Hani traditional festivals

There are many traditional festivals of the Hani nationality, among which "October", "Omatu" and "Erza" are popular, commonly known as the three major festivals of the Hani nationality.

1. "October": It is the biggest festival of Hani people, which generally lasts for three days, and the first day of October in the summer calendar is from Dragon Day to Horse Day. During the festival, it is not allowed to grind, grind or produce, and it is not allowed to take the green branches and leaves on the mountain home. Every household should kill pigs and chickens, make dumplings, Baba, respect heaven and earth and worship ancestors. Married girls should bring rice wine, Baba, pork, eggs and so on. Go back to my parents' home for the New Year. After the festival, when I go back to my in-laws' house, my mother's family will send me a pig leg to show my gratitude to my in-laws. Relatives and friends treat each other to dinner and congratulate each other on holidays. Young men and women were invited to go up the mountain, play sanxian, play bawu, talk about folk songs and find bosom friends.

After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), many Hani people who live together with the Han nationality, such as the eastern and western regions of the country, no longer celebrate October, but celebrate the Spring Festival. However, in remote areas, the custom of celebrating October is still very popular in Huangcaoling Township, Oza Township and Shalato Township, where Hani people are concentrated.

2. "Omatu": commonly known as "Long Street Banquet", which means offering sacrifices to village gods. Hani people who call themselves Hani, such as Bai Hong, Luo Mian, Awu, Robbie, etc. In China, people celebrate "Ematu" around the Spring Festival. "Ematu" is generally above the village, and a tall and straight tree is chosen for sacrifice. The whole sacrificial ceremony was presided over by Mi Gu. "Migu" needs to be elected by villagers, and it must be an old man with both husband and wife, good facial features, good health and good moral character. During the sacrifice, a fat pig and a rooster were killed, and a basket of yellow glutinous rice was enshrined under the tree. Everyone kowtowed, and the "Migu" read: "Sacrifice to the gods, keep peace, turn disasters into blessings and avoid disasters." The children drummed cowhide drums and wished the village good luck and happiness. After the sacrifice, we will have dinner together, and then each family will bring a little pork home for the sacrifice. Emma Tu usually has three days off, and it's not about production. Young men and women invite people to visit the mountains to find someone. Children in the village are carrying small egg cages with colorful eggs and playing around. On the last night of the festival, all the men in the village will set a long table on the field in front of Mi Gu's house, eating and singing, and send blessings to the festival. Hani people call this festival night "Aimazibado". During the dinner, "Migu" led them to sing the old Hani wine song. The family of the newborn boy in the village should specially offer a pot of rice wine to announce the good news to the elders and wish the whole village happiness.

3. "provoke l Zha" (also called "l Zha"), the first day of June in the summer calendar is dog days to rat day. During the festival, every village will set up a mill in autumn and kill cattle for sacrifice. Before the festival, a person named "Lotu" should be chosen in the village to preside over the sacrifice. In the autumn mill near the village, "Luotu people" cut cattle. Niu Jiao, a cow's head, belongs to "Luotu", and the beef is divided equally among families. During the festival, every household has to cook glutinous rice in a stuffy pot and drink wine for three days. Young men and women go up the mountain to sing folk songs to find someone, and the village is full of joy. Hani people in Xinjie Town, Niujiaozhai Township, Shengcun Township, Panzhihua Township and Huangmaoling Township have the custom of festival wrestling.

In addition, the Hani people have festivals such as "Mona", "Hersheza" and "Zale". In hani language, "Mona" means rest and vacation. Every year on the fifth day of May in the summer calendar, every household will kill chickens, dye purple and yellow glutinous rice to offer plows and hoes, and feed cows with a bag of glutinous rice in straw bags. "Harmony with food" is the "New Rice Festival". Festivals vary from place to place. Generally, after the new valley is hit in August in the summer calendar every year, "Harmony" is celebrated. On holidays, every household should make new rice, kill chickens and treat guests, and celebrate the harvest with each other. "Zhale" is similar to the winter of Han nationality. During the festival, every household will grind rice and wrap jiaozi as a sacrifice, and stick a bunch of horse cherry blossoms on the door to express their yearning for a better life.

