What are the customs and habits of Jianghua Yao nationality? Important, specific?

Yao nationality is an ancient nationality in the southern mountainous area of China. Jianghua Yao Autonomous County is the county with the largest population of Yao people in Hunan, accounting for 38% of the total population of Yao people in the province and 62% of the total population of the county. According to their residence and economic life, Jianghua Yao can be divided into Gaoshan Yao, Guoshan Yao and Pingdi Yao, among which Gaoshan Yao is mainly concentrated in Mingzhu Mountain and its eastern alpine areas. The main economic activity is forestry production. "Husband-in-law and son-in-law" is a very popular marriage form of Gaoshan nationality in Jianghua. Under this marriage mode, a fertility culture which is obviously different from other regions has been formed. Jianghua Yao Autonomous County, known as "the first county of Yao nationality in China", is a magical land, and its Yao family's marriage customs are unique and fascinating.

This is a unique way for Yao girls and boys to fall in love.

There are many twists and turns on the river, but it is difficult to get out in three steps. Yao girls and boys are immersed in songs. Every year, every village will hold a song festival on February 1 day, a Yao song festival on March 3, a Spring Cattle Show on April 8, a Duanyang Festival on May 5, a Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15 and a King's Festival on August 10/6. At that time, girls and boys had to dress up for the concert. The young man will take the initiative to throw the folk songs in the past: "The mountain is steep and winding. I think my little sister wants to sing. If you can't sing well, you're not afraid to laugh, but you're afraid that Miss Sister will "test the truth" with you. "If the girl is interested, she will immediately seize the folk song:" If you want to join the sister, you can sing. If you want to punt, you can go to the river. I can't sing half-heartedly, but I will sing with my heart. "At this time, the young man will even let go of his voice and sing heartily:" I want my sister to sing, and I want to go down to the river and get rid of my feet. Even my sister must have a real connection. Which one deceives four feet? " In this way, when they echo each other, the sparks of love will collide. When they love deeply, they will give each other something as a souvenir and sow the seeds of love.

"Huige Hall" is another way for Yao girls and boys to talk about love. There are several kinds of "karaoke bars": guest karaoke bars-young people from other villages come to visit the village, and young people in the village invite guests to sing; Lu Yu KTV-On the way to the fair, several young men and women met and sang songs. Wedding karaoke bars-special karaoke bars at home before girls get married, but boys come uninvited.

Engagement, marriage proposal, housekeeping and seeing off are the prelude for Yao girls and boys to get married.

When the young man proposes, the matchmaker will take a bag of four eggs wrapped in bamboo leaves to propose marriage to the woman. The woman accepted the promise and the matchmaker immediately told the man the good news. On the second visit, the matchmaker brought two Jin of wine and meat, a little sugar and fruit, and went to the woman's blind date with the young men. If both sides are willing, the proposal will be successful. Then, accompanied by her aunt and sister, the woman went to the man to "see the house" and understand the basic situation. The woman was satisfied, and the man chose a "good day" to hold the engagement ceremony. On the morning of the engagement, the man found an honest and steady colleague to accompany him and chose 60 Jin of wine and 60 Jin of pork for the woman. The woman wrote down the girl's date of birth on red paper, made a "dragon and phoenix post" and handed it to the man seriously. The girl's family distributed 60 semi-circular fried Baba, weighing about two kilograms, which was sent by the man to relatives' homes to convey good news that the girl was "taken away by famous flowers".

Before the girl gets married, the man will hold "gift tea", prepare 80 kilograms of rice wine, 60 kilograms of pork, some clothes and a set of jewelry, and send them to the woman's house. After that, it is to send "days". The man chose an auspicious day for his wedding, made a "auspicious day book" with red paper, prepared 60 Ciba, put them in the cupboard and piled them into a pagoda shape, and carried them to the woman himself. The woman took the "auspicious day book" piously and treasured it, waiting for the festive day to come.

Marriage is a day when Yao girls can't live without their parents, brothers and sisters, relatives and friends.

When the girl saw that the man gave her a "day", she developed a sense of attachment and began to "sit away from her mother's moon". Near the month of becoming a monk, I worked hard, and I only had sewing and dowry at home. At the same time, we have to "eat shoes and rice", that is, the relatives and friends of the woman have invited the girls away one after another this month. The girl will send a pair of hand-made cloth shoes to relatives and friends to express her gratitude and commemoration.

Two days before the wedding, the bride began to "cry and marry", and all relatives, friends and sisters in the village came to the house for a party. For two consecutive nights, they treated each other with tea and cried for their families. Cry your parents first, in addition to expressing your feelings of parting, thank your parents for raising your kindness, push your parents recklessly into the fire pit, and cry out your inner resentment one by one; After crying, I thanked my brother and sister-in-law, but I also counted the "mistakes" of my brother and sister-in-law, forbearing myself and pushing myself into other people's homes to suffer; I cried again, sister, sister cried, sympathized with each other, helped each other in the same boat, was emotional, vivid and touching, just like the pain where you were going, and cried to the end in turn. The next night, a banquet was held. After the banquet, we gathered in the Song family to "sit in the Song Hall".

After dawn, drums and music played in unison, firecrackers rang in unison to take the bride to her seat, and at the same time, the male singer was sent out to sit in the karaoke room, which was the end.

After breakfast, the bride dressed up, wearing a corolla, a silver hairpin in her bun, a silver ring in her earlobe, a silver cymbal in her hand, a brand-new apron on her chest, a dazzling silver chain around her waist and embroidered pointed shoes on her feet. She got married in a sedan chair with the sound of drum music, was carried trembling, entered the village, paid homage, entered the room and entered the bridal chamber.