art of War in the Tang Dynasty, with seven books on the art of war.

Tang Dynasty: Wang Changling

The bonfire is in the west of the city 100 feet, and it is windy and autumn in Shanghai at dusk. (The last one is alone: sitting alone)

Guan Shanyue, who plays Qiangdi, is not worried about the golden boy Wan Li.

The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love.

I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.

The elm leaves in Guancheng are early yellow, and the ancient battlefield in Shayunli is dusk.

Please go back to the army to hide dust and bones, and don't teach soldiers to cry.

Read the full text ∨ bonfire in the west of the city 100 feet, windy and autumn in Shanghai at dusk. (The last one is alone: sitting alone)

Guan Shanyue, who plays Qiangdi, is not worried about the golden boy Wan Li.

The new sound of pipa dance is always the old love.

I can't listen to endless worries, and the high autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.

The elm leaves in Guancheng are early yellow, and the ancient battlefield in Shayunli is dusk.

Please go back to the army to hide dust and bones, and don't teach soldiers to cry.

There is a dark snow-capped mountain in Qinghai, with long white clouds and a lonely city looking at Yumenguan.

Yellow sand wears golden armor in hundreds of battles, but the loulan is not returned.

The desert is foggy, and the red flag is half rolled out of Yuanmen.

The former army fought in Taohe River overnight, and it was reported that Tuguhun was captured alive.

Hu bottle flows purple and thin sweat, and the autumn moon in the west of the city is broken.

Ming Xing Chi sealed the sword and told you to take Loulan overnight.

Frontier fortress, narrative, lyrical, nostalgic for early education ancient poems, 100, secluded house in the lane, aristocratic home. When the pool is opened, it looks like a bold mirror, and the forest is blooming. Green water hides spring days, and green corridors hide sunset clouds. When you hear the strings, you can't boast. -Tang Li Bai's "Banquet Tao Jiating Zi" Banquet Tao Jiating Zi

A house with a winding path is the home of noble scholars.

When the pool is opened, it looks like a bold mirror, and the forest is blooming.

Green water hides spring days, and green corridors hide sunset clouds.

When you hear the strings, you can't boast. The landscape narrative concentrates on the old pond head, and the orchestral is sad. How many tunes and sounds in the pear garden that year made it hard for me, a white-haired old man, to remember, adding to my grief the past. In troubled times, apricot trees have nowhere to escape, only to stay alone with the wilderness, no one appreciates and pities. Only the water in the moat knows the sadness in my heart. -Song Yuanji's "Banquet for Good Things near Bianjing and Smell the Music of Jiaofang" Banquet for Good Things near Bianjing and Smell the Music of Jiaofang

I thought of the pool court in the old court, and when I heard the music in the old court, I suddenly felt infinite sadness. How many tunes and sounds in the pear garden that year made it hard for me, a white-haired old man, to remember, adding to my grief the past.

In troubled times, apricot trees have nowhere to escape, only to stay alone with the wilderness, no one appreciates and pities. Only the water in the moat knows the sadness in my heart. Selected works of Song Ci, patriotism, narrative lyricism