Idiom allusions and meanings

Burn one's bridges: Xiang Yu killed the top scholar in Qing Zi, which was a great shock to Chu and was famous as a vassal. He sent General Yangchun and General Pu to cross the river with 20,000 soldiers to save the giant deer. If the war is not so profitable, Chen Yu will ask the soldiers. Xiang Yu learned that when he led the troops to cross the river, they all sank, broke the kettle, burned the house, and took three rations to show that the foot soldiers would die, and no one returned. Looking at plum to quench thirst: Cao Cao led his troops to a place without water. The soldiers are very thirsty In order to boost their morale, Cao Cao said to the soldiers, "There is a big Meilin not far ahead, with many plums, sweet and sour." Then we will have a good time. " Hearing this, the soldiers all drooled and stopped crying, speeding up the March.

Chickens crow and dogs steal: During the Warring States Period, Meng Changjun of Qi liked to recruit people of all kinds, claiming to be 3,000 guests. He is open to all guests. Those who are talented let them do their best, and those who are not talented also provide accommodation. On one occasion, Meng Changjun led all the guests to the State of Qin. Zhao Haoqi of Qin kept him and wanted him to be prime minister. Meng Changjun didn't dare to offend Zhao Haoqi of Qin, so he had to stay. Soon, the ministers advised the king of Qin, saying, "It is not good for the king of Qin to keep Meng Changjun. He was born in the royal family, and he had fiefs and family members in the state of Qi. How can he really work for Qin? " Zhao Haoqi of Qin felt right, so he changed his mind and put Meng Changjun and his men under house arrest, just waiting for an excuse to kill them. King Taizhao has a favorite concubine. As long as the concubine says one, Zhao Haoqi won't say two. Meng Changjun sent for her help. The princess agreed, on the condition that she would get a white fur coat (made of the hair under the armpit of the white fox) as a reward. This can be called Meng Changjun, because as soon as he arrived in Qin, he gave the white fur of this fox to Zhao Haoqi of Qin. Just then, a janitor said, "I can get the fox and the white fur!" " "Say that finish and left. It turns out that this doorman is best at stealing dogs. He first learned the situation, knowing that Zhao Haoqi liked the fox fur coat so much that he couldn't bear to wear it for a while, so he put it in the exquisite storeroom of the palace. By moonlight, he escaped the patrol's eyes and easily got into the storage room to steal the fox hair. The princess was very happy to see the fox Bai Qiu. She tried to persuade Qin to give up the idea of killing and prepared to send him back to Qi in a few days. Meng Changjun did not dare to wait for two days, and immediately led his men to ride eastward overnight. It was midnight when I arrived in Hangu (now Lingbao County, Henan Province, which was the east gate of Qin State). According to the law of Qin State, Hangu Pass is not opened until the cock crows every day. Why do chickens crow in the middle of the night? When everyone was worried, only a few "oh oh" cocks crowed, and then all the cocks outside the city crowed. It turns out that another public in Meng Changjun can crow like a chicken, and the chicken will crow as soon as it hears the first crow. Why do you crow before going to bed? Although the soldiers guarding the customs felt strange, they had to get up and open the door to let them out. At dawn, Zhao Haoqi of Qin learned that Meng Changjun and his party had escaped, and immediately sent troops after them. I've been through Hangu Pass for a long time. With the help of a confidant, he fled back to Qi.

