What will happen to Muketu's marriage? How can civil couples avoid it?

How will Muketu get married? The marriage of young Yi men and women has always been the marriage of aunts and uncles, who never get married. The marriage of young men and women is generally the choice of parents or the words of matchmakers. That is, there is love between young men and women, which may depend on the above forms, which is the same as the "parents' orders, matchmakers' words" of the Han nationality. The traditional marriage customs of Yi people usually consist of the following contents: matchmaking, inferring the subordinate relationship between men and women, blind date, drinking engagement wine, splashing water to welcome guests, receiving relatives, holding a wedding (sewing bride's dowry, fasting and banning water when girls get married, proposing marriage, bride's parting ceremony, singing songs to retain, exchanging dowry, combing the bride's hair, touching the bride, seeing her off, marrying the bride, and combing the bride's hair by the man, etc. The bride and groom's new house, the distribution of dowry, the wedding songs sung in various procedures and at the time of marriage are also different from other singing methods, which are collectively called "mother history chapters", each with its own characteristics, uniqueness and rich cultural connotation. Many writers and artists have introduced the marriage customs of the Yi people, but they are all general and have not introduced them in detail. In order to have a deeper understanding of the connotation of marriage customs of Yi people and facilitate experts and scholars to further explore the mysteries of anthropology and humanities, the details are as follows.

First, the matchmaker acts as a matchmaker.

Fuxia (matchmaker) of Yi people generally refers to the middleman who matches the marriage between men and women. In the whole process of Yi people's marriage, there is a matchmaker to propose marriage. The matchmaker should not only discuss dowry and bride price, but also arrange the whole process of the wedding. In the past, matchmakers were usually respectable men and glib women. The matchmaker must understand etiquette, be good at rhetoric, improvise, and be able to accurately grasp the preferences and psychology of young men and women. Otherwise you don't deserve to be a matchmaker.

In the traditional marriage custom of Yi people, the matchmaker is usually hired by the man.

The Yi people's role and views on the matchmaker are as follows: "If it weren't for fog, the high and low peaks would be different;" If it weren't for the strong wind, all kinds of leaves would be difficult to pick; If there were no swift rivers, trees and beaches would be hard to kiss; If it were not for the matchmaker, men and women would not get married. "This shows the importance of the matchmaker.

At the same time, the concept of marriage and love of young men and women is: "There are rules for generations, and horses should be sold to buyers; A woman wants to marry a suitor. " Even if there is love between young Yi men and women, it is necessary to match the bridge through the matchmaker, and it is not allowed to make a private appointment for life. Therefore, the role of the matchmaker is to explain the family, family background and personality of both men and women to the other parents in detail, so that both parents can eliminate their ideological concerns and be sure that this marriage is appropriate and reliable. Moreover, the matchmaker also tries to tell the elderly on both sides about the bright future of this marriage, so that the elderly can recognize and support this marriage and let it be combined as soon as possible. If both elderly people agree with this marriage, the two sides will further discuss the details of this marriage and how much bride price to pay. After everything is settled, the two families who are going to get married will send their trusted people who are familiar with each other's family background to secretly investigate each other's details and verify whether what the other matchmaker said earlier is true.

Yi people have a saying about Bilgi's marriage (equivalent to China proverb): "If two families want to beat their in-laws, they have to know each other, and if they want to buy a good horse, they have to listen first". Therefore, once the two families who are going to get married agree to get married, they choose to book an "auspicious day" to discuss matters related to marriage.

It is entirely due to the matchmaker that young men and women can be married by the matchmaker. Yi people have a lot of descriptions of the matchmaker's glib tongue. For example, the matchmaker thinned his lips for two relatives/shuttled back and forth on both sides/lost ninety-nine hairs/ran around with his feet flat/gestured the sore muscles in his neck with his hands/several meals were empty/the golden rooster sang red for his happy mouth/the lark sang for his happy belly/the cuckoo built a nest for his happy belly/tied the knot on both sides/let a hundred flowers blossom/had a good year without autumn/. From the lyrics of these matchmakers, we can see the importance of matchmakers and the special role they play in the whole marriage.

