Jiuhuashan Chenghua Temple Jiuhuashan and Earth Treasure Bodhisattva

Jiuhua Mountain is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, formerly known as Jiuzi Mountain. It is located 20 kilometers southwest of Qingyang County, Anhui Province, with an area of 100 square kilometers. The mountain is so dangerous that it is known as "the first mountain in the southeast". Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, climbed Jiuzi Mountain three times and praised it with a poem: "I was in Jiujiang yesterday, overlooking Jiuhua Mountain. Tianhe hangs green water, showing nine hibiscus. " Therefore, Jiuzishan was renamed Jiuhuashan.

As early as the Jin Dynasty (AD 40 1), there were temple buildings in Jiuhua Mountain, which started as a Taoist temple. In the Tang Dynasty, Silla (now North Korea) Jin Qiaojue came to build houses and repair Buddhist temples on a large scale. After the construction of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Jiuhua Mountain has at most 150 temples. There are over 50 existing temples and over 500 buddhas and bodhisattvas/kloc-0. The famous temples are: Huacheng Temple, Sports Hall, Tanyuan Temple and Baisui Palace.

To go to Jiuhua Mountain and enter the mountain gate, you must first go to Jiuhua Street, which is the center of Jiuhua Mountain. The temples are mainly concentrated in this area and are known as the "Lotus Buddha Country".

The full name of the Tibetan Bodhisattva is "Great Wish for the Tibetan King Bodhisattva". The Ten Classics of Dizang contains: "Endure humiliation like the earth, meditate like Dizang", hence the name Dizang.

According to legend, when Sakyamuni spoke for his mother, Mrs. Moyev, he told the Tibetan people to live in the world for a long time and take charge of the underworld (that is, the leader of the underworld) to relieve the suffering of all beings in the three evils. So after Sakyamuni's extinction and before Maitreya's birth, Dizang undertook the great task of educating all beings in the Buddha-free world and saving all suffering. He wrote, "All living beings have exhausted Bodhi; Hell is not empty, and vowed not to become a Buddha ",so he represents the" great wish ".

Most of the statues of Tibetan Bodhisattvas are dressed as monks, dressed in robes, holding Ruyi Pearl in their left hand and Nine xizhang in their right hand. His mount is called "Diligence"

According to the Biography of Song Monks, the fetus in Tibet was entrusted to Prince Silla, whose surname was Jin and his name was Joe. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 653) came to China, he built a house in Jiuhuashan, Anhui Province and practiced asceticism. Later, he collected local believers and raised funds to build temples, which increased the number of Buddhist temples and monks and nuns in Jiuhua Mountain. At the age of 99, he died in his own jar. When he opened the jar three years later, he was in good health, his face was as white as ashes and his joints were moving. Buddhists call it the reincarnation of Buddha. So I went into the tower wholeheartedly. This is the world-famous Buried King's Body Tower. Later, I built a temple to hide the tower and named it "Body Hall".

In the Ming Dynasty, Jin Qiaojue Dizang began to be sacrificed as the incarnation of Dizang Bodhisattva. Since then, Jiuhua Mountain has become the Dojo of the Tibetan Bodhisattva.

Main cultural relics of Huacheng Temple

In Buddhist temples and quiet rooms, people often paste Spring Festival couplets with warm spring breeze and fragrant leaves. One of the leaves is the Sanskrit Leaf Sutra, commonly known as the True Leaf Sutra. This is a Buddhist sutra written by ancient Indian Buddhists on Bedolo tree with an iron pen. Xuanzang, the Tang Priest, went to Tibet to learn the scriptures, and that's what he brought with him. According to historical records, Yuan Dao, a monk of the Song Dynasty, returned from the Western Regions and got 40 Sanskrit Bayeux Scriptures, which were hidden in the Anda Wild Goose Pagoda. This is probably the origin of the Bayeux sutra hidden in Jiuhua Mountain. There are two Sanskrit Bayeux Scriptures in Jiuhua Mountain. A bundle contains 10 leaves, each of which is 52.5 cm long and 6.5 cm wide. The leaves are engraved with seven lines of Sanskrit on both sides, and the handwriting is clear and the ink color does not fade. There are binding holes at the distance of 17 cm from both ends of each leaf. On April 8, 2004, Guangxu had an inscription on the album page of Jia Bei Ye Jing. This sutra was presented as Jiuhua to Zhu Chan, a Buddhist monk. The other splint is painted with red and black lotus petals, containing 73 petals, each of which is 39 cm long and 5.5 cm wide. The leaves are engraved with seven lines of Sanskrit on both sides, and the handwriting is clear and the ink color has not faded. The blade is 12 cm away from both ends of the perforation, and a rope passes through it, which can be untied.

