How do Yi people celebrate the New Year 100 words?

Yi people call the New Year "the history of the library". "Ku" means years old or years old. "History" is "new". "Kushi" means to celebrate the New Year. Whenever the first snow in the deep mountains, the red leaves in the autumn mountains, the sun comes back, the rice is ripe and the crops are put into storage, it is the time for the Yi people to celebrate the New Year. The annual festival of the Yi people is at the end of October in the lunar calendar. In some places, October 30th of the lunar calendar is designated as New Year's Eve, and the first day of the winter month is the beginning of the New Year. In most areas of Liangshan, auspicious days are chosen by region, but they all fall within October of the lunar calendar.

"Library History" is one of the most important traditional festivals of Yi people. A month before the new year, I was making preparations. The Chinese New Year song sings: "Counting the months to raise pigs is afraid that pigs will gain weight, and mixing concentrated feed will make them too fat to stand up;" Counting the number of days to make wine, I am afraid that the wine is not good, covered with hemp fiber and pressed with slate for fermentation, and the wine is rich; Chop firewood in piles, and pile it into stones in the New Year. "

As the New Year approaches in China, the children keep moving their fingers for several days, hoping that the New Year will come soon. The curved pig's feet are children's, and the children should bring their own meat for a picnic. Chinese New Year is the end of a year, the beginning of a new year, and the boundary between the old and the new. Celebrate the harvest and entertainment of the year and look forward to the future. I wish the new year good weather, abundant crops, prosperous livestock, cleanliness and peace. I wish you happiness every year.

In case of misfortune and illness in the old year, people will get great spiritual support and comfort through the new year. In the new and old seasons, fortune changes, congratulations on the coming of the new year. With Chinese New Year as the definition, everything starts all over again. As long as we get off to a good start, luck will flourish. Take the Chinese New Year as the standard and isolate the unfortunate fate of the past year.

After the New Year, it will not be a good year. There will be many disasters and plagues, and people will celebrate the New Year halfway. Letting children take sticks as weapons and attack a symbolic magic palace built at the entrance of the village seems to be a tearing battle with evil spirits. Finally, the children will destroy the magic palace. Through this move, people will gain new spiritual sustenance.

The Spring Festival is the happiest day of the year. In daily life, eating enough and wearing warm clothes will give you a sense of happiness like New Year. "There is no reason to eat as much as you want for three days in the New Year." The Spring Festival is a time to celebrate the New Year, get together with the whole family, enjoy family happiness, have ample food and clothing, and live a sweet and happy life. The contents of Chinese New Year activities include celebrating good luck, praying for blessings, exorcising evil spirits and offering sacrifices to ancestors.

Yi people's "library history" has a long history. According to the records of Yi folk literature, "Yi people began to celebrate the Spring Festival by a man named Obkosa." Because of its long history, it has formed a set of customs and habits, which are rich in ancestor worship, firewood piling, observing the old age, dust removal, drinking, Chinese New Year and so on.

Yi people should spread a layer of grass on the ground during the Spring Festival. Choose to cut grass on the rock, where the grass is pure and clean, and the grass has not been touched by the sheep's mouth; It is grass that has not been trampled by animals' hooves; It is rich grassland and lush grass. The grass is brilliant and green, and the green grass is as soft as a green carpet, symbolizing the prosperity of future generations.

In the New Year of Yi people, pine needles are placed under the spirits of ancestors. The pine trees are green and faint, symbolizing eternal evergreen. In the cold winter, the snow is loose and the pine is still green; The tenacity of pine trees symbolizes that all future generations are brave and strong. The skin of pine trees is very thick, and there is an aromatic turpentine in their hearts, which symbolizes that people should have a kind heart like pine trees. The Yi people speak highly of pine trees.

Heap firewood

The Spring Festival is the end of a year, the connecting point between years, and the dividing line between the old and the new. During the Chinese New Year, old people live longer, while young people are one year older. "Chinese New Year at the beginning of the year, Torch Festival at the end of the year." Every year, every year, I don't know how many times it has been repeated in turn.

Before the Chinese New Year, the Yi people not only urged to feed fat pigs and brew good wine, but also made an important preparation-"piling firewood". It is to pile up a pile of tall and neat firewood in front of and behind the house. It takes a month or two to finish this preparation before the Chinese New Year. Every household in the stockade piles firewood, keeping up with each other, and the firewood pile is high, which shows thrift and recreation.

The woodpile sang, "Hey! Aslo！ Oh, Niuniu! The forest is vast, tall and straight, full of vitality, and the leaves are thick and shady. It is a festival every year. Nine young people were sent to the forest to cut wood. Nine young people, armed with nine axes, came to the forest to choose! The trees in Wazigoleh are the purest, and the trees there grow on high rocks, which are trees that have never been touched with iron; It is a tree that wild animals have not climbed; It is an unpolluted tree; Cut down nine trees and accumulate nine sticks. Heap firewood in the New Year, and pile firewood like hanging rocks. "

During the three days of Chinese New Year, the fire in the fireplace can't be extinguished, and the fireplace can't be cold or gray. During the few days of the Chinese New Year, the whole family often sat around the fireplace and stayed up all night, which was not only a nostalgia for the lost years, but also an earnest expectation for the arrival of the new year, that is, "keeping the old". Therefore, building a fire needs to accumulate a lot of firewood. The fire is burning brightly, which symbolizes the prosperity and progress of future generations.