What festivals and customs do Yi and Hani have? The grand traditional festivals of the Hani nationality include Bitter Zazha Festival (the Torch Festival on June 24th of the lunar calendar), October and the custom of drinking new valley wine. At that time, singing and dancing, wrestling, autumn grinding and crossbow shooting will be very lively. During the Spring Festival, every household held a banquet in the street, and the dining table became a long queue, and the long street banquet, drinking street wine and celebrating the Spring Festival together showed the Hani people's spirit of friendship, unity and mutual assistance.

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What are the new rice festivals in Hani festivals?

June 24th of the lunar calendar is the "New Rice Festival" for Kaduo people in mojiang hani autonomous county. On this day, Kaduo people want to "taste new" rice from the harvested new grain, which is considered to enhance their physical fitness. At the same time, it also means to celebrate the harvest of "five grains" and "six beans".

Mother's Day

The first ox day in February of the lunar calendar is the "Mother's Day" of Kaduo people, a branch of Hani nationality in Yunnan. Legend has it that a long time ago, there was a Kaduo mother who endured humiliation and raised her son. When the son grew up, he beat and scolded his mother, causing her to throw herself into the river in shame. Later, in order to express their regret, young people designated the day of their mother's death as "Mother's Day" to commemorate their mother, and it has been a traditional festival ever since.

Old people's day

Hani people have a tradition of respecting and loving the elderly. On the festival for the elderly, young Hani men and women wear traditional costumes and celebrate the festival for the elderly in the village with unique dances and rich feasts.

On August 2, 2009, a Hani girl was working for the elderly in Manyao New Village, Han Meng Town, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province. On that day, it was the annual festival for the elderly in Hani villages.

On August 2, 2009, Hani boys in Manmuxin Village, Han Meng Town, Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, carried the old people in the village to drink. On that day, it was the annual festival for the elderly in Hani villages.