High mountains and flowing water: One day, the teacher said to Boya, "Shall I take you to a fairy teacher to enlighten you?" Happily agreed and took Qin to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea by boat. The teacher told him to sit down and rest and go to the teacher himself. Boya is in this tall and lush Shan Ye, but she hasn't seen her teacher come back for a long time, so she looks along a mountain road. Bypassing a hill, I don't want to see a strange sight hanging in front of me: it's really a waterfall in the clouds, a clear spring in the fog, a splash like pearls, and a sound echoing like Yue Xian. Boyaton felt that his eyes were wide open and his inspiration surged, so he sat on the floor and played the piano, which became a wonderful piece of music. Suddenly, the teacher's voice came from behind: "Ha ha, ha ha ... you found an immortal teacher." Boya suddenly realized that the teacher was talking about nature. According to legend, two guqin songs, Shuixiancao and Mountain Flowing Water, were written by Boya at that time. Since then, his piano skills have reached a state of perfection, but he has never found a bosom friend. Later, Yu Boya became a doctor in the State of Jin. One day, he was ordered to go to Chu. Because of the strong wind, we had to stop at the mouth of Hanyang River. After a calm, a Mid-Autumn Moon wandered out of the clouds. Boya stood at the bow, looked up at the bright moon, looked down at the water waves on the river, and the piano sounded one after another, so he played. At the end of the song, a woodcutter suddenly jumped out of the grass. He was surprised at Boya's piano skills. Bo Ya was surprised and asked, "You can play the piano. Can you know the pros and cons of the piano? " The woodcutter looked at the piano and replied, "This piano is called a lyre. It's made in Fu, and it's made from the middle part of a good mulberry tree. Its tree must be three feet high and cut into three sections. The sound in the upper section is too clear, and the sound in the lower section is too turbid, only in the middle section, with both clarity and turbidity. After that, the wood was soaked in water for 72 days. On a good day, it was carved into a musical instrument. At first, this piano had five strings, the outside was gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and the inside was palace, business, horn, sign and feather. Later, Zhou Wenwang added a string called Wen Xian, and Zhou Wuwang added a string called Wu Xian. Therefore, this piano is also known as the Wu Wen lyre. " Hearing this, Boya was completely convinced, and then he tuned his strings and played the piano again, sometimes majestic and sometimes comfortable and smooth. From time to time, the woodcutter said, "Well, I am as tall as Mount Tai." Sometimes he said, "Good! The ocean is like a river. " Boya was overjoyed. He gave the piano a push and saluted. He asked, "Wise man of the world, what's your name?" The woodcutter returned the gift and said, "My surname is Zhong, which is a mean word." Boya sighed. "We all know each other all over the world, but how many people can know each other?" That is, the boy was ordered to burn incense and light candles and become brothers with the child. And meet again next Mid-Autumn Festival. In the Mid-Autumn Festival of the following year, Boya arrived as scheduled. Who had expected that at this time, he was separated from his good friend Yin and Yang, and his son had left him. Boya played a song "Mountain Stream and Running Water" at the grave of the little chef of Hippo, and cried at the touch of the piano. At the end of the song, the string was broken with a knife. Looking up at the sky again, he sighed, "Who am I playing for when my bosom friend is away?" After that, the piano hit the altar and the string was broken. Later generations felt it, and built a piano platform at Guishanwei and Yuehu Lake in Hanyang as a souvenir. According to records, Boyatai was built in the Northern Song Dynasty, rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, and restored after liberation. There is the word "Qintai" on the front of the stele gallery, which is said to have been written by calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. Nowadays, Boya terraces, which have experienced wind and rain, have become an important scenic spot in Hanyang. The hall is resplendent and magnificent. In front of the hall is a piano platform made of white marble, which is said to be Boya's violin. When you stand quietly in the distance, among the lakes, mountains and flowers, you will see four words written on the forehead of the gate of the stele gallery: high mountains and flowing water. It has become a call, echoing in our ears forever!

Wei besieged Zhao: During the Warring States Period, Wei led Pang Juan to besiege Handan, the capital of Zhao. Zhao asked Qi for help, and the King of Qi ordered Tian Ji and Sun Bin to lead an army to save him. Sun Bin thought that Wei Jun's main force was in Zhao, and the interior was empty, so he went out to attack Wei Du's girder. Therefore, Wei Jun had to withdraw from Handan to save the country, passing through Guilin Pass, and was stopped by his own troops, almost completely annihilated. This allusion refers to the tactics of bypassing the enemy's rear to force them to withdraw.

