What folk culture is there in Mount Tai?

Because it is close to Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius, the daily customs of Tai 'an people are most influenced by Confucian culture. At the same time, Mount Tai is a famous Taoist mountain, which has the greatest influence on the folk beliefs of Tai 'an people. Here are some common customs.

Grandma Taishan's birthday is in March of the lunar calendar 15, which is the most important folk activity in Tai 'an. At this time of the year, people who worship the mountain come from all directions, and people in Taicheng will go to almost every family. If tourists have the right time, don't miss it. You can feel the shadow of the ancient pilgrimage.

Dongyue Temple Association Dongyue Emperor's birthday is March 28th. Since the Song Dynasty, Mount Tai Temple Fair has been held at this time every year to offer sacrifices to Emperor Dongyue. The location is in Dongyue Temple, namely Dai Temple. In addition to offering prayers, later generations gradually increased business and entertainment activities to serve admirers from all directions. In Water Margin, Yan Qing played drums at the Dongyue Temple Conference in Taishan.

The current Dongyue Temple Fair will be held from May 6th to12nd, usually in the square on the west side of Daizongfang archway. In addition to normal religious activities, the contents of temple fairs are mainly economic and trade activities, tourism and cultural entertainment. In recent years, people from all directions have come in an endless stream, and there are more and more foreign businessmen and tourists.

The queen mother's birthday is on the third day of the third lunar month. At this time of the year, pilgrims come in an endless stream, including many from overseas, Hong Kong and Macao.

Funeral Taian pays attention to the handling of funeral. First, you should report your funeral to your relatives and friends. Set up a Peng Ling on a good day, and someone at the door is responsible for accounting. The money donated by relatives and friends should be published on the list. The more people come, the more money they donate, indicating that the popularity of the main family is better. The more donations from immediate family members, the more family unity. Respected. Every time a funeral is held, the immediate family members will mourn. The more people, the louder the voice, indicating that there will be more filial people. Finally, the host family will host a banquet for guests and friends to show their gratitude.

Tai 'an people and even Shandong people pay great attention to wine tables, especially in rural areas. First of all, sit in the right place. We must not make a mistake. Seats can be divided into main guests and deputy guests, as well as main guests and deputy guests. Generally, the seat facing the door is the main seat, which should be the main guest and the deputy guest, and the seat facing the door is the main guest and the deputy guest. When drinking, you usually use a few small glasses, but there are many kinds, such as "good brothers", "four blessings", "six six great harmony" and "twelve weeks". I don't know how much to drink if I'm not careful. Half of the country's liquor is produced in Shandong, and most people in Shandong drink well.

When you ask someone "Where are you from" in Tai 'an, you should say hello. Old Tai 'an people generally say that they are "Taicheng people". Influenced by Confucius, people in Tai 'an usually say "teacher" when greeting.

Have a baby. If the child is born in his own home, he should inform his relatives and friends first. Relatives and friends will come to visit, usually received by women at home. In the past, most families used a pair of small baskets to hold eggs and other items, covered with red cloth, and sent them to those who chose. Now most of them can send even nutrition. In rural areas, you can often see several aunts queuing up with bags and red cloth. After that, the host family will invite you back, and there is a nice name called "eating noodles".

The folk custom of wishing and wishing is an ancient custom of hundreds of miles in Fiona Fang, Mount Tai, Fiona Fang. According to the Records of Tai 'an County in the Republic of China, "Mount Tai is the first of the five mountains, and the holy temple is here, and it does everything it wants. Going up the mountain to pray is generally to pray for the grandmother of Taishan in Yuan Jun, Bi Xia at the Bi Xia Temple on the top of the mountain. " "The greedy seek wealth, the sick seek security, the tiller seeks longevity, Jia seeks profit, the living seeks longevity, and the childless seeks heirs." Make a promise to Yuan Jun. Once it is realized, it is necessary to honor the promise and implement the promise. Once you don't achieve your goal, pray again, and then make a wish when you are satisfied.

There are various forms of wishing, such as offering sacrifices, hanging robes and sending plaques, donating money to repair temples and planting trees.

