Huang taiji period in qing dynasty. What are the names of the clothes women wear, the jewelry they use and the things they see in their lives? As long as there are as many names as possible,

There were two kinds of queens in Qing Dynasty. One is after the emperor's wedding. In one case, the emperor was married before he succeeded to the throne, and after he succeeded to the throne, he conferred the title of his predecessor, Di Fujin, as the queen. The emperor's big wedding was very grand. Choose the queen to discuss marriage, ask imperial academy to write a book, do not choose the golden book, prepare gifts, select an auspicious day, and then send envoys to the queen's house to receive the bride price. The wedding described by the Qing Dynasty was Guangxu. In the bride price for the queen, there are many things to wear, such as a hat, a collar, various silks and satins, and various blessings.

The dress the queen wore when she was canonized was a royal dress. There are crowns, gowns, skirts and so on. The crown has three layers, each layer has a big pearl, and there is a golden phoenix with wings spread under the pearl. There are seven golden phoenix around the hat, inlaid with cat stones and pearls. There are more than 300 pearls hanging behind the hat. The golden ring worn in front of the crown is called the golden Covenant. The pearls hanging on the chest are drooping. Every golden dragon has two beads. The queen's beads are three plates. The imperial robe is shaped like a vest with a stone blue bottom, with two dragons embroidered on the front and back. The next picture is embroidered with eight treasures of water, and the word "Shoufu" is embroidered under the fold (clothes). In addition to the two dragons before and after, there are four dragons on it. The other one is embroidered with four dragons on the waist, and the next one is embroidered with eight dragons, with no words and no words. Not a traditional water jacket. The difference between the three robes is mainly whether there are folds or not, and the shapes of dragons are different. The top of the skirt is gold satin, and the bottom is azurite satin, all of which are full-length. The skirt is pleated, and the skirt in summer is made of a yarn. The crown dress of the empress dowager is the same as that of the empress dowager.

The imperial concubine's crown, auspicious service crown, imperial robe, imperial skirt, dragon robe and imperial robe are basically the same as those of the queen, but the difference is that the decorative bead tree of the crown is different. There is no difference between 1 10 beads missing from the tail of the crown (walking) and 100 beads missing from the gold contract. There are second-class princesses and wives under the imperial concubine, and the crown of the princess is the crown. The imperial court has two floors, and there is no golden phoenix. Two pearls are made of gold, and the number of pearls hanging at the end of the court is less than that of the princess 16. The court dress is the same as the princess's. Royal robes and dragon robes are not bright yellow, but fragrant.

Women's General Clothing in Qing Dynasty

⑴ Flag bun: refers to Manchu bun with two big wings. According to the Record of Reading the World, "In the early years of Shunzhi, Manchu women were seen braiding their hair on their foreheads, dividing it backwards, and their heads were wrapped in Chinese-style Baotou, but decorated, which was effective in the capital and not in other provinces." According to "Notes on Old Beijing", "Their women's clothes are all combed into flat buns. The rest of the hair and the headrope are combined into a lock and wrapped around the root of the hair under the square towel to fix it. The top of the head looks like a word, and it is also like a handle inserted horizontally on the top of the head. So there are two heads, a prefix and a wishful head. After Daoguang, the woman put her hair in a double bun, which is called a rack head. After Xianfeng Qing Dynasty, there were more and more banners with two horns.

⑵ Jacket: There are two styles: sleeves (sleeves are longer than arms) and sleeves (sleeves are not as long as arms). The fashion change of length and thinness is similar to that of men's jackets, but women's jackets are painted with patterns and decorated with lace.

⑶ Covering: Also known as tight-fitting, drapery, vest and vest, it is a sleeveless short upper garment with many styles, such as one-piece lapel, pipa lapel, double lapel and herringbone lapel. Wear it over clothes, shirts and cheongsam.

