What does "or" mean in classical Chinese?

1. What does "or" mean in classical Chinese? The meaning of the word "or" in classical Chinese is as follows:

1, indicating function words: indicating selection or enumeration. A choice between different or dissimilar things, situations or behaviors.

Example:

(1) is still a drop in the bucket. -Tang Hanyu's essays

(2) Are you honest or forgiving? -Answering Sima Suggestions by Wang Song Anshi

2. Say a hypothesis.

If (if, if), maybe, maybe. Express uncertainty.

Such as: or (maybe; Maybe); Or fear (maybe; Maybe);

If you look carefully, you may find it.

3. Sometimes, sometimes.

Example:

(1) or the cigarette is gone. -Song Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower"

(2) even fight. -Qing Ji Cloud "Yuewei Caotang Notes"

4, through the "confusion", confused.

Example:

(1) In the middle of the night, while the city is noisy, the enemy will either. -Mozi's Biography of Preparing Moths

(2) A king with nothing or ignorance. -"Mencius Gaozi Shang"

Pronunciation: [Hu]

1. Maybe, sometimes, the word expressing uncertainty is ~ xu. ~ people (a. maybe; B. conjunctions, used in narratives, express the relationship of choice. Also use "or" alone). ~ naturally. ~ then.

2. Someone, someone: ~ Tell me.

2. Or what is the meaning of ancient Chinese, or Huo or both; Maybe; Or; Maybe; Or; Maybe Hu (1) (I know.

Oracle Bone Inscriptions glyph comes from the mouth (shaped like a city) and from Ge (the same as Ge Shou). It means defending the country with Ge Wei.

Original meaning: country. Read y:) Some people, some-generally refers to people or things [some; Some people] "In ancient Chinese characters, there are different opinions about whether the word Guo (abbreviated as Guo) is taken from mouth or based on mouth or or or.

Mr. Ma Xulun advocates that the mouth is the root of the country.

Asataro Goto, a Japanese schoolmate, advocated "or" as the original word of the country. He thinks that the people mentioned are all people after Qin and Han Dynasties.

He also published a paper in the sixth volume of the Journal of Chinese Studies, saying: "The word" country "has been a thing since the Qin and Han Dynasties. In the Zhou Dynasty, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was only the word or. " Press: either the combination of Ge and Kou, which was also mentioned by Xu Shen in Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the later Han Dynasty, or the bond industry.

(See Huang Xianfan's A Preliminary Study on the Interpretation of Ancient Books) Or, yes or no-"Xiao Er Ya Yan Guang" may jump deeper.

-"Ganyi" is full of enthusiasm or confusion. -"Shu Wei" or group or friend.

-"Poem Xiaoya auspicious day" is ordinary or paid. -"Sacrificial Ceremony" still pours wine for two little people.

-"Twenty-eight years of Zuo Zhao's specialization" or "Kill the tiger and chop the dumpling". -"Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rehabilitation" is either standing or lying.

-Xue Qin Fucheng "Looking at Oil Paintings in Paris" or sitting or leaning. Laugh or cry.

Or drinking or blogging. (2) another example: or people (someone.

An innuendo without a name. Some people); Sometimes (sometimes); Or one, or species (some kind); Or day (one day, one day) or Hu Lian (1) as a function word [or] (1): indicating selection or enumeration.

For example, or (conjunction. Represents a selection or juxtaposition relationship); Or (or.

Often used at the beginning of a sentence, indicating the change of narrative content) (2): Choose between different or similar things, situations or actions. Sick or not, he shouldn't be here (3): approximate, suspicious or uncertain.

For example, within five or six days (4): two words or two phrases are synonymous, equivalent, or the substitution nature is exhausted. -Tang Hanyu's Miscellaneous Notes "Whether You Are Honest or Forgive".

-Wang Song's Answering Sima's suggestion in An Shi Rebellion is still different. -Song Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower" can be exempted.

-Qing Xu Ke's "Clearing Money and War" (2) Another example: falling off a cliff or breaking a cliff (3) indicating the hypothesis. If [if].

Such as: or if (if, if) or Hu (1) Maybe, Maybe. Express uncertainty [maybe]

Such as: or (maybe; Maybe); Or fear (maybe; Maybe); If you look closely, you may find (2) sometimes [sometimes; Sometimes] or the cigarettes are gone. -Song Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower" is even a fight.

-Qing Ji Cloud's Notes on Yuewei Caotang ③ Another example: sometimes (sometimes) or (1) confused. Puzzle in the middle of the night, the city is noisy on all sides, and the enemy will inevitably.

-"Mozi's Biography of Preparing Moths" is nothing more than the ignorance of the king. -"On Mencius' confession' was created as a command, and it was its monarch who was fascinated by it.

-"Guanzi Huiming" was bought incorrectly and sold unreasonably, which was extremely doubtful or beneficial. -"Salt and Iron Theory Wrong Coin" I am afraid of being poor and afraid of losing it.