The preparations for the pilgrimage are very complicated. Contact members, reduce membership fees, buy sacrifices, etc. Incense can be divided into "spring fragrance" and "autumn fragrance". Because the birthday of Emperor Dongyue is on March 28th in the lunar calendar, and that of Yuan Jun in Bi Xia is on March 15, incense is the most popular during this period. When you are ready, start the pilgrimage to the mountain. The general procedure of entering the incense is: "Starting, burning incense along the road, rushing to the fire, staying overnight, climbing the mountain, counting off (counting off in front of Mount Taishan Niangniang Temple), climbing to the top, guarding the frame, paying tribute, worshiping, going down the mountain, returning to the incense, returning home, driving safely and thanking the mountain".

There are three kinds of incense paper burned on the mountain: one is papyrus papyrus (locally called fire paper), the other is large denomination Ming coins with the Jade Emperor as the governor and the Dongyue Emperor as another governor, and the third is gold ingot with tin foil, paste paper and gold and silver. There is a "Bi Xia Yuan Jun Seal" in the Bi Xia Temple. Rich pilgrims can ask Taoist priests to stamp the paper.

Children beg the most in the mountains, all over the world. People who want boys will tie a Gymboree to the Bi Xia Temple, while those who want girls will tie a Gymboree. Make a wish to grandma Taishan.

There is a complete birth procedure of hundreds of miles in Fiona Fang.

The first is to choose an auspicious day. If you want to have children, your wife must come forward and ask the local "super mother" to choose an auspicious day of the zodiac with gifts and arrange a child-seeking ceremony.

The second is to prepare for the service. Mainly to buy incense sticks, fire paper, offerings, etc. There are two bowls of steamed bread, two plates-fish and eggs, and two fruit plates-dates and chestnuts. There are three incense burners lined up in front of the offering. Write the address of the child seeker and her husband's name on a red cloth strip, put it in a cardboard box folded with fire paper, and take the altar to supermom's son's house.

The third is to hold a ceremony. The woman who begged for a child lit three incense sticks, put them on the incense burner, and knelt on the altar with supermom. supermom begged Grandma Taishan to give her a child, and then burned the red cloth. Then, supermom continued to make incense, and then the woman who wanted children expressed her desire to make incense. Everyone took a jujube and chestnut to eat and knelt with supermom until all the incense was burned.

The fourth is to make a wish. If you really have children, you should make a wish at the nearby Taishan Grandma Palace (preferably at Taishan Bi Xia Temple).

If the prayer fails, try again, but "asking for a child is not enough."

Shi Gandang originated from the belief in Mount Tai Shi Gandang in most parts of China and even overseas Chinese cultural circles. Stone tablets or stone figures with the words "Mount Tai Shi Gandang" written on them will stand at the crossroads of roads and bridges, or be built in the walls of houses to ward off evil spirits and suppress disasters. Japan, Singapore and other countries also have this custom.

Besides the traditional festivals in China, such as Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Begging for Cleverness Festival (July 7th), Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival, there are also sunning and Buddha bathing festivals with strong local colors at the foot of Mount Tai.

The sun came from Mount Tai in Song Zhenzong, and the book was sent to Mount Tai on June 6, 2008, so Song Zhenzong closed the temple on a large scale. To thank God, we not only built the Temple of Heaven in Dai Temple, but also designated June 6th as the Temple of Heaven Festival. This festival has now been interpreted as a holiday for married daughters to go home to visit their parents, or a day to dry clothes and books.

The Buddha Bath Festival is on April 8th, which is said to be the birthday of Buddha Sakyamuni. On that day, the Buddha was bathed in water. This festival near Mount Tai has added the content of celebrating the birthdays of Dongyue Emperor and Bi Xia Yuan Jun. Trinity, the unity of Buddhism and Taoism, was very grand in ancient times.

Legend:

Grandma Taishan is swimming in Gulai.