The time from the beginning to Jiuhua Mountain was not tested, but it must have been a long time ago. The above two volumes of Bayeux Classic are in Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics. 1 February, 9881was identified as a national cultural relic and tentatively classified as a second-class collection.

There were two Tibetan scriptures in the Ming Dynasty. First, in March of the 14th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1586), Zhu's mother, the gods, announced the Tibetan scriptures given by the queen Su Ci. There are 65,438+0 Oracle Bone Inscriptions released by the conference, which were first collected in Gongjinge. In the second year of Jiaqing (65,438+0797), the scriptures were inadvertently issued in the fourteenth year of Huowanli, and were engraved in the next five years (65,438+0440). "In July of the 20th year of the Ming Dynasty, Empress Dowager Cixi printed Ji Dan." * * * There are 667 letters and 677l volumes. The scriptures are 35cm long and 13cm wide, all of which are made by pasting and folding white paper with a length of 66cm and 35cm. 5 pages per edition, 5 lines per page, and 17 words per line. Double-sided printing. All the function numbers are coded as "thousand words", "the universe is mysterious and yellow, and the universe is torrent. ..... "The order of the arrangement. In the Ming Dynasty, Jingming Pavilion was first hidden in the Tibetan Scripture Pavilion, and then moved to the Tibetan Scripture Building of Huasi, which was divided into four large storage cabinets. In the seventh year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1857), Taiping Army and Qing Army fought fiercely in Jiuhua Mountain. The front hall, the middle hall and the Daxiong hall of Huacheng Temple were all destroyed by soldiers, and only the back hall (that is, the Tibetan Scripture Building) survived. Today, all the Tibetan scriptures are hidden in 677 camphor trees. This is one of the only two well-preserved Tibetan scriptures of the Ming Dynasty. 1 988 February1National Cultural Heritage Administration is classified as a second-class collection. Secondly, in the twenty-seventh year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1599), on April 24th, Zongshen presented a book of Tibetan Classics. The number of scriptures has not been counted. Each volume is printed with the words "Ming Wanli,1July, 898, auspicious day is implemented according to the order". The specifications of the scroll are similar to those of the orthodox version. The imperial edict of Chongqing is well preserved.

Blood vessels and meridians. Yu Hai, a famous monk in the Ming Dynasty, studied the Huayan Classic of Dafang Guangfo with his finger blood for 28 years, so he was called the Blood Classic and the Blood Classic of the Ming Dynasty. In the third year of Chongzhen (1630), Emperor Amin Zhu Youjian sent people to make incense, named the body of a pure land monk "Bodhisattva" and offered it in gold. This "Blood Classic" is protected by monks as a treasure and cherished. After several wars, the classic of blood is well preserved, and the color of cinnabar has not faded. It is now in Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics. The warp is 8 1 roll, and each roll is bound by 15 pieces of white rice paper, each piece of paper is 60.5cm× 33cm, and 20 lines of scripture are copied, each line is 15 words. Each roll * * * is folded by 60 sides. 1 988 February1was rated as a first-class collection by National Cultural Heritage Administration.

The bronze statue of Sakyamuni. Height 198 cm, width 142 cm, weight 900 kg. It consists of an upper body and a lower body. Cast with the words "Wei Chijingde Supervision". At the end of Sui Dynasty, Wei Chijingde returned to the Tang Dynasty and came to Jiuhua Mountain to build a Buddhist temple. After identification, this Buddha statue was made in the Song Dynasty and "supervised by Wei Chijingde" was a fake. Originally Julong Temple in Santianmen, it was moved to the Buddhist Scripture Building of Huacheng Temple. The picture is mottled and listed as a second-class collection. It is the largest and oldest bronze Buddha statue in Jiuhua Mountain.

