What is the sacrifice of Tang Zi?

In all kinds of sacrificial activities in the Qing Dynasty, offering sacrifices to Tangzi is a pure Manchu custom, a polytheistic worship and a legacy of Manchu ancestors. According to legend, "Tangzi" means that ancient Tang Ming would worship gods. "Xiao Ting Miscellaneous Notes" said: "The country is from Liaoshen, and there is a ceremony to erect a pole to worship heaven. He always worships the gods of the country in a quiet room called Tangzi, which conforms to the system of worshipping gods in ancient Tang Ming and still follows ancient rituals. " Tangzi sacrifice is Manchu's own sacrifice, and Han people are not allowed to participate. After the Qing regime entered the customs, in September of the first year of Shunzhi (1644), a tangzi was established outside the left gate of Chang 'an, the capital of Beijing, and east of Yu He Bridge. Eight-Nation Alliance 1900 invaded Peking, and Tangzi was put out by fire. The following year, the VIP building on the west side of Beijing Hotel was rebuilt and demolished during the Cultural Revolution.

The hall is built in the middle of the hall, facing south, and worships all kinds of gods. In front of the pleasure hall is a north-facing temple dedicated to heaven. In the middle of the south of the temple, there is a stone platform for the vertical columns in the inner building. On both sides of the upright stone, there are six rows of stone seats, each with six weights. The first place is a vertical stone platform dedicated to the prince, followed by the prince, the county king, Baylor, Beizi, Gong and so on. , all facing north. In the southeast, there is a temple dedicated to the memorial tablet of Deng Zilong, a famous soldier who has an ancient friendship with Nurhachi. Tang Zi's sacrifice is very complicated. Among them, on the first day of New Year's Day, when Tang Zi offered sacrifices to the gods and went out to celebrate the flag, the emperor would personally offer sacrifices, and the rest of the moon sacrifices, pole sacrifices, bathing Buddha sacrifices and horse sacrifices were sent by officials. The related sacrificial activities are briefly described as follows.

On the first day of New Year's Day, the gods who worship heaven on the first day of New Year's Day are usually provided in Kunning Palace. On the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month, the Ministry of Internal Affairs invited the gods to be placed in the sacred land and escorted to Tangzi Temple to enjoy the worship. On the first day of New Year's Day, the emperor rode out of the palace to the inner gate of the main hall, entered the middle gate to worship the hall, faced south, led the minister to kneel for nine times, and then returned to the funeral. Please return to Kunning Palace within the next day.

In the Qing Dynasty, whenever there was a great conquest, the emperor personally recruited or sent a general, and a memorial ceremony presided over by the emperor himself was held in the hall. "Being a soldier for our country is a great event, so it has something to do with the generals", and this ceremony was written into the Qing Code.

The emperor personally chose an auspicious day, and the Ministry of Internal Affairs preset the worship of the mattress, the royal camp of the Huanglong flag, the Chen Jiao, and the snails inside and outside the temple. Yiwei furniture halogen book At that time, the emperor, under the guidance of the French driver's halogen book, rode out of the palace in military uniform and rang the bell and drum at noon. When the emperor walked to Yu He Bridge, the sergeant blew the trumpet and the snail. Go to the door of Tangzi Street and stop at the corner to twist. The emperor entered the gate of nave, bowed in class and walked towards the south. With the sound of horns and snails, he led the ministers to kneel and knock. After the ceremony, the band played music, the pro-army held high the banner, and the emperor set off by car and embarked on a journey. The army triumphed, the emperor went to the hall to salute, and then returned to the palace. If the emperor is destined to go out to war, he will personally lead the generals and soldiers with the army to salute in the hall. The ceremony is the same as personal expedition.

The monthly sacrifice ceremony is held on the tenth day of the first month of each year, and the rest months are held on the first day of the first month. Priests, Si Xiang, Si Zhu and other priests and prison officials presided over the ceremony. There are six activities such as toasting, singing clappers and singing divine songs during the worship.

Every year, the ceremony of erecting poles is held in the first, second, fourth, eighth and early October of the Spring and Autumn Period. This pole is made of pine, 3 feet long and 5 inches in diameter. One month before the festival, I went to Yanqing to collect firewood, cut it into poles and transported it to the guild hall. The day before the sacrifice, a stone pedestal was erected. According to the vertical pole ceremony, the prince, the county king and Baylor offered three sacrifices, Beizi, Zhen Guogong and Fu Guogong offered two sacrifices, and Zhen Guogong and Fu Guogong offered one sacrifice. Those who break the law and sacrifice more than once will be punished. At that time, Mr. and Mrs. Yi Gi will go to Kunning Palace to pay tribute to the Buddha Pavilion, Bodhisattva and Guandi, and carry them to the main hall. The Buddha statue was placed on the stone platform, and the Bodhisattva and Guandi hung on the curtain with three ropes, tied between the poles of the two temples, and hung with yellow banners, papers, silks and so on. Offering cakes, rubbing strips, cakes, wine bowls, singing greetings, after the ceremony, rolling the curtain, removing the statue and sending it back to Kunning Palace.

On the eighth day of April every year, on the birthday of Sakyamuni Buddha, the Qing court sent princes and kings to hold a Buddha washing ceremony. No prayer, no sacrifice, no name for punishment. At that time, Buddhist temples, bodhisattvas and statues of Guan Sheng will be invited from Kunning Palace and sent to the main hall, where incense will be burned and cakes and wine will be presented. A little red honey is injected into the yellow magnetic bath. Four pillars bathing Buddha. After bathing, the Chen Fang Buddhist Museum was placed on a seat wrapped in new cotton, and the offerings were displayed in front of the seat. The incense smoked people, and the minister raised his glass for nine rounds. Bathing Buddha is a ritual.

In the hall, the circular hall is used for riding horses during the horse festival in spring and autumn every year. The housekeeper prepared sacrifices and twenty pairs of horse hair and ponytail green silk as usual. Sixiang, the shepherd is holding ten white horses and standing under the aisle. Liu Zhu made a toast and sang a toast (omitted). After singing, the minister drew the green silk strips on the incense burner, prayed for blessings, awarded them to shepherds, and tied them into ponytails. Ma Shenshi also offered sacrifices to the gods in the morning and evening, holding morning sacrifices, evening sacrifices, back stirrup sacrifices and other sacrificial activities.