(4) Jacket: a long vest worn by women outside their robes when it is cool in the spring and autumn. This vest is round neck, double-breasted, straight, sleeveless, with left and right openings and underarms on both sides. The front chest and the upper end of the chest are decorated with wishful thinking, and the whole body is decorated with hemming. The two armpits are decorated with two long belts, and the body length is below the knee.

5. Shirts: Women's shirts in Qing Dynasty include round neck, straight collar, twisted collar, straight collar, flat sleeves, flat sleeves and five-button long skirts. There are two types of sleeves: comfortable sleeves and half-width sleeves, and sleeves are decorated inside, which are women's ordinary casual clothes.

[6] clothes: similar to shirts. The difference is that the shirt has no gas, and the clothes are under the armpit from left to right, and the gas must be decorated with clouds; Moreover, the decorative patterns of clothes are more gorgeous and the edges are more exquisite. Laces, flowers and dog teeth with different colors, different crafts and different materials are embedded in the collar, cuffs, the intersection between the collar and the armpit, the side swing and the hem. Especially in Jiangnan, mosaics are common.

(7) Scarf: When wearing shirts and clothes, tie a ribbon about two inches wide and three feet long around your neck. The ribbon wraps around the back of the neck forward, with the right end draped over the chest and the left end hidden in the lapel of the clothes. Scarves are usually embroidered with patterns, which match the patterns on clothes.

(8) Skirts: Mainly worn by Han women, Manchu women generally do not wear skirts except Korean skirts. In the late Qing Dynasty, Han and Manchu costumes blended with each other and were worn by Han and Manchu women. Women in the Qing Dynasty wore pleated skirts, horse-faced skirts, dry dresses, fish-scale skirts, phoenix-tailed skirts, red wedding dresses, jade skirts, moon dresses, ink-flowered skirts and coarse blue plaid skirts.

Cloud shoulder: an ornament worn by women on their shoulders, which was also used in wedding dresses by women in Qing Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, women in the south of the Yangtze River wore clouds on their shoulders, fearing that the shoulders of their clothes would be touched by greasy bun.

⑽ Zhong: Also known as cloak, it is a sleeveless long coat with no slit. Manchu is called "Huhuba", also called coat. There are two styles, including high collar, high collar and low collar. Both men and women wear it. Officials can wear auxiliary clothes, but they are not allowed to wear python clothes. Take off the bell when saluting.

In the Qing Dynasty, women wore hairstyles and headdresses with hair bands. The names of ancient women's headdresses are compared to pearls, and gold and jade are excellent materials. Others are gold-plated, silver or copper, as well as precious stones, jadeite and coral ivory. It is much easier to make all kinds of hairpin jewelry and decorate it on the bun. After entering the customs, Manchu women, especially court women, paid more attention to hairpin ornaments because of the influence of Han women's headdresses. For example, in the 16th year of Qianlong (175 1), when Emperor Qianlong celebrated his mother's 60th birthday, people were tongue-tied just by the titles of various hairpins, such as All the Best, Mei Caiying's Winning Hairpin, Jingfu's Sleeping Hairpin and Riyongqin's Calligraphy Hairpin. These hair clips, whether made of materials or made, are undoubtedly top-grade products that can never be improved.

