Who knows the customs of Lu 'an, Anhui?

In the old society, marriage depended on "parents' orders and matchmakers' words". Generally, it goes through the following procedures: proposing marriage, also known as "marriage proposal media", where the matchmakers (usually two) reconcile with the parents of both men and women, and the male follows the female first, which is called "shame on the male but not the female". If both parties have no objection, they can get a wedding sticker: both men and women will write "birthday" (date and time of birth) on the Khmer Rouge, and the matchmaker will give it to both parties. If the "eight characters" match, you can formally talk about marriage. If they don't (such as "the chicken and the monkey don't agree" and "Long Hudou"), they will choose another marriage. Writing a book, also known as "writing a little book", the man first gives the "book" of marriage proposal, together with clothes, food and other "bride price" to the woman, and Jinzhai has given pen and ink onions (meaning "smart") and pine and cypress branches (meaning "grow old together"); The woman will send back the man's marriage "book". It's called engagement. At this point, if there is no special reason, the marriage is settled. Marriage, also called marriage. Before marriage, the man holds a proposal for a specific wedding date, and asks the matchmaker to consult the woman's house, which is called "Qi Media". If the woman has no objection, she will set a wedding date and specify the clothes size of the woman to be married, and the matchmaker will give it to the man. On the wedding day, the man prepares the sedan chair, new clothes and gifts, and the matchmaker leads the wedding attendants to the woman's house. In the old society, there was a custom of getting married without wearing bridal veil, and all of them were put on the new clothes of the husband's family. The bride gets up early on the wedding day to "cry and marry". Before getting on the sedan chair, the bride and her brother eat jiaozi and vermicelli in a bowl together, which is called "separate meal system". After the bridesmaid dressed her, her brother, brother or father carried her into the sedan chair (Shouxian was helped into the sedan chair by her sister-in-law). After the ceremony, the dowry goes forward, followed by the sedan chair. When the sedan chair enters the door, the groom "unloads" the sedan chair door. Open the door and wrap the auxiliary floor alternately with red cloth ("Dai"). The bride was helped from the bag to the hall to pay homage to the bride, and then entered the bridal chamber, drinking wine and making trouble with the new house. Guests can joke, moderately amuse the newlyweds and say, "It doesn't matter if you get married for three days." For example, in Zanxi Sentence, one person sings congratulations and everyone says yes. After marriage, there are things like going back to the door and seeing relatives. The bride went to the happy grave to meet her family and relatives the next day. On the third day after marriage, or on the sixth or ninth day, the bride's family came to visit her relatives in the province ("see the third day") and took the bride back, but she had to go back to her husband's house that night. After January, the bride can stay at her parents' home for a month, during which she needs to make a pair of "back door shoes" for everyone in her husband's family. In the old fashion, the age of early marriage was 18 to 19 for men and 17 to 19 for women. The man has the freedom to divorce his wife, betray her, remarry (after her death) and take concubinage. The woman, on the other hand, follows the dog. From beginning to end, her husband is a widow when he dies, and even her unmarried husband is a widow when he dies. In addition, there are marriage customs such as "child bride", "marriage", "changing relatives" and "recruiting relatives", and the woman has no autonomy.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, men and women were equal, their marriage was independent and their manners were simple. At the end of 70' s, when they were married by traveling, the newlyweds went out for sightseeing and enjoyed their honeymoon. And a group wedding. However, there are still some old customs in rural areas, such as matchmaking. In the late 1980s, marriage tended to be extravagant, with the woman pretending to want a bride price and the man throwing a big banquet and pursuing ostentation and extravagance. Some are often in debt regardless of their family's financial situation.

grow

Three days after the baby is born, it is necessary to "wash three sides", bathe the mother and son with boiling water such as Sophora japonica branches, honeysuckle stems and mugwort leaves, invite women with full milk to feed their heads, eat "wash three sides", and distribute red eggs as gifts to report good news to their parents. If you have a boy, choose two cocks and give one back to your family. If you have a girl, give two hens and give her a rooster. Boys in Huoqiu Township send red eggs and writing brushes, while girls send needle and thread and cloth. Seven days after the baby was born, grandma gave the baby clothes, hens, brown sugar, dried noodles, fried dough sticks, eggs and so on. And gave the baby "meeting money." Pregnant women should avoid giving birth and confinement in their parents' homes. Eat "full moon noodles" during the "full moon", and mother can visit relatives afterwards. When the child reaches 1 year-old, the family will put small utensils, Four Treasures of the Study, cakes and sweets on the table for the child to catch, and predict the child's future hobbies and careers according to what the child catches. This is called "grasping the week". Children don't shave their fetal hair, leaving no "turtle tips".

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the custom of "washing three times" and "catching a week" still exists. Keeping turtle tips and some superstitious and vulgar customs only exist in some villages.

Congratulate (the old man) on his birthday.

In the past, there were two kinds of birthdays. One is "Sanshou", a birthday ceremony for people under 60. Generally, only close relatives and friends are invited to congratulate. The first is "Zhengshou", which is divided into "Hua Jiashou (60 years old)", "Gu Xishou (70 years old)", "Yishou (80 years old)" and "Yishou (100 years old)". On the birthday, relatives and neighbors will go home to celebrate and give gifts, such as candy and cakes, dried and fresh products, wine, noodles (long dried noodles), chicken and duck meat and other gifts, as well as handicrafts, birthday wishes (written on banners) and birthday couplets. The longest one is to send birthday cards, such as "be virtuous in old age" and "celebrate the longevity and relax the age".

