Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Lucky day inquiry - What are the customs of Shiyan New Year?
What are the customs of Shiyan New Year?
Killing pigs is one of the most important contents of Shiyan people's New Year, starting from "entering the ninth festival". Shiyan folk song "December" sings: "The twelfth lunar month is twenty waxes, and every family kills pigs. Cut the meat, hang it up and take it to my sister's house. " On the day of killing the pig, the owner of the pig got up early, set up a firewood stove on the ground in front of the house, and put a big iron pot on it to chop wood and boil water. First feed the pigs to be slaughtered with delicious food, and then invite the butcher who killed the pigs to help and drink pig-killing wine (pig blood soup) with relatives and neighbors. After killing pigs and curing meat, butchers, helpers, relatives and neighbors all sat around the spacious table in the yard, drinking and eating meat, and never returning until they were drunk.
The off-year in Shiyan area is the 24th and 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, commonly known as "twenty-five armies, three people and four tyrants". On this day, every household should clean the walls in front of and behind the stove, then put on a new statue of the kitchen god, burn the kitchen god horse map, let Siming ride the flower horse, eat the kitchen god candy and the kitchen god cake. Couplets are posted on both sides of the new Kitchen God statue, with the upper part saying "God speaks well" and the lower part saying "The lower bound is safe". After dinner, put incense burners, candles, yellow paper, eight cooktop cakes, a plate of cooktop candy and other offerings on the cooktop, burn incense and light candles for the whole family to worship. After the sacrifice, the whole family ate biscuits and candy.
After the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, Siming Ye went to heaven and there was no god on earth. They are all "auspicious days". Marrying a daughter-in-law and a girl naturally doesn't depend on the date. Folk custom calls it "rushing out of chaos". Therefore, from childhood to the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, no matter in urban and rural areas, no matter in Jiangnan or Jiangbei, many people marry and have children. In the streets, you can hear the sound of gongs, drums, horns and firecrackers everywhere.
As the saying goes, "On the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, dust the house." In the early morning of the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family got up early and started working together. Male laborers put on old clothes and straw hats, tie brushes or feather dusters on the top of long bamboo poles, dust off floating dust and cobwebs on roofs, roofs and walls in turn, and then clean the corners. After dust removal, the whole family took a bath and put on clean clothes. The hostess and eldest daughter began to clean the bedding and clothes. Wait until the thirtieth night of the twelfth lunar month, put the family's new clothes on their beds and keep watch at the same time.
The New Year's Eve celebration means to pay homage to one's ancestors before New Year's Eve every year, which means to celebrate the New Year with one's ancestors. The Customs in Volume 11 of Fangqing County Records records: "After the 26th of the twelfth lunar month, people will have wine and milk to recommend their ancestors and eat together, which is called' noisy year'." That is to say, after the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month, every household should bring food and wine to the ancestral graves to worship their ancestors. When offering sacrifices to ancestors, choose a place under the big tree in front of the grave, spread a straw mat, and put tables, fruits and buns on it. Grave-sweepers, on behalf of the whole family, pay New Year greetings and toast to their ancestors to show the reunion of Yin and Yang and nostalgia.
Write couplets and door paintings for Shiyan people to celebrate the New Year. Spring Festival couplets, also called "couplets", originated in Fu Tao. The door gods are "brothers", and Shiyan has the custom of posting by officials and people in urban and rural areas. Spring Festival couplets and door gods are two pairs of "spring trees" planted on various doors, which are written with auspicious and festive words, setting off a school of spring scenery and the flavor of the year.
Shiyan folk proverb says, "On the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month, steamed meat cooks bones." There was no supermarket before, and there was no finished steamed vegetables in the market, so every household prepared a steamer. Large steamer is used for large households and small steamer is used for small households. Steaming steamed bread, rice and rice wine at ordinary times, and steaming vegetables during the New Year are called "eating meat in a cage". Steamed vegetables are divided into meat dishes and vegetarian dishes. Steamed pork dishes include pork belly, steamed pork powder, steamed ribs and so on. Chicken, duck, cow, sheep and fish can all be steamed vegetables. Steamed vegetables in a medium-sized pottery bowl, because it tastes good.
In ancient times, the reunion dinner was very particular, and it was more abundant than the wedding banquet. There are cold salad, fried cooked vegetables, steamed vegetables, stews, peanuts, melon seeds and so on. Cold dishes include bean sprouts, pork liver, beef, sausage, preserved fish, chicken feet (also called "money snatcher"), salted chicken and duck eggs, and small vegetables. Fried vegetables include chicken and duck meat, pork, pork tenderloin, sweet and sour fish and so on. , with vegetarian dishes. Steamed vegetables are all kinds of steamed meat, eight-treasure rice, sweet potato balls, steamed crisp rolls and so on. The soup dishes are mainly boiled trotters with lotus root, beef, mutton and radish soup, as well as steamed fish, fish soup with warped mouth and fish soup with Huang Sang in Hanjiang River. Zhuxi county has a "Zhuxi steaming basin", where bacon and fresh meat are mixed together. When all the dishes were served, a large set of firecrackers was lit, causing sparks in front of the door. After worshipping God, the whole family had a reunion dinner for a year with the sound and laughter of blessing.
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