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Eunuch institutions in Ming Dynasty were divided into twelve prisons, four divisions and eight bureaus.

Composition of twelve prisons

First, Li Jian.

After Yongle established the East Factory, the influence of eunuchs gradually increased. After Yingzong, Si began to judge imperial edicts on behalf of the emperor, spread government decrees, and gradually became the representative of the emperor, manipulating state power.

Li Si prison is the most powerful of the 24 eunuch yamen.

There are prefect eunuchs, handprint eunuchs, pen eunuchs and regular eunuchs. In addition, books and famous paintings are in charge of libraries, inner bookstores, six families and classic books.

Prefect eunuchs manage the etiquette, punishment name and eunuchs of the imperial city;

Handprinted the eunuch's internal and external seals, combined with the imperial decree, and was responsible for completing the final review and seal of the "red batch" part of the national decision-making in the Ming Dynasty.

The eunuchs wrote and played documents, and approved Zhu according to the cabinet votes; The East Factory is often served by two or three directors of the Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission.

Although the eunuch in class is not as good as the eunuch in palmprint and pen writing, he also participated in the criticism of red.

Among them, the office of Inner Book Hall is responsible for teaching eunuchs to read and write (founded in Xuande four years (1429)).

In addition, there are eunuchs stationed in Nanjing, Tianshou Mountain and Huguangcheng Tianfu.

Nanjing garrison eunuchs have jurisdiction over the twenty-four yamen in Nanjing's inner government, guarding the capital and supervising the Xiaoling Temple.

The eunuchs stationed in Tianshou Mountain have jurisdiction over the officials of the Twelve Mausoleums, such as handprints, books and the Ministry of Industry. Every year, pines, coptis, tea, walnuts, hazelnuts, millet and other fruits are planted. Every mausoleum in Beijing has a fruit drying factory.

Huguang assumed the jurisdiction of eunuchs guarding Tianfu (now Zhongxiang, Hubei Province), De 'an House (now Anlu, Hubei Province) and Jingxiang area, guarding immortals. Collect land rent and bring tea, fans, kudzu towels, fragrant tea and towels every year.

Second, supervision by internal officials?

There are: a eunuch, a prime minister in charge of books and books, and a supervisor in charge of words.

Ten works of palm wood, stone, tile, earth, tower material, eastbound and westbound, painting, wedding, gunpowder, rice salt warehouse, building warehouse and imperial altar warehouse, where the state builds palaces, tombs, bronze and tin ornaments, utensils and ice cups.

Third, the Royal Prison.

There are eunuchs with handprints, prison inside and prison outside.

Screen, bed, rosewood, ivory, ebony, Luodian and other wooden products used by the imperial court are all made.

Appoint a director of Renzhitang to be responsible for the books and picture books written by the undertaker of Wuyingtang, and broadcast them in the headquarters.

Subordinate units? All kinds of pocket velvet and tapestries are made of strips and palms.

Fourth, does the company have a supervisor?

One of the eunuchs, the prime minister, is in charge of books, books and cultural supervision.

Palm halogen books, rituals, curtains, mattresses, curtains of various palaces in winter and summer, summer mats, curtains, rain covers, ponchos, umbrellas and the like.

5. Royal Horse Supervisor?

? Handprint eunuch, a eunuch, a prefect eunuch.

The prefect eunuch guarded the 4th Battalion, namely, the left guarding item, the right guarding item, the left guarding item and the right guarding item.

(In Yongle, he fled to the north to support horse affairs and was called a warrior. Lin Wei, a famous minister, was actually transferred by the Imperial Horse Supervisor. In the sixth year of Xuande (143 1), there were 3,000 households with more than 3,100 people in Yulin. Wu Zongshi went to Xiguan Hall to practice. Jiajing started as the commander of the Ministry of War. Chongzhen changed to Wei Yong camp)

There are twenty-four stables, eagle houses, leopard houses, bird houses, Shi Tian temples, the old capital and other grasslands.

In charge of the royal stables and military symbols.

6. Director Jin Gu?

One of the handprint eunuchs, in charge of the palm of the book. Every mausoleum has a shrine to supervise eunuchs and guard the mausoleum.

Palm ancestral temple sweeping the floor, incense lamps and so on.

Seven, Shangshan bamboo slips

One eunuch in charge of seal, one eunuch in charge of prefect Guanglu, one eunuch in charge of prime minister and one eunuch in charge of books.

Eunuch Guanglu, the prefect, is responsible for supervising the supply of Guanglu Temple.

Under the jurisdiction of cattle and sheep and other housing factories.

Take charge of royal meals, eat in the palace and hold banquets.

Eight, Shang Baojian

Zhangbao seal, stamp, ordinary seal.

When the precious seal is used, the foreign company will go to the prison to apply for a notice, and then go to the female officer to get it, supervise the use of the foreign company, keep the register and hand it in.