Ethnic festivals and customs of Hani nationality are mostly concentrated in China, southwestern Yunnan and other places. Hani nationality is a mountainous nationality living in Honghe area of Yunnan Province. They are mainly engaged in agriculture, and are good at planting rice on terraces, digging slopes and planting tea forests. They planted the famous purple rice and Pu 'er tea, and created the terrace culture, one of the seven major farmland systems in China history. There are folk festivals such as October Festival (New Year's Day), June Festival (Eating New), Potomac Festival (Mountain Sacrifice), Mother's Day, Uncle's Recognition and abbado (Love Song Banquet). Its rich food culture and festival culture set each other off, forming a unique Hani style. The Hani people have two solar eclipses, mainly rice, supplemented by corn. They like to eat dried rice, Baba, rice flour, rice rolls and bean jelly. They also chopped lean meat and cooked porridge with rice, Jiang Mo, star anise and tsaoko. They like to eat glutinous rice Baba, wrapped in banana leaves and eaten with bacon. They also use purple rice to make purple rice, purple rice cake, purple rice porridge, purple rice noodles, purple rice as precious rice, steamed chicken with purple rice, boiled eggs with purple rice wine, purple rice porridge with medicine and sugar, etc. , constitute a complete medicinal diet series. These medicated diets have the effects of tonifying blood and qi, warming spleen and tonifying deficiency, strengthening brain and kidney, shrinking uterus and strengthening body. Hani people also love to eat meat. Pigs, cows, sheep, chickens and ducks are eaten in chunks. Drinking in a big bowl is the host's hospitality. Guests follow their ideas, so let's get together and have a rest. In the village, some people killed pigs and chickens or cooked delicious food. All the elderly men and women were invited to dinner, and the most tender and delicious parts such as liver were presented to the elderly. Hani people are also good at careful calculation, and often make leftover pork and beef into unique bacon and dry bar, which are reserved for hospitality all the year round. When making, cut the meat into strips and sprinkle with spices such as pepper noodles, salt and star anise powder. Cover it for a day and a night, and then hang it on the fireplace, where it will be smoked by fireworks. After half a month or a month, the bacon and dried sticks are purple, with abnormal fragrance and slight fragrance. Take them down and put them in a special big cage and hang them on the roof beam. They can be eaten all year round. Bacon and ganba are precious delicacies of Hani people! There is also a strange dish of the Hani nationality called Baiwang, which is raw and chopped with pig blood, sheep blood and dog blood. Aini of Hani branch called it Ayama Pinch. Take the blood of freshly slaughtered pigs, sheep and dogs as the main raw material, or chop and fry lean meat, liver and waist, sprinkle with spices such as Chili powder, octagonal noodles and pepper noodles, and stir quickly, without losing the opportunity. This dish looks scary, tastes fragrant, tastes mellow, spicy and delicious. It is listed as an indispensable famous dish when slaughtering pigs and sheep, and it is also a dish that Hani people warmly entertain guests. The Hani people on the south bank of the Red River are good at mixing fermented beans with bean straw ash to make fermented beans with unique flavor. Almost every meal uses it as a side dish, and there are many ways to eat it, called Hani monosodium glutamate. The sparrow meat floss sauce made from it is very delicious. The traditional calendar of Hani nationality divides a year into four months: cold season, warm season and rainy season. There are two festivals in a year, one in October and the other in June. October is the first dragon day in October of the lunar calendar, which lasts for five or six days, offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors. At that time, every family will kill a red rooster, cook food on the spot, and are not allowed to bring it indoors. Every member of the family eats a piece, and the married girl is not allowed to eat it. On the third day, a grand meridian activity will be held every afternoon, that is, the whole village will drink the wine of unity and joy together. The whole village is divided into three groups, and each group takes turns to be the host for one day, and it will leave for the west that day. In the sound of gongs and drums, the person in charge will bring delicious and sorghum stew to the center of the street, and the order will be placed on the long banyan tree that has already been laid. In some big villages, the banquet is 100 meters long, and the men in charge of every household feast around the table. Families compete to produce their own specialties and dance while drinking according to the rules. Hani people like to drink, and there are many wine festivals. Such as Mother's Day, Old People's Day, Yellow Rice Festival, Naming Day, Dragon Boat Festival, Uncle's Commendation Day and so on. There is wine in every festival. The most interesting thing is abbado's wine and song love banquet. Abbado is a wine festival where Hani youths show their love, wisdom and cooking skills. Most of them are held in the off-season. Girls from neighboring villages are invited by boys from one village, and the number is equal, generally around 20. A dinner was held in a big house, and men and women were seated in pairs. There must be a boiled cock (with two chicken testicles and a live crab on it) with rich dishes. Toast and sing to each other until dawn. In favor of ... >>

What festival does the Hani people celebrate? Hani nationality: "Zalai" is the biggest festival of Hani nationality. Because it is held in October of the lunar calendar, it is also called "translating wax into real people", which is October. "Harvest of Five Grains" is one of the three major festivals of Hani people in S area of Yuanjiang County. Although it is not as grand as Zallet and bad karma Zaza, it is particularly important. The local Hani people think this festival, however, the New Year has not really come, and the beginning of October is just a prelude. "Lustful collection" means "dyed yellow rice", which is called "Yellow Rice Festival" or "February Year" by the local Han people. The local Hani people sacrificed this festival to the messenger cuckoo and the "pen bitter" bird of the god Cang Mo Mi, so they held a festival after hearing the first crow of cuckoo and "pen bitter" bird, and the festival ended in one day. The "La Zaza" Festival, that is, "La Zaza" in May of each summer calendar, is one of the important traditional festivals of the Hani people in Ailao Mountain in southern Yunnan, lasting for 3-5 days, and the celebration is extremely grand. Yekuza is a traditional festival of Hani nationality in Xishuangbanna. It starts from the first ox day (the auspicious day of Hani nationality) in June of the lunar calendar every year and lasts for 3-5 days. During the festival, people stop working in the mountains, eat, drink and have fun at home, or go out to visit relatives and friends. During the festival, there are horse racing, gyro playing and bamboo tube dancing.

