What is the custom in Japan?

1. Belief taboo Most Japanese believe in Shinto and Buddhism. They don't like purple and think it is a sad color. Most taboo green, think green is an ominous color. It is also taboo for three people to take a group photo together. They think it is an unfortunate omen to be caught between people on the left and right. Japanese taboo lotus, think lotus is a funeral flower. Camellia and pale yellow and white flowers are forbidden when visiting patients. Japanese people are reluctant to accept things or gifts with chrysanthemums or chrysanthemum patterns, because it is a symbol of the royal family. Japanese people like pine, bamboo, plum, duck, turtle and so on. Language Taboos Japanese people have many language taboos, such as suffering and death, and even some homophonic words are taboo. For example, the number 4 "is pronounced as death and 42" is pronounced as death verb, so hospitals generally do not set rooms and beds for 4 and 42. It is also forbidden to use 42 "for users' telephones, and there is generally no cell 4 in prisons. 13 "is also a taboo number.

The new year's labor, which began in the first month, is particularly valued by the Japanese. They chose an auspicious day to start working for good luck. At present, most Japanese government agencies and companies go to work on the fourth day and have a holiday on the twenty-ninth day of the twelfth lunar month. In rural areas, there is a hoe start, which refers to the ceremony for farmers to start working in the fields in the new year, also known as the beginning of agriculture, which means praying for a bumper harvest. Since ancient times, Japanese farmers in kanto region have had a field head in the direction of God from the early morning of the first day to 2008. They dug three shovels of soil, erected a pine branch in the ground, placed offerings under the pine branch, and prayed for a bumper harvest of rice in the early, middle and late seasons. Farmers in northern Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan feed birds and predict the quality of a year according to the pecking of rice by birds. More places begin to fertilize the fields from the Spring Festival, which is called initial fertilization.

Shanchu

In mountain villages, there are sayings such as "standing on the mountain" and "Chushan for an outing", which refer to entering the mountain for the first time in the New Year. The specific time varies from place to place. When you enter the mountain, you come to the tree to be cut down with newly woven straw ropes and rice cakes, tie the straw ropes, arrange the offerings and worship the mountain gods. The wood cut on this day was immediately used as fuel for Shen Nian or baking rice cakes, and some of it was reserved for decoration on the 15th day of the first month.

Ship startup

In the fishing village, there are also sayings about the beginning of the ship and the beginning of Cao. Generally speaking, fishing begins on the second day of the first month, or just a ceremony. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, the fishing boat is not cleaned, and branches, wine, washed rice and round rice cakes are relaxed in the middle of the boat to worship the ship spirit. The first fish caught in the new year is called the first fishing. We should hold the wish of fishing for the first time, and use these fish to pray for safe navigation and good harvest in four seasons for fishermen and ship gods.

Chushang

People who do business collect their accounts before New Year's Eve. They don't open the door on the first day, but they open it the next day. The shop is newly decorated and some goods symbolizing good luck are prepared for customers. This is called initial sales or initial business. In recent years, department stores in Japanese towns have changed to the fourth day of school. The first fish market and tea market in the New Year is called Chu Shi. The first time you go shopping is called the first time you buy something. New Year writing is called the beginning of a book.

Specific date

Many customs of China spread to Japan in the 8th century. The first day of the first month is the Year of Rooster, the second day is the Year of Dog, the third day is the Year of Pig, the fourth day is the Year of Sheep, the fifth day is the Year of Ox, the sixth day is the Year of Horse, the seventh day is the Year of Man, and the eighth day is the Year of Grain. Folk customs associate the first day to the eighth day with various animals or poultry. People think that this animal can't be slaughtered that day.

Xiaoyu Zheng Yue

The fifteenth day of the first month is called Xiaoyuanyi, and the Japanese cook adzuki bean porridge for the immortals in the morning. It is said that it can exorcise evil spirits for one year. Drink it while it is hot. This is called porridge festival or porridge beginning. In the past, this custom was very popular in Japan, but now it is more common in eastern Japan. Since ancient times, the Japanese believe that there are gods in adzuki beans that can strengthen life, and red represents a kind of magic, so red bean rice is often used for festive occasions.