In 354 BC, the Wei army surrounded Handan, the capital of Zhao. The two sides fought for more than a year, and Zhao was weak and Wei was tired. At this time, Qi responded to Zhao's call for help, and sent Tian Ji as the general and Sun Bin as the strategist, leading 80,000 troops to save Zhao. Where is the attack direction? At first, Tian Ji prepared to go straight to Handan. Sun Bin believes that to untie the tangled silk thread, you can't pull hard with your hands, and you can't directly participate in fighting with others. To send troops to clear up, we should avoid reality and get to the point. He suggested to Tian Ji that the elite troops of Wei are now concentrated in Zhao, which is empty inside. If we lead the troops into the capital girder of Wei, occupy its traffic arteries, attack its empty space, and March into the capital girder of Wei (now Kaifeng, Henan), Zhao's Li will be spared to save himself, while the Qi army will take advantage of its fatigue to meet the returning enemy in Guiling, a pre-selected combat area. Wei Jun was defeated, and Zhao Zhiwei was solved. Sun Bin's method of encircling Wei to save Zhao is a famous war example in the history of our country, and it is listed as one of the 36 strategies by later military strategists. The method of encircling Wei to save Zhao, avoiding reality and avoiding emptiness, has been appreciated by military strategists in past dynasties and still has vitality today. It was Sun Bin who commanded the Qi army to defeat Wei Jun led by Pang Juan, and saved the famous Battle of Zhao. From then on, Sun Bin became famous all over the world.

On paper: During the Warring States Period, Zhao She, a general of the State of Zhao, defeated the invading Qin Jun with fewer troops and was promoted to the top by King Huiwen of Zhao. He has a son named Zhao Kuo, who has been familiar with the art of war since childhood and loves to talk about military affairs. People often say that he is not. So he is arrogant and thinks he is invincible in the world. However, Zhao She was very worried about him, thinking that he was just an armchair strategist, and said, "In the future, Zhao doesn't need him as a general. If you use him as a general, Zhao Jun will be defeated. " Sure enough, in 259 BC, when he attacked again, Zhao insisted on resisting the enemy in Changping (now near Gaoping County, Shaanxi Province). Zhao was already dead at that time. Lian Po is in charge of commanding the whole army. Although he is old, he still has a good way of fighting, which makes Qin Jun unable to win. Knowing that it was not good for him to drag on, the State of Qin used double agents to send people to Zhao to spread the news of "General Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao She, which Qin Jun was most afraid of". The prince of Zhao was cheated and sent Zhao Kuo instead of Lian Po. Zhao Kuo thought he was good at fighting, and moved all the articles in Sun Tzu's Art of War to the dead. After Changping, he completely changed Lian Po's battle plan. As a result, more than 400,000 Zhao troops were wiped out, and he himself was shot by Qin Jun.

Gao Song and Widow: A Problem of Chu Song Yu to the King of Chu in the Warring States Period: "There were Xialiba people since the Song Dynasty, and there were thousands of people who made peace with the country. They are Yang A and Qiu Lu, and there are hundreds of people who belong to the middle school. This is "spring snow", and only a few dozen people belong to middle schools. China merchants carved feathers, and few people returned to China to make peace. It is its high music and rare harmony. " It shows that the melody is elegant and few people can sing along with it, which shows that bosom friends are rare. Later, the metaphor of "high and low" was also used to describe that speeches or works were not popular and few people could understand them. Literally, the higher the pitch, the less you can echo. It can be explained that it is too good to compare with it ~ Song Yu is a student of Qu Yuan, a great poet of Chu State. One day, King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "Many people have opinions about you now. What's wrong with you? " Song Yu replied obliquely: "When a singer sings in the square of our capital and sings popular songs such as Li Xia and Ba People, thousands of listeners sing along;" Singing such profound songs as Yangchun and Snow White, only dozens of people can sing along. When it comes to singing more advanced songs, only a few people sing along. It can be seen from here that the deeper the tune, the fewer people can sing along. " Song Yu's words mean that his character is superb and ordinary people can't understand it, so some people make irresponsible remarks. "Harmony" means singing with others; "Widowed" means less. Later, this idiom was used to describe speeches and works, and few people could understand it. Sometimes it is also used to satirize other people's pretentiousness. During the Warring States Period, Chu Songyu's "Ask the King of Chu": "There were singers in the Song Dynasty, and there were" Xialiba people ".Thousands of people returned to China and made peace. They are Yang A and Qiu Lu, and there are hundreds of people who belong to the middle school. This is "spring snow", and only a few dozen people belong to middle schools. China merchants carved feathers, and few people returned to China to make peace. It is its high music and rare harmony. " It shows that the melody is elegant and few people can sing along with it, which shows that bosom friends are rare. Later, the metaphor of "high and low" was also used to describe that speeches or works were not popular and few people could understand them. Literally, the higher the pitch, the less you can echo.