Grandma Taishan went to Culai Mountain once when she chose a place. She found a large wasteland around Taipingding, which was full of all kinds of medicinal materials and more than 300 kinds of flowers and plants. Grandma Taishan likes this place and these flowers very much, so she named this place "Huapo". Having lived in Mount Tai for a long time, she goes to Culai Mountain to enjoy flowers every May.

When she came, she was pushed up the hill by a car, leaving rut marks on the hill. This is the origin of Rutting Mountain.

She thinks these flowers are very good, but they need to be managed well. So she brought a monk from Mount Tai to raise flowers and feed medicine for her at Huapo, so there is a mountain next to Huapo, which looks like a monk's head and is called "monk's head".

Monks water the flowers for grandma Taishan all the year round. The next year, grandma Taishan came again. The monk asked her several questions to let his old man find a way: first, there is not enough water here; Second, cows often come here to eat flowers. According to the monk's request, Grandma Taishan ordered two pools near Huapo, one called "Upper Pool" and the other called "Lower Pool" to water the flowers. People are often on the way into the mountains. When her robe sleeve shakes, two stones come out, called "Niushi". If the cow comes here, it will be caught.

In the third year, she came again and sat in a place to rest for a while. She saw many people going up the mountain to collect firewood, and their shoes were worn out. They wrapped it in kudzu root and Vitex negundo and continued to wear it. Grandma Taishan felt pity and felt that she should give some charity to the people, so she tore off a hair clasp on her head and said, "You have become an awl shoe for the people."

This hairpin turned into a sparkling cone-shaped mountain. She let kudzu vine and Vitex negundo walk around Cone Mountain, so that ordinary people can repair shoes.

Grandma Taishan went to the mountain, met the monk and said to him, "Your flowers are well-cultivated, but they haven't met my requirements."

The monk said, "The water in the upper pool and the lower pool is too big for the flowers. We must find a way to water the flowers without flooding them. "

Grandma Taishan threw her robe sleeve again, and a clear spring came out of the mountain. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, it always drips down to water the flowers bit by bit. It is now the "Didi Quanzi".

Grandma Taishan later felt uncomfortable looking at flowers like this every year, so she said to the monk, "Can you think of a way to make me stay comfortably for a few days every year?"

The monk said, "Ask those people below to build a Guanyin building for you!" " "

Grandma Taishan sent a monk to disguise himself as an ordinary person and asked the villagers to build a Guanyin building for Grandma Taishan. The common people offered stones and materials and built a Guanyin building on the flower slope.

Grandma Taishan thought that the people's efforts should be rewarded, so when the robe sleeves were thrown, a big crack appeared on the flower slope. There are two urns in the cracks, one is called "rice urn" and the other is called "noodle urn". Crops are planted in these two tanks, which yield a bumper harvest every year. The people went up the mountain to collect firewood, ate pancakes, wrapped a bag of rice and noodles from the urn with the baggage of wrapping pancakes, and went home.

Later, Grandma Taishan invited men and women around her to enjoy the flowers. Well, it's inconvenient to go to the toilet. Grandma Taishan dances in robe sleeves again, and three grotesque stones appear on the mountain, which is called "three people don't meet"

Grandma Taishan picked many flowers in Huashan and wanted to take them back, but she couldn't. One of her waitresses never said to her, "Didn't you bring a washbasin, a mirror and a comb box?" Can't we put the flowers in the comb box? "

Grandma Taishan said yes. When I opened the comb box, there was a comb and a hairpin in it. Grandma Taishan took the comb away, thinking that the hairpin was useless, so she threw it down the hill. After a long time, it becomes a stone that looks like a hair clasp.

Legend 2:

The Legend of Taishan Daughter Tea

According to legend, a long time ago, there lived a couple named Shan near Fanya, Mount Tai. They are over 500 years old and have no children. They depend on each other and make a living by planting a few acres of thin land on the mountain. Although they live a poor life, they are also safe.

When people are old, seven diseases and eight disasters come. One year, Laorenshan's wife was seriously ill. After trying every means to save her life, she owed the rich man five taels of silver from Yamashita. There was almost no rain all the year round, and there was basically no harvest in the fields. By the end of the year, rich rice people sent people to collect debts, and the old man couldn't even eat and had no money to pay off his debts.