Although free love has existed throughout the ages, after all, many marriages are concluded through the words of matchmakers. This matchmaker is the matchmaker. A matchmaker in Yi history is Teng Mo. Schnaught discovered Waggak machine in history, but he searched for it for three years and couldn't find it, but he bought it for three years and didn't buy it. Finally, with the help of Tengmo, Schnault married the Zi Nishi girl from the eastern tribe and agreed to give her to a cow as a bride price. The bride will send a good horse and some food when she comes home. When a woman marries a man, she realizes that her wife lives in her husband's house, and the child can see her father from now on. This is how the matchmaker in the history of the Yi people came.

Second, male and female zodiac speculation

Yi people think that there are good and bad days and auspicious days. Therefore, the activities of building houses, working, storing things, hunting, bearing battles, moving and settling down, marrying, celebrating festivals and so on of the ancient Yi people should be inferred according to the running laws of the sun, the moon and the stars in time and space recorded in the calendar and the relationship between them. The Yi people, called Kuseledong, chose an auspicious day.

If young men and young women want to get married, they should first look at whether their animal signs match. It is necessary to speculate not only on the zodiac signs of young men, but also on the mother's own zodiac signs of young men and women. At the same time, it is also necessary to speculate whether the zodiac signs between women and mothers and the zodiac signs, life palaces and orientations between two young men and women are compatible with each other. The specific "auspicious day" for future marriage is still based on the birthdays of the bride and the bride's mother.

Generally, the marriage age of Yi girls is nine, eleven, thirteen, fifteen and seventeen. The year of marriage for men and women is two years for men and one year for women. In ancient times, the toast and the men in black thought that their life palace was hard and they were not afraid of taboos. Usually, boys get married even and girls get married odd, but ordinary people think that their fate is not as good as that of toast and men in black, and they are generally married. Among them, nine years old, eleven years old, thirteen years old and fifteen years old are excellent, seventeen years old is medium, and those who get married after this age are inferior.

The better wedding date is from September of the first year to February of the second year, and the specific days are four days of cattle, dogs, dragons and rats. Sheep, tigers and monkeys usually get married for three days; In addition, it is not allowed to get married on five days of pigs, horses, rabbits, snakes and chickens, because these five days are traditionally considered unlucky days. Once married, the bride will collide with the "Tiangou", which will bring inconvenience to the life of husband and wife in the future. And it will cause bad results for their children or future generations, and it is not good for the survival of the bride and groom. Therefore, Yi Yi's Er Bilgi said: "If we don't make a good day in advance on the day of making spiritual cards, weddings, building houses and going out for war, our future generations will not be full, our crops will not be abundant, our four animals will not flourish, and even our families will be ruined." It can be seen that the general Yi people attach importance to and pay attention to the speculation of the genus.

Yi people calculate whether the bride and groom belong to the same zodiac (called Popol variegated by Yi people). Rats and horses, cows and sheep, tigers and monkeys, chickens and dragons and dogs, snakes and pigs are generally not allowed to marry. Traditionally, Yi people think that the most suitable animals are cows, snakes and chickens. Dogs, horses and tigers; Monkeys, dragons, mice; Rabbits, pigs and sheep are divided into four groups. Rats and cows, tigers and pigs, dogs, dragons and chickens, snakes and monkeys, horses and sheep. The remaining monkeys and mice, dragons and pigs, rabbits and sheep, tigers and horses, dogs and snakes, chickens and cows can barely get married.

From the above situation, the Yi people think that dogs, horses and tigers are the most suitable; Cattle, snakes and chickens are the most suitable; Rabbits, pigs and sheep are the best; Monkeys, dragons and rats are the most harmonious. It can be seen from these four groups of related zodiac signs that as long as there are two of the three zodiac signs, one or two of them can get married. But pay attention to whether there is any collision between the three animals. If there is a collision, find the same one, put it together first and then divide it. For example, if you want to find two sieves, two nests, two pears and other daily necessities, please leave Bimo after coming to show that the two colliding palaces of life are separated, so that you can get married.

In addition, when calculating whether the bride and groom are in the same zodiac, Yi people should use the birth dates of both men and women to determine the calculation.

The algorithm is as follows: men calculate from south to left, and women calculate from north to right. Men should start from the south, then guess in the order of southwest, west, northwest and north, and women should count in the order of north to northwest, west and southwest. If two people's life palaces meet in the southwest, south and southeast, they are considered to collide on the water (bridge head), and one side will be squeezed into the water because of the narrow bridge deck, which is in danger of death. Among them, the man's style is often higher than that of the woman, so the man was knocked into the water to make way for the woman and died first. Yi people think that this kind of genus matches, the result will not be good, and the husband and wife will not grow old together.