What are the traditional festivals of ethnic minorities? Yi ethnic group

Torch Festival: June 24th to 25th, customs: lighting torches, wrestling, bullfighting, singing and dancing.

Flower Arrangement/Singing Festival: On the eighth day of February, custom: collect azaleas and plant them everywhere. Young men and women dress up and dance with their left feet.

Secret Festival: the eighth day of February, custom: offering sacrifices to dragon trees and having a picnic.

Dragon Boat Festival: the eighth day of February, custom: Lusheng dance.

Clothing Competition Day: March 28th Custom: Clothing Competition

March meeting: March 28th, custom: market, dancing.

Bai (ba)

March Street: March 14 to 16, customs: material exchange, horse racing, dragon boat racing, singing and dancing.

Around the Three Spirits: April 23 to 25, custom: go around the mountain, worship ancestors, jump the whip of the overlord and inspire octagonal.

Torch Festival: June 25th, custom: exorcise evil spirits and seek happiness, and pray for a bumper harvest.

Main festivals: different dates, customs: offering sacrifices to the Lord, chanting and singing, burning incense and kowtowing, singing and dancing, playing and competing, etc.

Shi Baoshan Song Festival: the third day of July and August, custom: playing and singing Bai love songs.

Miao ethnic group

Huashan Festival: 1 3rd, customs: singing, dancing lusheng and climbing flower poles.

Naxi language

Milla club/baseball club: May 15, custom: horse racing and farm tools exhibition.

Sacrifice to heaven: the festival period is uncertain, and the custom is: pray for prosperity in the new year, eliminate disasters and ward off evil spirits

Mule and horse convention: March and July, custom: livestock trading.

Three festivals: the eighth day of February, customs: horse racing, "Li Ali" jumping and picnicking.

July meeting: in mid-July, custom: big livestock trading, singing.

Mosuo

Mountain God Festival: July 25th, custom: worship the goddess, dance, shoot arrows, and make friends with Asha.

Jingpo

Song of Eyes and Brain: 1 month15th, custom: dancing.

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Birthday of Buddha: April 1 day -4.

Divine dance: Tibetan New Year's Eve, custom: Divine dance program.

Jockey Club: On the fifth day of May, customs: pitch tents, have picnics, entertain guests and race horses.

Enlightenment Day:1October 25th.

Duanyang Festival: the fifth day of May, customs: horse racing, pot dance, string dance, picnic.

Snowdon Festival: the end of June and the beginning of July in Tibetan calendar. Custom: Bathe in Buddha's light, dance Tibetan opera and cross Karin.

Cloth (BY)

Niuwang Festival: April 8, custom: eat Niuwang cake, feed cows, sing and dance.

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Water-splashing Festival, custom: singing and dancing, dragon boat racing, splashing water and flying high.

Flower picking festival, custom: picking flowers and offering sacrifices to Buddha.

Dragon Boat Festival: January in the solar calendar, custom: offering sacrifices to the dragon god.

Hani ethnic group

Zarizo: 1 month 1 day, customs: ancestor worship, singing, swinging and banquet.

February is the Year of the Loong. Custom: offering sacrifices to mountains, ancestors and social forests.

New rice festival: the first and second dragon days in August. Custom: Taste new things, offer sacrifices to heaven and relatives.

Kuzaza: June, custom: singing and dancing, offering sacrifices to the gods.

October: October, custom: ancestor worship, street banquet.

Girls' Day: February 2nd, customs: picnic, singing and dancing.

Mother's Day: The first day of March is the Year of the Ox. Custom: Sacrifice to mother and sing songs of missing mother.

Zhuang people

Dragon Festival: March, custom: material exchange, young men and women singing and socializing.

Wazu

Knife and pole festival: February 8, custom: jumping on the knife mountain.

Singing contest: the twelfth lunar month or the first day of the first month, customs: singing contest and bathing.

Bathroom party: Spring Festival, custom: shower and make friends.