Nine. Seal administrator

Responsible for the collection of ancient and modern collections, making all kinds of things, iron coupons, letters, yellow stickers, seals, surveys, symbols, symbols.

Ten, straight temple supervisor

Responsible for cleaning the halls and corridors.

XI。 Shang Jianyi

There is a dressing room. Choose crowns, robes, shoes, boots and socks.

Twelve, everyone knows the prison.

At the beginning, I was in charge of changing prison lines, clearing the scene and investigating. After that, he only followed the emperor to lead the police.

Composition of the fourth division

I. Salary Saving Division

Responsible for firewood fire prevention in the palace, eunuch yamen, mountain mausoleum and other places.

Under its jurisdiction: Waichang North Factory South Factory New South Factory New West Factory, collecting and storing firewood.

Second, the bell and drum department

In charge of bells and drums, as well as miscellaneous dramas such as inner music, legend, Jindu and rice beating.

It belongs to the learning department, art department and other institutions.

Third, the banknote department.

Thick toilet paper for imperial secretary.

Fourthly, the division of the mixing hall.

Manage the bathroom

Composition of eight innings

The first is the War Bureau.

Palm makes all kinds of military weapons and royal hammers, pliers, needles, scissors, etc., so it is also called royal small supervisor.

Manage the gunpowder department

Second, the silver bureau

Specially made gold and silver, gold and silver money, gold and silver bean leaves and other things for reward. Gold and silver vary from one ingot 12 ounce, and the purity is 80%. There is also ticket silver, which weighs from one yuan to twelve Liang, and the color is only 60% to 70%. )

Third, Huan Yi Bureau.

Crime woman service laundry

Every retired imperial secretary will be sent to live in this bureau, and the official will supply rice and salt to wait for him to hang himself in case the palace leaks. There are also eight official bureaus that send their families to this bureau to commit crimes, but this bureau is not in the imperial city)

Fourth, the towel hat bureau

Palm is made into the hat boots of court envoys, the crown boots of Xu, and the hat boots needed by the vassal kingdom.

Five, needle bureau

Handmade flags, umbrellas, banners, fans, stilts and clothes, etc.

Six, weaving and dyeing bureau internal

Satin, silk, etc. dyed in brown and used in court.

Outside the department, there are Huanzhuo Robe Service Office and Chengxi Indigo Factory.

(Weaver, choosing young and proficient artists in Suzhou and Hangzhou, bringing his wife into the game)

Seven, wine vinegar noodle bureau

Eat wine vinegar, sugar sauce, flour beans, etc. In the palm palace

(Not under the jurisdiction of Royal Brewery)

Eight, Siyuan Bureau

Edible vegetables, fruits and vegetables in Palm Palace

(The melon and vegetable tea material used by the headquarters shall be prepared by the bureau in conjunction with Lin Heng and other departments, Shanglinyuan and Nanhaizi. )

In addition, there are government internal supply warehouses, key warehouses and internal transportation warehouses.

Government internal supply warehouses: official rice in Zhanggong Palace and Shanling, as well as royal yellow wax, white wax, agarwood and other things. Every night, the supervisor is responsible for oiling the street lamps in the palace so as to patrol the customs.

Belonging to an oil depot and a wax depot.

Keyvault: Collect and store money to get paid.

There is a supervisor in the key vault, who is responsible for the keys to the Gan Qing Palace and other doors, as well as the Wumen Gate and Donghuamen Gate. The key will be released from the palace at three o'clock every night and returned after use.

Internal warehouse: All gold and silver, tulle, silk, glittering brocade, sheep sandals, jade belts, jade articles, ivory, agate, precious stones, pearls and corals are kept in this warehouse.

Otherwise, there will be ten warehouses in the inner government.

A word library: storing cotton cloth, cinnabar and various medicinal materials and dyes. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

B font: cotton-padded jacket, combat shoes, sergeant leather hat, notebook paper. It belongs to the Ministry of War, the Ministry of Housing and the internal library.

C-library: cotton silk is stored in it, which is used for winter clothes of various officials and the cloth flower of non-commissioned officers. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

T bank: copper, iron, raw lacquer, tung oil, leather, ox horn and other materials, and invited the Ministry of Industry to buy sappan and other materials. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

E font: armor, bows and arrows, scrap iron, pepper and other things. It belongs to the Ministry of Housing, the Ministry of Industry and the internal library.

External carrier: store silk, fur and other things. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

Guangyingku: Palm stores silk, yarn, yarn, silk, brocade, silk, silk and silk. , silk, etc. Collecting contraband, does the Ministry send foreign countries in? The Ministry of Industry returned the satin. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

Guanghui Library: Brown woven handkerchiefs, combs and brushes, gold ingots with money, etc. for reference. (Daming Tong Tong Bao Chao was released in the early stage. ) belongs to the Ministry and the internal library.

Guangji Warehouse: The storage of sulfur and saltpeter belongs to the household department and internal warehouse.

Stolen goods: Store stolen goods. Belongs to the household department and the internal library.

