The main reasons for the failure of the reform movement of 1898

The main reason for the failure of the reform was that the reform touched the interests of the die-hards and was destroyed by them. Only the governor of Hunan, Chen Baozhen, supports the reform, so the reform is doomed to fail.

Empress Dowager Cixi, as the representative of the conservative forces in Qing Dynasty, was extremely hostile to the Reform and Reform. During the Reform Movement of 1898, she weakened the reformists through a series of means, which eventually led to the failure of the reform. For example, she ordered the arrest of reformists and suppressed political reform forces.

In the Qing government, conservative officials resisted the political reform, and they interfered and obstructed the implementation of the political reform policy through various means. For example, during the Reform Movement of 1898, conservative officials Yang Chongyi and others repeatedly wrote against the reform, which led to the failure to implement the Guangxu reform policy smoothly.

The Reform Movement of 1898, also known as the Reform Movement of 1898, the Reform Movement and the Reform Movement, is a bourgeois reform movement represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao in the late Qing Dynasty, which advocated learning from the West, advocating science and culture, reforming politics and education systems, and developing agriculture, industry and commerce through Emperor Guangxu.

The limitations of the reformists themselves:

1, ideological limitations: reformists advocate learning from western advanced systems, but they have not completely got rid of the shackles of feudal thought. For example, Kang Youwei's Book of Great Harmony still advocates feudal ethics and lacks thorough democratic thought. This ideological limitation led to the failure of the reformists to form a complete set of reform theories with profound ideological foundation in the reform process.

2. Organizational limitations: The members of the reformists are complex, lacking unified organizational leadership and unable to form a powerful force. For example, during the Reform Movement of 1898, Liang Qichao and Kang Youwei, the reformists, fought their own battles and lacked cooperation. In addition, the reformists lacked the support and participation of the masses in the struggle against feudal forces and power, which made the reformists weak.

3. Limitations of strategy: Reformists adopted an overly peaceful and legal way in political reform, hoping to achieve their goals through top-down reform. This strategy makes the reformists lack effective means to deal with the resistance of conservative forces and power.