It can be explained that it is too good to compare with it ~ Song Yu is a student of Qu Yuan, a great poet of Chu State. One day, King Xiang of Chu asked Song Yu, "Many people have opinions about you now. What's wrong with you? " Song Yu replied obliquely: "When a singer sings in the square of our capital and sings popular songs such as Li Xia and Ba People, thousands of listeners sing along;" Singing such profound songs as Yangchun and Snow White, only dozens of people can sing along. When it comes to singing more advanced songs, only a few people sing along. It can be seen from here that the deeper the tune, the fewer people can sing along. " Song Yu's words mean that his character is superb and ordinary people can't understand it, so some people make irresponsible remarks. "Harmony" means singing with others; "Widowed" means less.

Later, this idiom was used to describe speeches and works, and few people could understand it. Sometimes it is also used to satirize other people's pretensions.

The story takes place in the Three Kingdoms, and the protagonists are Liu Chan and Si Mazhao. People often think of happiness as forgetfulness or forgetfulness for no reason, which is the so-called "not thinking about the happiness of hometown" This allusion originated in Luoyang during the Three Kingdoms period.

At that time, Wei Jun entered Sichuan, and Liu Chan, the last ruler of Shu, surrendered and was sent to Luoyang. Si Mazhao named him the Duke of Happiness, gave him a house, gave him a monthly allowance, and had a hundred servants. Liu Chan made a special trip to thank him, and Si Mazhao hosted a banquet, singing and dancing. When the music of Shu started, the old ministers of Shu recited the sadness of the country's demise, and all of them burst into tears. Liu Chan, on the other hand, is insensitive and laughs. Si Mazhao said, and then asked Liu Chan; "Do you want to relax?" Liu Chan replied, "This place is very happy. I don't miss Shu. " Hearing this, Zheng Gu, his old minister, quickly found an opportunity and whispered to him, "Your Majesty, when Si Mazhao asks you again, you will cry and answer,' The ancestral grave is far away in Shu, and I don't miss it every day!'" "In this way, you can let your majesty go back to Shu." After hearing this, Liu Chan kept it in mind. Halfway through the wine, Si Mazhao asked again. Liu Chan soon understood what the tree was teaching him, but he just wanted to cry. Hearing this, Si Mazhao said, "Hey, why does this sound like what Zheng Gu said?" Liu Chan said in surprise, "You are absolutely right! Si Mazhao and his ministers all laughed. Si Mazhao saw that Liu Chan was so honest that he never doubted him again. In this way, Liu Chan spent the rest of his life happily in Luoyang, and handed down this hilarious allusion of "no fun".

You can't get in: so you get shot. Yao ordered Gun to control water, but the method of Gun control water was wrong. The water was covered with soil, and the accumulated soil blocked the water, which led to failure. Gun was executed for this. After Yao gave way to Shun, Shun ordered Yu to continue to control water. Yu accepted the lesson of his father's failure and turned to persuasion. Thirteen years later, the flood was finally subdued. In order to control water, I have been to my hometown several times and passed by his home three times. He also heard the child crying, but he didn't have time to go in and have a look. Yu said: "Time is precious, even a short inch of time, we should cherish it!" " Yu San stayed at home and was praised from then on.

Historical Records Biography of Lian Po and Biography of Lin Xiangru. During the Warring States Period, Lian Po was a famous soldier of Zhao. He was honored as a senior official, and Lin Xiangru was awarded the title of doctor shortly after his successful return. Mianchi Qin met Zhao and safeguarded Zhao's dignity, so he was promoted to Shangqing, above Lian Po. Lian Po refused to accept this and threatened: "If I see him, I must humiliate him." When Lin Xiangru found out, he wouldn't meet Lian Po. Others think that Lin Xiangru is afraid of Lian Po, but Lian Po is proud of it. But Shang Xiangru said, "Where am I afraid of General Lian? But now the state of Qin is a little afraid of our state of Zhao, mainly because of me and General Lian. If he and I attack each other, it will only benefit Qin. The reason why I avoid General Lian is to focus on national affairs and put personal grievances aside! " When this word reached Lian Po's ears, Lian Po was very moved, so he went to Lin Xiangru's house to confess his sins, went shirtless and held a scepter. He said to Shang Xiangru in shame, "I'm such a fool. I didn't expect you to be so generous! " "Two people finally became friends who vowed to share life and death.