Imperial edict of Ming Shenzong. That is, in the twenty-seventh year of Ming Shenzong Wanli (1599), a total of 1 Tibetan scriptures were published. The Oracle was written on goose yellow wax paper. The width is 86.5 × 40 cm. There are two boxes inside and outside, with a distance of 7.5 cm. There are 12 painted golden dragons around the boxes. Gai Yangwen's "Treasure of Guang Yun" has a side length of 1 1.5 cm. His article said: "I want to tell the abbot and monks of Jiuhuashan Dizang Temple that I sincerely printed the Buddhist Tripitaka and presented it to famous temples in Beijing and around the world. After the first protection, I have been informed. Abbots, monks, etc. Be honest and clean and recite it day and night. Royal Guards bowed to Kangtai, and the palace basin was cleared. The past is the past, and I pray for a long life. The country is peaceful, the world is peaceful, and it is applied to all corners of the country and belongs to benevolence and charity. I have done nothing to govern this country. Today, I specially sent official supervisor Tai Jian to Han Jing factory to express Li Guan's remorse. Please go there to provide security, and everyone should be well informed. Qin is here, so Yu. Twenty-seven years of Ming Wanli, April 24th ". 1 988 February1was rated as a first-class collection by National Cultural Heritage Administration.

Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty wrote imperial books. Regular script, the word "Jiuhua Holy Land". Each character is 58cm long, 40cm wide,192.5cm wide and 95cm wide. In the forty-fourth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1705), Saint Michelle Ye made a southern tour and returned to jiangning house in March. Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics is listed as a third-class collection.

Ghost clock in Huacheng Temple. Height 199 cm, base diameter 14 1 cm, thickness 4. 5 cm, and two dragons and four claws are combined with the back buckle. An example of Zhong Yi has a tablet, which is 60 cm high and 40 cm wide. There are two dragons on it, and a circle above the bell is cast with the words "Imperial map consolidates imperial road, prospers Buddhist road, and Falun always turns", with a diameter of 13 cm, a width of 165438 cm and a width of 65438+ below the bell. The name of the temple and the name of merit are 10, with 1 1 line and * * 183. The other five lines are cast with the words "Prefect Prime Minister Manufacturing Bureau is referred to as Hong for short, Liangjiang Governor Shen Bingcheng advocates the construction, the general manager Chen Wanshun, Kong washes his hands and respects books, and was cast in the summer of the seventeenth year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty". Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics is listed as a third-class collection.

Heart meridian seal. A box with a length of 47 cm and a width of 54 cm has 65,438+02 pages, and each page has 65,438+00 seals and 65,438+020 stamps. Bamboo dusting. Jiuhuashan Historical and Cultural Relics Museum is listed as a third-class collection.

The album "Talking with Pictures". A box, 47 cm long and 54 cm wide. Meizhu bamboo slips 1 1 page. Bamboo Zen. Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics is listed as a third-class product.

Li Chuan sketch album. A box, 47 cm long; It is 54 centimeters wide. Essay on seal script method 13 pages. Bamboo Zen. Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics. As a third-class collection.

Listen carefully. One. It is said that it is the mount of the King Earth Treasure. He crossed the sea from Silla to Jiuhua Mountain in it. It has only one horn on its head, commonly known as "unicorn". It is 73 cm long, 66 cm high and weighs 250 kg. It is made of pure copper. The inscription reads "The beautiful city of Gusu was built for me". During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, all surnames raised funds for smelting and casting, offering sacrifices to Jiuhua. Buddhists regard it as a treasure, and pilgrims regard it as an auspicious thing. When some people worship God, they often rub copper coins and money on the back of "listening attentively" and then bring them back and tie them on their children to "ward off evil spirits" and "bless". It is now in Jiuhuashan Cultural Relics Museum and listed as a second-class collection.

Sakyamuni jade sitting Buddha in Huacheng Temple. It is 74 cm high and 56 cm wide. Made in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, it is listed as a second-class collection.

There are many cultural relics in Jiuhuashan, and the above are just some of the collections in Jiuhuashan Museum of Historical Relics. The rest were given numerous gold, silver, copper and jade seals by the imperial courts in previous dynasties; The bronze, iron, jade Buddha statues and hundreds of alloy clocks and utensils of past dynasties are well-cast, with simple and beautiful shapes; There are also many famous porcelains in the past dynasties, such as tri-colored Tang porcelain, cloisonne porcelain, glaze red porcelain and blue-and-white porcelain. There are more than 400 kinds of celebrity calligraphy and painting in past dynasties; All kinds of monuments, towers, tombs and rocks are carved on the mountain. These precious temple cultural heritages are the result of thousands of years' collection and protection, the witness of the Buddhist history of Jiuhua Mountain and the treasure of Chinese culture for 5,000 years.

Master Chang Min, the current abbot of Huacheng Temple, is 43 years old, a native of Gansu. 1983 became a monk and studied under Master Mingxin.