In addition:

Imperial wine room? Palm brewing and distiller's grains products

Royal pharmacy? Take medicine for the emperor (whenever the emperor has a disease, the physician will send the prescription after diagnosis, and the royal medicine bureau will fry it with Jintan seeds and put it on the table. The mouth of the jar was sealed with "Imperial Medicine Seal". The prefect eunuch is the deputy (two shifts rotate)

The Royal Tea Room? Offering tea, wine and fruit to the emperor and his palace (prefect eunuchs and envoys (two shifts)

Barn? Places for the adoption of rare birds and animals (such as Tiger Town and Sheep House, managed by Shu Shu)

Carve a leaky room? The place where you are always in charge (arrive at one o'clock every day, that is, let the straight code supervisor enter the palace to change cards. Every night, newspapers carve water. )

More drums? For the inner government, five people take turns to play in the Xuanwu Gate building every night. Only one night watchman went upstairs, no lights, rain or shine. )

Sweet room? Make candy in the palace for the emperor to use and reward officials. (The production method is confidential, and the instruments used are also made by eunuchs. The products made are particularly delicious, such as four-wohu eye candy and paramita. )

Be subordinate to an imperial envoy

Billiards room? A place to prepare slingshots and mud bombs for the palace (the mud bombs made are light and heavy, and each one is put in a yellow cloth bag for the emperor to use. )

also

Lingtai: Watch the weather and predict the disaster. Manage the almanac with Qin.

Armor Factory (Old Saddle Bureau): A place where weapons are made. In September of the thirty-third year of Wanli (1605), gunpowder exploded, killing and injuring hundreds of people. Since then, it has been manufactured by ordnance, gunpowder and gun factories. Gunpowder and spears are from the maharaja factory.

Anmin Factory (formerly known as Wanggong Factory): makes fishing guns, gunpowder, etc. In May of the 6th year of the Apocalypse (1626), an explosion occurred in Wang Gong factory, which caused heavy losses. In the autumn of the same year, a new factory was rebuilt, and Xizong named it "An Min".

also

Wumen Gate, Donghuamen Gate, Xihuamen Gate, Fengtianmen Gate, Xuanwu Gate, Zuoyoushun Gate, Zuoyoushongmen Gate, Gongmen Gate, Kunning Gate and Gongmen Gate. The East Palace has the Spring Gate, the Back Gate, the Left and Right Gates, the Imperial City and the Inner and Outer Gates of the Capital.

Each door has a member who is in charge of a number of things and is responsible for opening and closing in the morning and evening.

Prefect East Factory: In the old days, one of the governors was chosen as the prefect, and the second or third one was appointed as the special ceremony governor.

Western Factory: (Not permanent, but Wang Zhi and Guda use it. Liu Jin also set up a factory in the west. Find everything and attack. )

Beijing camp prefect: in charge of Beijing camp military affairs.

In the 22nd year of Yongle (1424), it was set up when there were three elite battalions, each with two people appointed by the minister. In the first year of Jingtai, three elite battalions were selected and a group battalion was set up. The original prefect of 3rd Battalion and 6th Battalion chose two people to lead the regiment battalion, which is called the prefect regiment battalion. In the 29th year of Jiajing (1550), the 3rd battalion system was implemented, and one prefect was in charge of the 3rd battalion. Later, the prefect was changed to the governor, who was called "the governor of Beijing camp". At the beginning of Qin Long (1567- 1572), the governor was still the prefect and changed to the original reading. In four years, the Beijing battalion system was reformed, and the 3rd battalion was set up with a prefect, with Shi Yu as the prefect. In September of the same year, the prefect of 3rd Battalion was stopped, and the governor of Beijing Battalion was unified by one person.

Secretarial Office: The General Political Department will stamp this chapter every day, which will be stamped by officials and governors in Beijing. Tickets for the pavilion outside and the tickets inside must be approved by the imperial edict and issued by the secretarial office below.

(Anyone who goes to the promotion ceremony should go out of the document room. )

Etiquette room: take care of the marriage, husband and nanny selection after the birth of the Crown Prince.

Handprinted or written by the ceremony supervisor.

Nanjing Weaving Suzhou Weaving Hangzhou Weaving: Palm Weaving Yulong Clothing

Escort eunuch: In the first year of Hongxi (1425), the eunuch Wang An left Ganzhen and was made an eunuch. After that, eunuchs were set up around the provinces to supervise military attache and control military power. Jiajing and Chongzhen were cut twice and recovered immediately.

Guangdong Shipping Department, Fujian Shipping Department and Zhejiang Shipping Department: the official government established in various seaports to manage foreign trade at sea.

In the early Ming Dynasty, we set up companies in Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Ningbo. After Jiajing, Fujian and Zhejiang divisions were dissolved due to the harassment of the enemy, leaving only the first division in Guangzhou .. At the end of Jiajing, Fujian and Zhejiang split and resumed. Since Wanli, it has been the second division between Guangquan and Quan Quan.