An obedient child can teach: In ancient times, there was a man named Sean, a politician in the Han Dynasty. When he was young, his country, Korea, was destroyed by the State of Qin, when Sean hired someone to assassinate Qin Shihuang. But the assassination failed, Qin Shihuang looked for him everywhere, and Zhang Liang hid in Xiapi. One day, Sean went out for a walk. When he came to a bridge, he saw an old man sitting there. Seeing Sean coming, the old man threw a shoe under the bridge and said to Sean, "Young man, I dropped my shoe under the bridge. Go and pick it up for me. " Sean first one leng, how can he speak in the tone of command? On second thought, he is old and doesn't care about him. He immediately went to the bridge and picked up his shoes. The old man stretched out his foot and said, "Put it on for me!" Sean thought, this old man is really pushing his luck. Now that the shoes have been picked up and put on him, Sean knelt down and put them on him. The old man put on his shoes, stood up, glanced at Sean and left. Sean saw the old man's behavior was a little strange and stared at his back. After a long walk, the old man turned to Sean and said, "You are a young man who is sensible and can cultivate education. Meet me here at dawn in five days. " Sean looked at the old man strangely, but he was not an ordinary person. He hopes to learn some skills from the old man. On the fifth day, Sean came to the bridge early in the morning, only to find that the old man had come first and was sitting waiting for him. The old man showed an angry look and said, "You young man came later than me. Come to me in five days. " Sean must come back. Five days later, before dawn, Sean came to the bridge, this time the old man arrived first. The old man scolded him again and told Sean to come back in five days. Five days later, this time Sean didn't come to the bridge until midnight. The old man didn't come this time Sean waited for a while, and the old man came with a lantern. The old man was very satisfied with Sean and said, "That's what young people should do." Later, I gave Sean a copy of Sun Tzu's Art of War. Since then, Sean has read carefully, read repeatedly and studied repeatedly. Finally, Liu Bang was helped to defeat the Qin Dynasty and establish the Han Dynasty. Sean became a founding hero.

[Note]: According to this story, the idiom "A willing son can teach" is derived, which is used by the elderly to praise the future of young people in cultivating talents. A child or young person.

Back to Life: Bian Que was born in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, whose real name was Qin Yueren. It is said that he studied medicine with Chang Sangjun when he was young, and he was good at taking pulse. He can see the crux of the internal organs, and his medical skill is extremely brilliant. On one occasion, Bian Que went to Guo Cheng, and heard that the King of Guo died suddenly in less than half a day and was not buried. So he rushed to the palace gate and told Zhongzi that there was a way to save the prince. Bastard thinks what he says is nonsense, and there is no reason to resurrect when people die. Bian Que sighed, "If you don't believe me, you can try to meet the prince. You should be able to hear his tinnitus and see that his nose is swollen and his thighs and genitals are still hot. " Upon hearing the news, this bastard quickly entered the palace and reported that Bi Jun was frightened and personally came out to meet Bian Que. Bian Que said, "The prince's illness is called' corpse syncope'. People accept the harmony and health of Yin and Yang between heaven and earth. At present, the imbalance between Yin and Yang of the Prince, the internal and external barriers, and the upper and lower barriers lead to the chaos of the Prince's pulse, which is unrecognizable and looks like a dead silence, but not death. " Bian Que ordered his disciples to use needles to assist in first aid, and stabbed the acupoints of Prince Sanyang and Wu Hui. Soon the prince really woke up. Bian Que added and subtracted the prescription, which made the prince sit up. He also used decoction to regulate yin and yang, and after more than 20 days, the prince's illness recovered. After this incident came out, people said that Bian Que had a stunt to bring back the dead.