The first dark day

The last day of the first month is called the first meeting day, also called the 30th day of the first month. The ancient Japanese believed that Shennian would stay in the world in the first month and return at the end of the month, so they attached great importance to the last day of the first month.

Yujie cuisine

In order to celebrate the New Year, every household should eat delicious food during the New Year, which is called "imperial holiday cuisine" by the Japanese, which means holiday dishes. Herring seeds are also one of them. Processed herring seeds. Slightly yellow, mixed with sugar and soy sauce, not only looks good, but also tastes crisp. More importantly, herring has the characteristics of spawning and hatching, which symbolizes "the prosperity of future generations".

Calligraphy test pen

In Japan, in recent years, the performance of "New Year Calligraphy Test Pen" is also very popular. Every New Year's Day, hundreds of thousands of calligraphy lovers from all over the country will go to the scheduled places to perform, and they have written many books. The scene is very spectacular.

Wu Chu

The first afternoon in February is called the first afternoon. The first noon is also Mirian Festival. At that time, the afternoon ceremony will be held in Kyoto's Daohe shrine and other places. People stop their work and present fried tofu to Daohe (God of Grains) to celebrate this festival. This season is precisely the day when Tian Shen goes down to the countryside. At this time, Japanese farmers should worship the gods, pray for a bumper harvest and start spring ploughing. Therefore, the Saturnalia factor of Millian's belief is combined with early afternoon.

In the afternoon of February, in addition to the Mirian Festival, horses are dressed up beautifully in rural areas all over Japan, leading them to visit shrines or Lingshan. Others go to Matou to worship Guanyin. Or put the rice cake on a horse's back made of straw to worship Taoist gods (most Taoist gods in Japan are carved figures). Standing at the entrance of a village or on the roadside, folk beliefs can exorcise evil spirits and eliminate disasters. Now it has become a god of attachment or a protector to protect the safety of the journey. In Nagano, Gunma and other counties, the famous sericulture district in Japan, a silkworm festival will be held on the first afternoon to worship the silkworm god. There are many popular beliefs about afternoon in Japan. For example, it is easy to catch fire in the early afternoon. The afternoon before February 5 must be a good year. There will be a bad harvest in six days and so on.

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

In fact, the Spring Festival in Japan is not necessarily in the afternoon of February. But it's usually in February of the lunar calendar. Autumn festivals are concentrated in September or November. The traditional Spring Festival actually means to wish a bumper harvest. Later, it gradually settled down in the early afternoon. The Mid-Autumn Festival is mainly to celebrate the harvest and thank God for his kindness. The two major sacrifices in the Spring and Autumn Period in Japan originated from the rice culture in the farming society. The Japanese believe that mountain gods and field gods appear alternately in early spring and February and autumn in October or November. The mountain god turned into a field god in spring and came to the field to bless the harvest. After the autumn harvest, it turned into a mountain god and returned to the mountains. Therefore, the Japanese people always thank them for their bumper harvest. It is worth mentioning that shortly after noon, Tian Shen belief became the fishing god in coastal fishing villages and the patron saint of commerce in towns.

The Japanese believe that men, women and children have to go through several hurdles in their lives. Nominal year, male 25 years old, 42 years old; Female 19 years old, 33 years old. Among them, men are 42 years old and women are 33 years old. Plus two years before and after, the parties should be cautious for three years to prevent accidents. In some places, in order to avoid disasters, hurdling ceremonies are held on New Year's Eve or at the beginning of spring. People mark their age, names and zodiac signs on firewood, and burn firewood symbolizing bad luck in shrines, especially in the stoves of Yoshida Shrine in Kyoto.

Japanese folks have the habit of talking since ancient times. People who pass the hurdle deliberately throw their wallets with as much money as their own age on the ground for beggars to pick up. It is said that this can eliminate diseases and disasters and prolong life. To this day, many Japanese people deliberately leave their wooden combs, hair clips or money at the T-junction or crossroads, hoping to be picked up by others to take away their bad luck. On the way to throw these things, even if you meet your neighbors and friends, you must not talk, otherwise the spell will be invalid. However, more Japanese people should entertain relatives, friends and neighbors when crossing the border, and the more tourists, the better, and rely on everyone's strength to exorcise demons.