***

Eid al-Fitr: the first day of the month of Muhalan, customs: worship, giving "oil incense" and so on.

Eid al-Adha: Back to December, customs: group worship, slaughtering cattle and sheep, etc.

Lahu people

Hulu Festival: October, custom: Lusheng dance, material exchange,

Expansion Festival: the first day of the first month, customs: collecting fresh water, dancing lusheng and hunting.

Sacrifice to the sun god: establish a summer day, custom: worship the gods and pray for a good year.

Department of Veterans Affairs

On the twelfth day of the twelfth lunar month, customs: pulling wooden drums, racing cattle and dancing.

Yao (the legendary leader of the tribal alliance in the late period of China's ancient patriarchal clan society)

Wang Pan Festival: May 29th, custom: ancestor worship, singing and dancing.

Pumi

Turn the mountain: May 5, custom: turn the mountain, sing and dance, fire a gun.

Achang

Huijie: On September 15th, customs: playing with dragons, dancing with white elephants and dancing with drums like feet.

Jino (JN)

Sacrifice: March, custom: drum dance, bamboo pole top.

Sui dynasty

Festival: from late August to early October, custom: bronze drum dance, singing to find someone.

Delong

Kakwa: In the twelfth lunar month, custom: running cows, offering sacrifices to heaven, jumping over pots and pans and inviting guests to each other.

Aihuazu

Yekuza: In June, customs: swing, dance and have dinner.

Female (female)

Flower Festival: March 15, custom: picking flowers to worship fairies.

Nu nationality year: the 29th day of the twelfth lunar month. Customs: archery, shooting stone targets, singing (guessing boxing), swinging, dancing, etc.

the Mongol nationality

The traditional festivals in Mongolia mainly include the Lunar New Year, and the Mongolian language is "Chagan Saren", that is, Bai Yue. Mongolian New Year Festival, also called "White Festival" or "Bai Yue", is closely related to the whiteness of milk. In addition, there are Nadam, Horse Milk Festival and so on.

Korean nation

Its festivals are basically the same as those of the Han nationality. & gt

The biggest festival of the Hani people-grasshopper catching festival, which is called "Aba Year" in hani language, is held in the first year of rooster or monkey after June (June 24th of the lunar calendar). Hani people live in mountainous areas and grow one-season rice. After June, rice began to head. In order to ensure a bumper harvest of rice, the Hani people have adopted the way of "catching grasshoppers" to drive away and avoid pests. On the day of "catching grasshoppers", all the men, women and children in the stockade went to the fields to catch grasshoppers. After each family caught enough bamboo slips (about two kilograms), they scattered a grasshopper into four parts: a pile of heads, a pile of legs, a pile of bodies and a pile of wings; In order to intimidate grasshoppers and other insects that have not been caught, they are placed in the ridge and the drain in turn. After half an hour, these grasshoppers will be put into bamboo tubes again. Take it home or mix it with Baba. It is said that grasshopper meat is very sweet. After leaving the scene, people will keep shouting, "Oh, grasshopper, if you don't catch you for three days, you won't be able to eat for three months!" " "

What are the customs and habits of Hani people during the Spring Festival? The Hani people mainly live between the Red River and the Lancang River. Hani people call themselves "Kaduo", "Ni" and "Bi", claiming more than 20 species, which were collectively called Hani people after liberation. Hani nationality has a long history, which is equivalent to Yi nationality and Lahu nationality in the early stage and originated from the ancient Qiang nationality. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the ancestors of Hani and Yi people were also called "Wuman".

Hani people spend two years every year. One is October Festival and the other is June Festival. The calendar of the Hani nationality begins in October, which is the "New Year". In China New Year, people visit relatives and friends and get engaged. During the "June Festival", people offered sacrifices to their ancestors and carried out cultural and sports activities such as swinging, wrestling and singing folk songs. On New Year's Eve, women were busy making Ciba, and the young man went up the mountain to cut bamboo and set up a swing. During the Spring Festival, both men, women and children like to play on swings.