-Don't follow the master, or you'll get lost. -"Han Huo Qubing Biography" fear or later.

-Qing Zhou Rong's Biography of the Old Man ② Another example is: or or (confused. Or, confused); Or confused (confused; Confused); Or doubt (doubt, doubt; Some people suspect) or "Hu" modal particles, it is impossible to strengthen the negative tone in negative sentences.

-Huang Qingzong Xi Yuan Jun is nothing more than it. Maybe Hu x (1) [maybe]: possible but not sure; Maybe he missed the train (2)[ Maybe]: Not necessarily, maybe he can come or [someone said].

This is a rhetorical question. Or, indefinite pronouns, not "or" conjunction or [or] maybe (table selection) I will either go to the book city or the library or [maybe; Maybe] maybe it's not far from the road.

-Liu Tang Zongyuan's Liuhe Dongji or Yue. -Hong Qing Ji Liang's "Ping Ping Pian", you should hurry up, or you will miss the last bus or Huò zh \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u \ u.

~ people (a. maybe; B. conjunctions, used in narratives, express the relationship of choice. Also use "or" alone).

~ naturally. ~ then.

(2) Someone, someone: ~ Tell them. (3) Omission: No delay.

Can't ~ suddenly. It is essential.

3. What is the specific meaning or significance of classical Chinese? Classical Chinese is relative to vernacular Chinese.

The first "article" refers to a written article. "Speech" means writing, expressing and recording. "Classical Chinese", that is, written language, is relative to "spoken language", which is also called "vernacular". The last word "Wen" refers to works, articles, etc. , which means genre.

"Classical Chinese" means "articles written in written language". And "vernacular" means: "articles written in plain spoken language".

In ancient China, it was different to express the same thing in spoken and written language. For example, if you want to ask someone if they have eaten, you can express it in spoken English as "Have you eaten?" And using books and language to express it is "rice?" . "Fanbu" is classical Chinese. In ancient China, all articles were written in written language. Therefore, now we generally refer to ancient Chinese as "classical Chinese"

Classical Chinese is a treasure of China culture, and the ancients left us a lot of classical Chinese. In China, the study of classical Chinese plays a very important role in the Chinese curriculum in middle schools.

What is classical Chinese?

1. Classical Chinese is wonderful. Of course, there is no doubt about it. Classical Chinese is an important part of China traditional culture. This shows that the history of modern civilization in China is still very short, and it is necessary to deconstruct or interpret the traditional culture, because the inheritance of traditional wisdom is based on the correct interpretation of classical Chinese.

2. Classical Chinese is knowledge. This is right, because classical Chinese is no longer a language, it is purely a kind of writing. But classical Chinese is knowledge, and so is Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Why not learn from Oracle Bone Inscriptions? By the way, it is precisely because Oracle Bone Inscriptions is a relatively primitive writing, so classical Chinese is the basis for further study of Oracle Bone Inscriptions and other traditional advanced writing (learning).

3. Classical Chinese is also a skill. The expression, description, combination, transformation, metaphor, comparison and deduction of Chinese fully bear the style of Chinese civilization in ideological expression. Mastering the physical structure of classical Chinese has a profound understanding of modern Chinese, and there are "laws" to follow in the construction of new Chinese.

4. "Classical Chinese" is the antonym of "vernacular Chinese". The structure of this word is as follows: classical Chinese-Chinese. The first "text" is "writing" and "speech" is language. "Classical Chinese" refers to "written language". It shows two meanings: first, it shows that classical Chinese is a language; Secondly, the language was written later. "Written" language also has two meanings: one is a culture that can have language without words, for example, most ethnic minorities only have language without words; Secondly, the function of language quits life and becomes history in the form of words.

The literal meaning of "classical Chinese" should be: the written language style. The latter's "text" refers to style.

So does classical Chinese have a "future" besides archaeological research? In other words, what life application value will it have? I think there is. When the traditional life style fades out of modern society, people just ignore the social life in some marginal fields, which leads to the suspicion or neglect of classical Chinese in modern application. For example, in religious buildings, some inscriptions will still be written in classical Chinese, or in calligraphy and engraved with tools. The application of seal script is also mostly the same.

The word "classical Chinese" can also include the relationship between language and writing in cultural history. In a certain form, once a language, including dialects, is "literate" and written, its language charm will be reduced and its writing function will be doubled. Because language is usually passed down orally and closely related to life, language has not yet entered the cultural state. It is the retention of life experience, without the expansion of words.

In the process of reading classical Chinese, we will inevitably have an illusion: did the ancients say so? I think this can be "felt" through the differences in the expression of written and spoken languages in the present tense, and there is not much difference in the structural rules between them. It can also be speculated that the ancient people's speech is just more casual, albino and popular than classical Chinese, and "three words and two beats" can also be used as a reference. As for reading classical Chinese now, of course, it does not mean repeating the words of the ancients, but reciting or silently reading a style.

Reading classical Chinese is a very clear way of thinking, just like reading the works of western philosophers occasionally, it is very solemn.