The old man came to the rich man's house and told him his difficulties. The rich man said that if he paid back next year, even Bangladesh would have to pay back 200 taels, and the old man suddenly felt out of breath. When the old man walked near the Black Dragon Pool, he suddenly heard someone crying in front of him and saw a young woman crying to enter the Black Dragon Pool. The old man pulled the woman back to the shore and said to her, girl, you can't take things too hard. Don't look for such short-sightedness at a young age. The girl cried and told Shan Laohan what had happened to her. The old man took pity on the girl and said, if you really have nowhere to go and are not afraid of suffering, just come with me. My family lives in the mountains. There are no children at home, only an old lady. Life is poor, but not hungry. Such a lively and lovely daughter fell from the sky, and the old man was happy and his troubles disappeared. He led his daughter home, met his wife, and the family lived a quiet life.

However, whenever the old man thinks of the rich man's vague debts, he will frown again. The girl wants to share her father's worries. She knows that the leaves of Tung River under Fanya have the functions of clearing heat, diuresis and detoxification. If it is made into tea, it will be delicious and can cure diseases. On the same day, the girl went to collect a basket of paulownia leaves and tried to make tea. The old man tasted it, and it was really fragrant, sweet, soft and refreshing. The old man said, I think this tea is from Mount Tai, and you made it. Let's call it Taishan Daughter Tea. After the girl created her daughter's tea, the business in Taicheng grew bigger and bigger, and Miss Ye became a household name.

Who knows, the rice rich man heard that Shan Laohan's tea business was booming and there was a clever girl at home, so he came to Shan Laohan's house and said to the old man, "I heard that you made a fortune selling tea. Why don't you pay me back? Do you want to default? " The old man said, "I've saved enough for you and will send it to you early in the morning." The rich man added, "If you really have no money, I can help you. I think your daughter is quite beautiful, just be my fifth aunt. " The old man has long known the virtue of the rich man. He grabbed the pole and tried his best, but he was knocked down by the lackeys of the rich man. Girl Ye said calmly, aren't you an important person? I promise you, since you are going to get married, even if you are young, you should get married legally, at least hire a sedan chair. If you agree, you can get married in three days, otherwise you will wait.

Three days later, the rice rich man brought a group of people to get married. As soon as the girl got on the sedan chair, a gust of wind blew a dark cloud, and soon it began to rain heavily. The mountain torrents poured down and washed away the bridge, rushing the rice rich man and his gang into the Black Dragon Pool to feed the fish. At this moment, I saw the girl sitting in the clouds and leaving for Fan Cliff.

From then on, the old man made tea for a living, and the old couple lived a quiet life. It is said that Shan Laohan is not a Wujiazhuang native on the south bank of Wenhe River at all, but a Qingtong fairy on Mount Tai. She was ordered by Bi Xia Yuan Jun to promote good and punish evil, and help the old man.

Legend 3:

Taishan myth and legend: shepherd old man

Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor and ordered the reconstruction of Mount Tai. He wants to transform Xiaozhaozhen landscape on the top of the mountain from generation to generation into Bi Xia Yuan Jun Temple. In order to make it magnificent, all blue bricks and copper tiles are used. The project is so big, the mountains are high and the roads are steep, and the bricks are heavy and the tiles are heavy.

On the day when we started to transport materials to Daiding, there were hundreds of porters, but each person could only pick two bricks or two tiles. From the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, everyone was sweating and panting. In the first 18 set, I looked up and the track went straight up and down, and my legs were soft and dizzy. Everyone put down the pole and wanted to rest their legs and catch their breath. At this time, folk songs came from the mountain. That song is leisurely and complacent. The porters looked up and saw an old man holding a whip and herding sheep, singing and coming to everyone. He was followed by a group of goats like white clouds, all grazing leisurely. The old man herding sheep walked to the side of the road, cocked his head, looked at the pole, looked at the poor appearance of the porter and laughed. Laugh and continue to sing his "strange song":

"It's strange that this mountain is not as high as the small temple. Two legs are panting and four legs are free. "

Hearing this, the porter turned red with anger. Some said, "We are all so tired, and the old man still scolds us!" " Some people jumped up and tried to catch the old man and the reason ... but in a blink of an eye, the old man who was herding sheep disappeared without a trace; Look at that mountain, the goat like white clouds is gone. Surprised, they got together to think about the meaning of these four ballads. At the thought of this, everyone clapped their hands and laughed happily.

