Who are the representatives of Mongols?

"Aobao" is a Mongolian transliteration, and Chinese means "Duizi". It is made of mud and stone, and it is an altar for Mongolian people to worship heaven and earth, ancestors or heroes. On the vast grassland, Aobao is a space-time coordinate and a symbolic cultural phenomenon in the grassland cultural system.

NO2。 Mongolian deer chess

Deer chess is a traditional Mongolian competitive entertainment project, which is called "Boge Jirige" in Mongolian. It is a favorite board game of Mongolian people, especially teenagers.

The pieces in deer chess are divided into deer (called "Bao Ge" in Mongolian) and dog (called "Heart" in Mongolian), and there are mountains (called "Wula" in Mongolian) and elements (called "Tara" in Mongolian) on the chessboard. According to the number of "mountains", the size of "originals" and the number of chess pieces, deer chess can be divided into two deer chess with 24 dogs and four deer chess with 64 dogs. What is widely circulated among the people is the deer chess of two deer and twenty-four dogs.

Third. blue

"Blue" is a traditional hunting tool of Mongolian people. It is a wooden stick with a bent head and a length of several tens of centimeters. Blue throwing is very popular in eastern Inner Mongolia. It is a sports activity evolved from traditional hunting production, and now it has developed into a formal competition of Nadam, a grassland event. There are three kinds of cloth roads: Jiru Genbu Road, Tugula Genbu Road and Haiya Mulabu Road.

Fourth place. mongolia xiangqi

Mongolian chess is one of the chess types handed down from ancient times. According to the records in Marco Polo's Travels, as early as the Mongol Khanate, Mongolians had the entertainment of Mongolian chess, which was passed down from generation to generation. Mongolian calls chess "Chatal". In order to distinguish it from China chess and chess, Chinese is called Mongolian chess.

Fifth place. bow and arrow

Bows and arrows are hunting tools and military weapons of ancient Mongols. Historically, archery was once regarded as a military training event for men, and then gradually evolved into a sports activity, which has been passed down to this day. Archery is one of the main competitive events in Nadam, a grassland project. The existing Genghis Khan Monument in Russia records the story of Genghis Khan's nephew Ye Songge shooting 335 miles on Nadam in 1225. It can be seen that archery has long been included in Mongolian sports competitions.

Sixth place. horse

Marseilles

Love horses and be good at riding is a tradition of Mongolians, who are known as "the nation on horseback". Horse racing is a traditional sport in Mongolian nomadic life and a review of animal husbandry production, which has been passed down from generation to generation. On the fertile grassland, Mongolian herders hold horse races on festivals such as Nadam and Aobao, so horse racing has a strong mass base in pastoral areas.

Seventh place. festival

Spring Festival is an important festival for Mongolians. Mongolians call Spring Festival "New Ji Le", which means New Year. People are more accustomed to calling it "Chagan Sari", which means "Baiyue". The title of "Chagan Sari" comes from the tradition of ancient Mongolians to celebrate the New Year in the autumn when water plants are abundant and cattle and sheep are fat. This season's white milk is like a spring, and this month is called "Cheese Month". Mongolians call cheese "Chaga", and the adjectives derived from this word mean "Chagan" and "white", so people call the first month of the year "Chagansari". Mongolians have advocated white since ancient times, believing that white is a symbol of nobility, holiness and good luck, so they call the beginning of a new year "Bai Yue".

Eighth place. horse head string instrument

Ma Touqin is the most representative musical instrument of Mongolian people, belonging to stringed instruments. It is called "Molin Lake" in Mongolian and "Chaoer" in ancient times. The title of Ma Touqin was not widely circulated until the Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to the History of Song Dynasty, "The five-stringed instrument was written in Shun, and the seven-stringed instrument was written in Wu ... until the Song Dynasty ..." Many scholars believe that Ma Touqin originated from Xiqin, a stringed instrument in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and it was widely spread among Mongolians in the13rd century. In fact, Ma Touqin was first formed in the "Xi" department of the northern nomadic Donghu people, hence the name "Xi Qin", also known as "Hu Qin".

