The living customs of the Han nationality in the Republic of China

During the Republic of China, the changes and development of living customs were more active than other types of customs. It can be said that the changes of customs in the Republic of China began with the customs of life. This is because a culture's absorption of foreign cultures often starts from the surface of life. After the Republic of China, with the invasion of primitive economy in western countries and the infiltration of modern material civilization, China people saw a brand-new way of life, which stimulated their psychology of pursuing and imitating the progressive way of life of mankind, transformed and enriched their lives with this new way of life intentionally or unintentionally, and made great changes to the traditional way of life. Yan Changhong: the spread of western customs to the east, Hunan Publishing House, 199 1 year, p. 52. 1. Clothing custom The most direct and rapid external reflection of the change of social customs of the Han nationality during the Republic of China was the renewal of clothing styles. The main symbol of this revival is that men braid women's feet, men change women and women become new. 1. Men cut their braids. Men shave their heads and braid their hair. It was originally a way for Manchu rulers in Qing Dynasty to force Han people to accept it when they first entered the Central Plains. So in the Qing Dynasty, whether a man wore a braid became a symbol of his loyalty to the imperial court in the Han society. In the Qing Dynasty, men's knitting was not only a matter of living customs, but also a political issue. At this time, Han's men mainly used politics and law to shave their hair, lacking the corresponding social foundation. In the People's Republic of China (PRC) period, with the demise of the Qing Dynasty and the changes of social and historical conditions, the custom of shaving heads and leaving braids imposed on men in Han society by Manchu rulers was unsustainable. Bourgeois revolutionaries believe that the style of clothes and hair is the national emblem of a nation, which is often associated with the national spirit, and the national concept arises spontaneously. Wang Jingwei: A national, People's Daily No.65438 +0. Therefore, we call on the people to get rid of the barriers of Manchu, and we must go to Manchu. Only in this way can we get rid of this cumbersome thing once and for all, gain the politics of the latter and carry out thorough reforms. For those who don't do this, the authorities will punish them if you don't want to cut their braids. The Governor of Zhejiang stipulated that February 17 of the first year, that is, the end of February of the lunar calendar, was the separatist period. On the reasons for braiding19121010/October 8th. 1 912,65438+ 10 month,16,65438+10 month, 65438+10 month,1. Even the braid-cutting order issued by the Nanjing government only gave a deadline of 20 days. In many places, people who wear braids are simply regarded as enemies. Some of them have pigtails and are not ridiculed as dolphin tails, or they are full of slaves and want to deprive them of the right to vote. 1912165438+1October 20th, they were forced to do nothing. Back then, countless Han Chinese happily cut off the braid of this slave symbol. There are also superstitious people who will choose an auspicious day in advance to worship their ancestors, and then carefully cut off the burning braids. Some people even get together to cut braids, set off firecrackers and hold public banquets on the same day to celebrate. Xu Jincheng: declaration, 16. American local government's laws and regulations on knitting and the enthusiastic advocacy of revolutionaries have quickly received a general response, and the knitting craze has quickly sprung up throughout the country. In Guangdong, no matter how adopted, no matter how old, weak and old, farmers, workers, businessmen and soldiers will try their best to break the shackles of nature. According to statistics, more than 200,000 people cut their braids every day. Continued "News and Declaration of the National Revolution in Huangxian County", p. 456. In Changsha, braiding was the earliest fashion after the revolution. Everyone thinks that not braiding is an obvious sign of being conquered as a slave, so they cut the braids of school classmates and passers-by in the street. Tao Juyin: Ta Kung Pao unofficial history Republic of China, Zhonghua Book Company, 1963, 194. Even in Taiwan Province Province, which is far away from the mainland, the trend of haircuts became popular in various cities and finally spread to the vast rural areas. Wang Wende: Guangdong Independence, Materials of the Revolution of 1911, Zhonghua Book Company, 1963, p. 5 10. People's rights and rights values

Because suits and braids are incompatible. A braid on the back of the head of the Qing soldiers wearing western-style military uniforms makes people feel neither fish nor fowl. Suits and shoes are for being more energetic and cleaner. For example, a smelly and indelible pig tail on the back of the head will make people sick. Practicality and beauty are the main pursuits of material customs, especially in clothing. Knitting is convenient for activities and beneficial to health. With the development of commodity economy and the import of modern western material civilization, by the end of 19 and the first half of the 20th century, China people had some Europeanized lifestyles and customs. People in China braid their hair in Khufu, which really hinders their actions, and when they travel to other countries, they will be laughed at by others. It is out of date and brings inconvenience to people. Changsha responded to the uprising, Memoirs of the Revolution of 1911 Question 3. No matter from the perspective of hygiene or aesthetics, there is no merit. At this time, people have seen the advantages of weaving, such as Qiang Bing, solid planting, easy maintenance and vibration technology. Cutting braids is the general trend, so is the so-called change. Change is a fragment of Taiwan Province Province before and after the Revolution of 1911, the third issue of Memoirs of the Revolution of 1911. But the hair was tied up first. The hair was braided in the Qing Dynasty. The short hair of westerners changed everything. However, the trend of the world is changing with each passing day, and the degree of evolution is different. I didn't know there were thousands. Braids are easy to serve, Hubei student association. It can be seen that the behavior of men braiding reflects China people's pursuit of western civilization and their desire for China to revitalize China, which naturally gets the response of the vast majority of men in Han society. Of course, abolishing an old custom will not happen overnight. Many people who pursue stability and conservatism still insist on their long braids in the face of a large-scale wave of braiding. Some of them wear their heads, some ride shoulder skirts, and some wear their tails. Easy to change 19 12 June 14. For example, in some remote places, until the 1950s, people still wore pigtails. A man can't wear his hair without clothes. With the development of editing and publishing activities in the early Republic of China, there was an upsurge of dressing up in society. The official clothes and casual clothes of the Qing Dynasty, because they embody the hierarchical concept of feudal etiquette, are as disgusting to the people as braids; But peacock feathers, horseshoe sleeves, shawls and straight beasts have long been despised by Han people. After the revolution, most of the costumes symbolizing feudal privilege and national oppression were abandoned, and all the official uniforms inside and outside the former dynasty were shelved. Cut braids and change clothes, so that the old, monotonous and hierarchical situation of clothes is replaced by lively and ever-changing scenes. After braiding, most people began to have the habit of wearing hats. So all kinds of hats, doctors' hats, straw hats, sanitary hats and wool rope hats flow together. Since the Republic of China, all men have cut their hair, and this trend is increasing. Straw hats are becoming more and more popular in summer. Now it has spread all over the country. At first we used inferior goods. Since the boycott, domestic straw hat companies have started. Day and night rush, not enough to sell, poor goods almost extinct Hubei student community1912 July 16. Why do you wear a hat after cutting your hair? There are many reasons. The most important thing is that people at that time were not used to having no ornaments on their heads. Using hats instead of braids, although most of them are made in China, the style is western. It is not difficult to observe the psychological state of this transitional period.