There is a fire in the Chinese New Year, and the Han people also have the saying of' thirty nights of fire'. "The fire inside the house is bright outside, to welcome Apu to celebrate the New Year with his children and grandchildren. Apu came to the edge of the house and saw a hanging stone. Apu thought it was a hanging rock. On closer inspection, it turned out to be a woodpile piled by his children and grandchildren. In the new year, pile firewood to welcome Apu, burn a big fire to barbecue Apu, and Apu will be warm. The house is warm, the children and grandchildren are full, and the family lives in peace. "The whole family, old and young, slept by the fire pit, guarding their old age, guarding their ancestors and guarding Vulcan. Yi people feel that this is the happiest and warmest time; This is a time of family reunion and happiness. Father and son are very happy together; Mother is very happy with her former daughter.

The reason why Yi people pile firewood during the Spring Festival is that almost all Yi areas were virgin forests and dense jungles hundreds of years ago. For example, the vast forests and towering ancient trees make it impossible for people to enter the forest for days and nights. Some flat mountains are inhabited, and small plains are like scattered islands in the sea. Yi people deal with trees every day, and they can see them when they go out. Therefore, there is a folk saying: "The trees in Daliangshan Mountain are rotten, and people in Anning River don't know." The beams, columns and tiles of Yi houses are all made of wood. Even many people's walls are all wood or bamboo. Tableware, drinking utensils and saddles used by Yi people are all made of wood. The ancestral spirits of the Yi people are made of wood. Bimo's musical instruments, magic pipes and magic fans are all made of wood. Bimo's golden branches and branches are all made of branches. A stick or branch represents a god. Such as St. Grandpa, Azbaga, and so on. Grave trees growing in graves on the top of high mountains should be specially protected by people, and these trees should not be cut down at will. If the trees on the top of the mountain are cut down, climate change will be affected, storms will sweep through, hail will attack, and cattle, sheep, livestock and crops will suffer losses. Sometimes storms come and cause losses, and Bimo is invited to go up the mountain to sacrifice trees; The big trees in front of and behind the house worship with wine and meat on holidays. So the Yi people worship trees very much.

The firewood piled in the New Year must be burned with red stone, and the Yi people are related to the life and death of firewood. Life is inseparable from firewood, and death is also made of firewood.

"dust"

In the early morning of the Chinese New Year, the whole family, old and young, went out to dust and sweep the house, together to sweep away diseases, evils and mildew, and greet the new year neatly, hoping that the coming year will be clean, safe, healthy and beautiful.

Song of Dust Blowing sings: "There are green bamboos on the mountain of Zhu Jin, and the plum bamboos have been exposed/three teenagers have been sent/three broadswords in their hands/three bamboo sweeps in their hands/a bamboo sweep in their father's hands/a gold and silver sweep all the way into the market/recruiting gold and silver souls today/the day after tomorrow! /gold said that the silver hand had cocoons/gold and silver filled the box.

Mom has a broom in her hand/sweeping the pot/sweeping a tea road/tonight/summoning the soul of tea/the day after tomorrow! /Tea and food are piling up/Tea is on the table, and guests like it/There is food at home, but they don't panic.

Brother holds a broom in his hand/cleans the hall/sweeps to Longtou Mountain/sweeps a path for cattle and sheep/summons the souls of cattle and sheep tonight/the day after tomorrow! /Counting sheep makes eyes bloom.

Sisters are holding brooms/sweeping to Gasuto/ sweeping a jewelry road/recruiting jewelry souls/dressing up our girls/our girls are particularly beautiful this New Year's night. "

In addition to cleaning the environment inside and outside the house, Yi people have to take a bath and wash clothes during the Spring Festival. The Han nationality also has a similar custom, "Don't wear an undershirt for the New Year" to prevent pollution from crossing the New Year. If there is such a sentence: "Wash your hair in the New Year, wash your hair with soma flower soaking solution, your hair will be black and shiny, and your thinking will be sharp all year round;" Wash the waist in the New Year, soak the green bamboo leaves in the water, wash the waist fresh, and the waist is strong all year round; Wash your feet in the New Year, soak your feet in wormwood, wash your feet clean, and walk clean all year round. "

Yi people not only clean the indoor and outdoor environment, but also clean the doors and windows, eaves, beams and columns, sewers and sewage. Clean up the smoke and dust in the pot village; Especially pots, plates, bowls, lamps and tableware. Rinse with boiling water after disinfection; Wooden trays, wooden saucers, green bottoms, wine vessels, salbo and wine glasses dedicated to ancestors should be cleaned to prevent dust from polluting them for many years.

After cleaning up the garbage inside and outside the house, pile it on the side of the house and burn it on fire. Smoke rises slowly, as a signal to inform heaven, so that ancestors can descend to earth to welcome their children and grandchildren in the New Year.

During the Spring Festival, both adults and children put on new clothes. Children especially like to wear new clothes. When they put on new clothes, they first went for a walk in their neighbors' house to win their praise. Ping often hears adults say that "children wear new clothes and often smell the fragrance of new cloth, and children are willing to grow up."

Yi people clean the environment and personal hygiene and put on new clothes during the New Year. After all the requirements are changed, they must perform sacred ceremonies. Pick up a clean stone, burn it red in the fire, put it in a ladle full of water, let out steam, and turn around indoors and outdoors to show cleaning and disinfection. The hymn sings: "Send nine children/find clean stones/the stones on Goliath's rocks are the cleanest/the stones that have not been trampled by wild animals' hooves/Nine children pick up nine stones/pour water to drive away evil spirits. "Send nine girls/carry nine cedar buckets on their backs/go to the ravine to get clean water/at the foot of Tuer Mountain/the water is clear and bright/this is water without polluted animal hooves/nine girls carry nine buckets of water/scoop water and flint to drive the house/the room is pure/the family is harmonious.