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the wind of celebrating birthdays has disappeared. Generally speaking, congratulations are only held within the family. In the 1980s, there were also cases where relatives and neighbors "pooled their money" to celebrate their birthdays.

Jianzhai

In the old days, it was regarded as a major event, so Mr. Feng Shui and the builder should be invited to choose the foundation orientation and make an auspicious start. Drinking "Shangliang wine" when the framework of the new house is completed is a congratulation for Japanese relatives and friends to prepare money. Xinliang hung a long red cloth with the words "Good luck". There are many books in the room with bright columns, such as "Liang Xin meets the ecliptic day, and the vertical column meets the purple star". The craftsmen set off firecrackers on the beams and sprinkled "Huantuan", Ginkgo biloba, peanuts and so on. For those who want to be happy, robbery and self-entertainment. After that, please drink "Shangliang wine". After the completion of the new house, we will move into the new house another day, which was previously called "Shangzhuang". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the habit of drinking "Shangliang wine" still exists, but the form is simplified. After the end of 1970s, rural people gave "Liang Shang" generous gifts, usually "red envelopes", including bicycles, sofas and televisions.

funeral

Old customs die young, parents die young, and the funeral is simple. Normal old age is called "white happiness", and the funeral is complicated. Generally, there are the following procedures. When the patient dies, he "cleans" himself, puts on "old clothes" (shroud), takes off the mosquito net, and walks on the white straw cloth in the room, which is called "cold shop". At the end of his life, his family burned paper sedan chairs, paper horses and paper money, covered them with paper, and put paper ashes in an "old basin" in front of his body. If you die in a foreign country, you can build a shed in front of the door to stop your death. After death, mourners send paper money, elegiac couplets, mourning, etc. To their loved ones, and widowed women must "mourn". If the deceased belongs to a long life, the mourners buy some bowls and lamps for the mourners to take away, which is called "longevity bowl". When a prestigious person dies, a ancestral hall sacrifice is usually held in the ancestral hall. The deceased usually stays in the coffin for 3 days. In addition to condolences, there are also things like entering the coffin and asking the Taoist priest to turn over and close the coffin for the deceased (that is, "covering the coffin"). When entering the coffin, five or seven "cushion coins (copper coins)" were placed under the coffin. Put 1 bowl of rice in front of the coffin, erect 1 double bamboo chopsticks, insert 1 shelled boiled eggs at the top, cover 1 cock at the bottom of the coffin, and illuminate the dead with 1 oil lamp.

At the funeral, the dutiful son holds a spirit tablet or raises a flag, followed by gongs and drums, followed by the funeral of the coffin and relatives and friends. During the funeral, you must throw "paper money for buying roads" along the way. If someone fires a gun to mourn, the coffin will be hung and the dutiful son will kneel. To the grave, the dutiful son was lying on a warm spot, and the relatives of the deceased kowtowed to the undertaker, and declined politely after burial. Old customs emphasize the choice of cemetery, and ask "Mr. Feng Shui" and "Bu Yi" to determine the location and direction. During the mourning period, the relatives of the deceased wore different mourning signs. The son and daughter-in-law wore a five-foot-long white cloth towel, the nephew and daughter cut it in half, and the grandchildren and distant relatives in the neighborhood wore Dai Xiao hats; White cloth shoes, all children's daughter-in-law, half grandchildren's daughter-in-law, big grandson's white shoes. If both parents are dead and there is no close relative elder, the two shoes are Mao Kou, the male close relative elder is alive, the left shoe is Mao Kou, and the female close relative elder is alive, and the right shoe is Mao Kou.

On the third day after burial, it was originally named "Back to Sand". It was a mourning day, and the family scattered grass ash in the place where the deceased often lived before his death, and the family avoided meditation at night. The next morning, if there are traces on the grass ash on the ground, it means that the deceased went home to visit relatives last night. Since then, there have been "May 7th (35 days)", "Hundred Days" and "Memorial Day". At that time, paper money, paper horses and paper houses will be burned down.

In the past, mourning could last for three years. From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, it was a "hot birthday" on the anniversary. During the "May 7th" period, men didn't cut their hair and women didn't dress up. Don't play, don't feast, don't laugh loudly; Husband and wife are separated. In the first year of bereavement, the Spring Festival couplets were written on white paper, such as: "Filial piety is difficult to repay kindness, and it is unnecessary to pay a New Year call when you miss your relatives", "Filial piety never knows when it will be sunny, and you often look to Bai Yunfei when you miss your relatives", and so on. Use blue paper or yellow paper in the second year and red paper in the third year.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the funeral was simplified and reformed. After the 1960s, Xiangxing wore black gauze as a symbol of mourning. Hanging ceremonies are mainly wreaths and filial piety. If the deceased is a cadre and worker, it is generally composed of relevant personnel of the unit where he works, and funeral committee will handle the funeral together. In rural areas, most of the activities of mourning and sweeping follow the old customs. After the 1970s, cremation was advocated, and funeral homes were set up in crematoriums for mourning and mourning. But the old customs in rural areas are hard to change, and most of them are buried underground. Some places have also implemented funeral reforms, such as setting up cemeteries and burying them deeply.