Mourning Day (February 3rd or 4th): the day before beginning of spring every year. On this night, Japanese families will hold a traditional exorcism ceremony. While chanting the mantra of "ghosts go out, please come in", every household scatters beans inside and outside the house, which indicates that before the arrival of the new year, all monsters and disasters will be driven away and usher in a beautiful new life.

Girls' Day (March 3rd): This is a day to wish girls happiness in the future. On this day, people imitate the customs of the ancient court, decorate the girl's house with exquisite dolls and peach blossoms, and drink white sweet wine made of glutinous rice, praying that the little girl's life is as sweet and mellow as rice wine.

Boys' Day/Dragon Boat Festival: The fifth day of May is the boys' day in Japan. On this day, people will hang carp flags outside their homes and put samurai dolls at home. According to legend, this custom began in the samurai era. On the fifth day of May, I will make zongzi and cypress sticky cakes. Some families also hang zongzi on the patio, which is said to eliminate intractable diseases. Elsewhere, the fifth day of May is called the Women's Home. On this day, women can show off their arrogance. The custom of putting calamus and wormwood under the eaves was introduced into Japan from China.

Tanabata: Japanese bonsai began on Tanabata. Japanese Tanabata is developed from the folklore of cowherd and weaver girl in China. The Japanese call it Tanabata. Judging from the ceremonies held by the Japanese people, there are many ingredients in it. On this morning, Japanese girls want to wash their hair, inkstone, sacrifices and utensils. On this day, people all over East Japan make two horses out of thatch or real grass. Take them to the medicine field to eat grass in the morning, and then bring them back and hang them on the roof. People here believe that the souls of ancestors will ride these two horses to the world on this day. Tanabata in Japan corresponds to rice cakes welcoming the New Year, which is equivalent to announcing the beginning of bonsai.

Apart from the China New Year, the Mid-Autumn Festival is probably the most influential festival in Japan. The fifteenth day of January, July and October in the lunar calendar is what Taoism in China calls the upper, middle and lower ternary elements. After the Mid-Autumn Festival spread to Japan, it combined with Bonbon, an ancient Japanese court sacrifice, and developed into an important folk festival for ancestor worship. According to Japanese records, the Mid-Autumn Festival took root in Japan in the middle of the 7th century. Later, it gradually developed into a blue flowerpot club, including sweeping graves, doing things, and lighting river lanterns.

Ullambana Buddhist ceremony (July 15 of the lunar calendar, redemption of the souls of deceased ancestors)

The name of the Euglena basin comes from the Buddhist classic "Euglena Sutra". The main content of bonsai club is unique to Japan. Japanese temples recite the Koran every July. Yulan Bijing explains the primitive ancestor worship of the Japanese in theory. Although from the Buddhist point of view, bonsai is not a grand ceremony, but the Japanese regard it as a grand ceremony to worship their ancestors.

One of the ceremonies to celebrate the Kasahara Festival in ancient Japan was to give offerings such as white rice, white flour, sticky cakes, sugar and fruits to friends and relatives to pray for a smooth and safe life. According to custom, people whose parents are alive must send fish to their parents. In coordination with this jade welcoming ceremony, the custom of treating guests with lotus leaf rice in the Central Plains was derived, which made the Central Plains festival full of lively atmosphere that was sent to meet.

Central plains manners and customs

At first, the Central Plains was regarded as a festival where a kind donor offered Buddhist sacrifices to temples. Later, in the middle and late Yuan Dynasty, it gradually became a habit for samurai to give gifts to leaders.

In the18th and19th centuries, the gift-giving habit of Zhongyuan Festival became popular among ordinary businessmen. They often pay special visits and give gifts to important customers in the store during the Mid-Autumn Festival and at the end of the year. Whether ordinary people, warriors or businessmen give gifts, the biggest feature is to close the distance between them through semi-annual gift visits. Especially for samurai, the gift-giving ceremony of Mid-Autumn Festival is more unique? Quot "Don't be an enemy to anyone" means peace, indicating to the shogunate that "it will remain a loyal subordinate in the future". Businessmen, on the other hand, use the gift from the Central Plains as an excuse to ask for support from customers and patronize them frequently. They take buying people's hearts as their business and enjoy it.