"oh! The old man must have been enlightened by Lu Ban. He laughed at us for being so stupid. Why not let our four legs carry these bricks? "

So, everyone threw down the pole, rushed the sheep, told one sheep to carry a brick, and one person caught up with a hundred sheep. It was fast and steady from the foot of the mountain to the top of the mountain, and the bricks were transported in two days.

Legend 4:

The myth and legend of Mount Tai: Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

There is a he jia zhuang in the south of Tai 'an, where there lived a father and son named He. They made a living by collecting herbs. There is also a rich man in the village who opened a drugstore and asked them to help him collect medicine. My father is in poor health this year, and my son seldom goes up the mountain to collect medicine because he takes care of his father. The rich man said:

"If you don't go up the mountain to collect medicine, I'll drive you away."

He's son had no choice but to take his sick father up the mountain to collect medicine. When we got to the mountain, my father said, "I'll take the east road, you take the west road, and we'll split up." "All right!" They broke up.

The old man climbed halfway up the mountain when it suddenly thundered and the heavy rain began to pour down. The old man's legs are weak and his stomach is faint with hunger. He was trying to find a shelter from the rain when he heard a child crying on the hill opposite him. The old man thought, why is the child crying in such a heavy rain? No matter how uncomfortable it is, save the child! I braved the rain and ran to the opposite mountain. At first glance, there was a little black boy, fat and loving, crying there! The old man was in great pain, so he took him to a cave. The child stopped crying and the old man fainted. When I woke up, I saw the child disappeared, holding a dark, sweet potato-like thing in my hand, which was very fragrant. The old man was hungry and ate this thing.

After a while, his son came and shouted, "Where have you been? It's raining so hard! " "

The old man replied in the cave, "Here it is! Here it is! "

His son came in and saw a young man with black hair inside, so he went up and slapped the man twice: "How old are you when you pretend to be my father?"

"I am your father, why don't you recognize me?"

The son looked carefully, and it was really his father. He said, "Why are you so young?"

His father told the story in detail. He said, "Do you think there is still half?"

His son took this thing down the mountain and looked for the gentleman in the drugstore. It turns out that the black thing is medicine. Because this medicine can make people's white hair black, it is called "Polygonum multiflorum Thunb" from now on.

Legend 5:

The Myth and Legend of Mount Tai: Sister Song

Once upon a time, there was a member named Ma in Majiazhuang behind Mount Tai. He communicated with the government and occupied the surrounding famous mountains and rivers. He is rich and powerful, bullying the people at will, robbing women, doing all kinds of evil and bullying in the village. Everyone in the village hates him. Because his surname is Ma and he is vicious, everyone calls him "Big Hornet".

Wasp has a guest motor, and he has a pair of 28-year-old yellow flower daughters. Although the two sisters were born in poverty and lost their mothers since childhood, they have heavy eyebrows and beautiful flowers. No one in the village praised the two golden phoenix of Motor.

Although the wasp is over 60 years old, he has long been interested in Ma's three sisters, and he is so happy that he can't wait to take them away. On this day, Bumblebee called Boss Ma to the hall and said, "Boss, I think your two daughters are old, and it's time to find a husband's family. I have long valued this relative for you. This man looks like me. He is rich. They used to have endless chickens, ducks and fish, endless silks and satins, and endless wealth. Boss, what do you think? "

Boss Ma knows he has ulterior motives. It was the weasel who paid a New Year call to the chicken, so he immediately said, "Thank you for your kindness. I have given my daughter to someone else. "

Bumblebee was shut out of the door. When he heard this, he got angry and shouted at Boss Ma: "To put it bluntly, I have to give it to your two daughters. I have to give it to them, or I have to give it to them. Unless they die tonight, they will get married tomorrow morning. "

When Mr. Ma heard this, it was like a bolt from the blue. His daughter was his lifeblood. How can he push them into the fire pit and give them something with a human face and a beast's heart? He begged bumblebee: "Mr. W, my family is poor and poor, and my daughter is ugly. How can I be worthy of your old man?" Please be merciful and forgive us. "

"Hum!" Don't be ungrateful. This is an engagement present. Go home and get ready. "Say that finish, put the horse out of the door.