Judging from the hairpin ornaments left by empresses in Qing Dynasty, there are two kinds of hairpin. One is a practical hair clip, which is mostly used for movable bun and hairstyle. The other is a decorative hairpin, made of precious materials with wonderful patterns, which is specially used to comb the bun and wear it in a conspicuous position. At present, many realistic palace paintings collected in the Forbidden City are painted by queens wearing hairpins. From the picture, some of them put the hairpin in the middle of the bun, and some inserted it obliquely at the root of the bun. Empresses' heads are full of jewels, but their hairpins are the best. Therefore, in the Qing Dynasty, empresses and concubines were all made of jade jewelry, and their production techniques were also very particular. It is often the most precious to make a hairpin with a whole piece of jade, coral crystal or ivory. For example, the white jade in the Forbidden City in Beijing is made of a pure suet white jade, and the hairpin is the last stroke of the birth word. The emerald plate sausage hairpin and coral bat hairpin carved in the same style are both excellent works of hairpin decoration. In addition, there are the golden blessing in front of us, the plum blossom hairpin of magpie and the longevity hairpin of five bats, which have attracted much attention because of their exquisite carving and exquisite production. There is also a kind of head hairpin inlaid with various pearls and gems on a gold base, which is mostly a combination of head and needle, but it still feels gorgeous and luxurious. With the gradual widening and expansion of the queen's hairstyle in Qing Dynasty, the modeling of hairpin ornaments has gradually developed to two extremes. One is that the hairpin head gradually becomes smaller, such as a pimple needle, an ear-digging spoon and an old crow spoon. The other is that the hairpin ornaments are getting bigger and bigger, which are not only suitable for Manchu women to comb two heads and cover a large area, but also gradually evolve into headdresses, flat squares and other big jewelry.

Hairpins are indispensable jewelry for Manchu women to comb all kinds of hair stands. Usually, Manchu women like to insert gold, silver, pearl jade, agate, coral and other valuable materials in their hair seats, such as big earring hairpins, small earring hairpins, beaded hairpins, sideburns hairpins, rockhopper hairpins and faucet hairpins. Although the types of hair clips are single, they should be selected according to the conditions and identity of each individual. For example, before the People's Pass, Fujin in Nurhachi and Fujin and Gege in Baylor used Dongzhu as the best material for making hair accessories. 200 years later, the pendant was replaced by Nanzhu-Hepu Pearl.

The word tassel originally refers to the colorful silk tassels used by modern people to decorate chariots and horses. However, the step and the tassel are exactly the same in shape and function. As for why the title of Buyao was not inherited, it was replaced by the word tassel, which needs further research in the future.

In a catalog, there is a tassel with a similar shape. At the top of the tassel connected with the pin, there is a golden halberd (modern combat weapon) with golden silk thread. There is a gold pendant on the halberd, and a string of beads is hung at each end of the pendant. One string is a pearl lapis lazuli bat with an emerald cover and a ruby pendant. Another string is pearl honey fish, emerald cover and ruby pendant. The whole tassel consists of halberd, stone, bat and fish. , homophonic "Dorje". This tassel symbolizes auspiciousness and has a novel form. It not only plays the role of decorating hair style, but also combines sense of humor, symbolism and homophonic. It's a masterpiece of tassel jewelry.

Manchu women like a variety of tassels. There are rockhopper, rockhopper, flower, butterfly, mandarin duck, bat and so on. There are one layer, two layers and three layers of hanging beads. Among the jewelry of empresses in the Qing Dynasty exhibited in the Treasure Hall of the Forbidden City in Beijing, there is a piece of "Ying Dai' Mi Zhu Shuang Xi', which was worn by the queen when the son of heaven got married. At the top of the tassel is a feathered bat with two small gold rings in its mouth, which are connected with the feather head of a flowing cloud. Ruyi's head is decorated with three strings of long pearls in parallel, each string of pearls is divided into three layers on average, and the word "double happiness" honed by red coral is separated between each layer. The bottom of the bead string is made of ruby. The whole tassel is 28 cm long from the top to the corner, which is the longer one of the tassels. This kind of long tassel is usually inserted obliquely at the top of the bun, and the beads hang down just shoulder-level. In addition, the tassels collected in the Qing Palace are the rarest ones with phoenix-shaped beads at the top. Such as "the dragon and the phoenix are auspicious", "Cai Feng Qi Fei", "Phoenix in the morning" and "Phoenix wearing peony". Phoenix is the king of birds. I heard that it can bring happiness, beauty and light to people. The image of a phoenix holding a pearl means that the phoenix is nesting and preparing to brood. Emperors in feudal times wanted to have many children and grandchildren, so many queens' headdresses were crowned with the title of Phoenix.