When Mongolians talk about their beloved Ma Touqin, they always mention a touching Ma Touqin legend. A long time ago, there was a shepherd boy named Su He who lived on the grassland with his grandmother. One day, Xiao Su and he brought back a white pony that had just lost its maternal love. After careful care by Xiao Su and his grandmother, the little white horse grew up and became strong and beautiful. One year, the monarch will hold a horse racing meeting. With the encouragement of the villagers, Hema also took part in the horse race. As a result, Xiao Su and Xiaobai ran to the finish line first. Seeing the lithe pace of the little white horse, Wang Ye became greedy and wanted to keep the little white horse for himself. The prince called Xiao Suhe and said, "I'll give you three big gold ingots and leave the white horse to me. Go home quickly!" " After listening to the report, Xiao Suhe said angrily, "I'm here to participate in horse racing, not to sell horses. Seeing that someone dared to contradict him, the report sent someone to rob the little white horse and knocked Xiao Su and him unconscious. "。 Xiao Su and the villagers carried him home, but he missed the little white horse day and night. The little white horse is also attached to little Su He. One night, unwilling to give in to the tyrannical monarch, it ran back from the king, being shot several times and bleeding all over. The next day, the little white horse died of his injuries. Xiao Su and his sadness and anger made it difficult for him to sleep. One night, he came up to him in the dim light and said to him gently, "Dear young master, make a piano with my bones and muscles!"! "! So we can be together forever. "After waking up, Xiao Suhe made a piano with his bones, tendons and tail, and carved a horse's head on the top of the piano. This is how Ma Touqin was born. Melodious, melodious and beautiful piano music gradually spread throughout the grassland and has been passed down to this day.

Ninth place. wine

Kumiss is a unique Mongolian wine, which is called "Zige" in Mongolian. Koumiss wine is called "white jade pulp" in "Mongolian Eight Treasures". In the long-term practice, Mongolians have explored a set of methods, techniques and techniques for brewing koumiss. There are two production methods for brewing koumiss: fermentation and distillation. The wines brewed by these two methods have different tastes. Milk wine made by fermentation is soft and mellow, while milk wine made by distillation is slightly thicker.

Mongolians regard wine as the first drink. Pouring wine with respect is not only the embodiment of hospitality, but also the embodiment of blessing. When toasting, pay attention to dress neatly, toast with both hands or right hand, and give the guests three glasses of wine respectfully and devoutly. The three cups have their own words: the first is to thank God for giving us light, the second is to thank the earth for giving us good luck, and the third is to wish the world luck forever. After receiving the wine with both hands or right hand, guests should not drink it all at once, but dip the ring finger of their right hand in the wine and "hit it three times", that is, "May the blue sky be peaceful", "May the earth be peaceful" and "May the world be peaceful". Mongolians have placed the best feelings and wishes in the world with wine. The host offered three glasses of wine. The guests drank the first two cups and then the third. If the guests really can't drink, then take a sip of each of the three glasses of wine to show their gratitude and sincerity to the host. After drinking the wine offered by the host, the guests toasted the host. In some places, after drinking the wine provided by the host, the guests will pay back to the host. There are also some places that pay attention to two glasses of wine.

No. 10.ger

Mongolian yurts are the traditional folk houses of Mongolian people, and they are the crystallization of their diligence and wisdom. In fact, Mongolians call yurts "Geri", which can be translated as housing. The word "Bao" in Mongolian yurts now comes from Manchu, which means "home" and "house". Since the Qing Dynasty, the word "Mongolian yurt" has been handed down in the form of transliteration and has become the title of Mongolian traditional rooms today.

The yurt is round in appearance and arched at the top, which is very suitable for living in the plateau climate with little rain and windy sand. At the same time, there is no need to lay the foundation for building the yurt, just put the wooden structure of the yurt in a good position, spread the felt and tie it tightly. Therefore, yurts are also an environmentally friendly house, which can be said to be the best way to live for nomadic people who rely on grasslands to maintain their production and life.

The yurt is made of wood, wool, horse hair and camel hair, and consists of a wooden frame, felt and rope. According to the Black Tatar, there were two kinds of Mongolian "vaults" in the13rd century: Yanjing's system, with Vitamin bone, could be rolled up and opened in front, like umbrella bone, called skylight, which could be installed immediately. Grass system, with willow balls into a hard circle, diameter with felt tarts, can not roll Shu, car upload. " This is a detailed record of early Mongolian yurts.