The horse came home as if he had lost his soul. Bumblebee has sores on its head and pus on its soles. They are so bad that they can do anything. The boss was so anxious that he only hated that there was no way to go to heaven and no way to go to the ground, so he had to tell his daughter that the father and daughter were crying. The two sisters insisted on facing death, and the boss quickly persuaded them, "Your mother died early, and I raised you. If you die, what is the point of living without me? " He thought for a moment and said, "God never shuts one door but he opens another. It seems that the only way to become a monk is to go to Qingyun Temple in the last fifteen years. Don't blame me for being cruel, which your father can't do. The two sisters naturally know the hardships of becoming a monk, but when they look at their father with a sad face, he is old and weak. If his old man dies, who will take care of him in the future? The sisters had to agree. In the evening, the father and daughter went straight to Qingyun Temple.

They came to buddhist nun, visited buddhist nun's host and explained their purpose. The abbot said slowly, "Buddhism is open and good people come in." Here is the pure land of Buddhism, the Buddha is the master, the Buddha is blessed, and Amitabha! " Mr Ma settled down his daughter, politely declined to go to buddhist nun, and hurried back to the village in the evening.

Early the next morning, when the horse was preparing to work in the fields, it was stopped by a wasp. Bumblebee sneered, "Boss, Qingyun Temple is a good place. Hum! The Monkey King jumped a hundred miles, but he didn't jump out of the palm of Tathagata's hand. Everything on this mountain is my eyes and ears. If you want to escape from me, it's impossible! I want you to see your daughter marry me. " Say that finish, sit on the sedan chair, put on the horse, and a group of people rushed to Qingyun Temple.

It turned out that buddhist nun had an affair with the wasp for a long time, and the Ma sisters became monks. buddhist nun sent someone to report the wasp overnight. At this time, as soon as the abbot heard the arrival of the bumblebee, he went out of the mountain gate to meet him at a distance and treated him warmly. After the ceremony, Bumblebee said, "Master An, I want to borrow your Buddha's treasure to get married here temporarily. What do you think of buddhist nun? " The abbot quickly praised, "Thanks to your kindness, it is an honor for us in buddhist nun to get married here. I have asked Ma's sisters to freshen up. Please wait a moment. " Say that finish and bumblebee flirting with smile.

The wasp and the abbot were having a good dream when a little nun ran over and shouted, "This is a big deal!" " Master An, Sister Ma escaped and jumped off the cliff. "When the abbot panicked, the wasp was caught off guard.

Just now, Mr. Ma saw that the abbot and the bumblebee were old, and his heart was half cold. Now, when he heard that his daughter jumped off a cliff, it was even more painful. He couldn't help laughing: "Ha ha ha ... pure Buddhism, Buddha bless, go to hell!" " There is no road for the poor in this world. Daughter, wait for me. "Say that finish, a head goes to the table sweetmeats, touch dead in front of the bodhisattva.

The sisters of the Ma family, the nuns who used to help them dress up, were very sympathetic when they learned their life experiences, so they let them slip out the back door, but unfortunately they were found by the boss of Bumblebee and chased back. There is no escape in the vast forest. The two sisters ran and ran, and an abyss appeared in front of them. Seeing that the people behind them were about to catch up, the two sisters looked at each other and jumped off the cliff hand in hand.

Later, where they jumped off the cliff, two pine trees grew side by side, with branches connected and leaves connected, as if holding hands, so people gave it a very vivid name, called "Sister Song".