If the collision between northeast and northwest belongs to a tree, there is not much danger, and this genus can barely get married; If there is a collision, the Yi people think that it is dangerous to be on the top of a tree or on a rock. Even better, they shouldn't get married. If they get married, they must invite Bimo to eliminate the ominous signs and avoid accidents.

In the life of the Yi people, if the bride and groom get married at an inappropriate time, they can get married around the Spring Festival of the following year, because this time is in the middle of the handover of the first year and the second year, which is the time to guess the zodiac, so in the Yi people, it is inappropriate to get married at this time.

At the same time, couples who have decided to get married speculate on their animal sign and age. When the mother-in-law and the bride get married, if their lives are in the same direction, the Yi people think that if two people go in the same direction, the bride will squeeze out one person and the mother-in-law will leave (in theory, she will go out alone), which means that the new bride will drive away the mother-in-law, and the old one will alternate. This year, the mother-in-law is sick. In order to guard against this situation, after the bride takes it back, her mother-in-law will take the groom with a sheepskin pocket to fry noodles, and the groom will also walk evasively on the other side of the bride's road with a long knife. After the procession to send the bride has passed, the mother and son will come back in the footsteps of the bride. This is often called "stepping on a horse's footprints" (the Yi people call Zaebony the capital). At the same time, if the age of the married girl or the orientation of the zodiac and the palace of life are puns, the bride's family thinks that the bride may take away the goddess of wealth or fertility from her family, so that her family will be affected. Therefore, two days before the wedding, the person who sent his daughter away should choose a day to buy pigs or sheep, and then ask Bimo to make a ceremony of "keeping the god of wealth" for the bride and her family, so that Bimo can call the god of wealth back from the bride, and there is a rule that all the expenses spent this time are called the groom's family expenses. Generally speaking, the groom's family wants the full amount.

Yi people speculate that the age of marriage is similar to that of Han people, with little difference. For example, there are several kinds of marriages: marriage direction (self-denial), gold, northern non-water, oriental wood, southern butyl fire, and earth. Fire and water can't go north, and its life is soil and water; Gold can't go to the east, because gold is water; Wood can't, because wood is soil; Fire can't go west, because fire can make gold. Those who have the above-mentioned life palace and zodiac sign cannot be husband and wife, and marriage is prohibited.

In the traditional concept, when the Yi people speculate on the zodiac of the bride and groom, that is to say, it is the same as the Han people's speculation. It is also based on gold, wood, water, fire and earth. For example, when the groom's zodiac is "gold" and the bride's zodiac is "wood", it is generally incompatible; The groom's zodiac is "wood" and the bride's zodiac is "earth", so she can't get married; The groom's zodiac sign is "fire" and the bride's zodiac sign is "water", so they can't get married because water can fire. Therefore, it is extremely strict to calculate whether they get along, and it is forbidden to get married if they don't get along. No matter how good the relationship between the bride and groom is, no matter how close the two families are, and no matter how good the families with various conditions are, we must give up completely. For example, uncles and cousins passed down from generation to generation by the Yi people will give up their marriage if they have the priority of marriage. Because the elders have to consider the problem of successors, the Yi people are very particular about calculating the zodiac. "When sheep and rats meet, white horses are not afraid of green cows, tigers meet snakes like knives, golden roosters meet dogs like knives, dragons and rabbits are in the clouds, and pigs and apes don't get married." "Rat's eyes are far from each other, cattle and horses are at first sight, and dogs are not close to snakes. How dare chickens join the herd? How dare sheep monkeys choose Longmen? "

In addition to the above aspects, the Yi people's speculation method is the same as that of the Han people's marriage: "Once the mouse and sheep meet, the rabbit will not see the dragon for a long time, the white horse will not see the green cow, the tiger will see the snake like a knife, the golden rooster will not see the dog, and the macaque will see the pig's tears." Therefore, Yi people often say that these zodiac signs can't be married, and family feelings are generally incompatible after marriage. Husband and wife often quarrel and fight, and life is very difficult and hard, which often leads to divorce, in-laws becoming enemies and tragedies. This is a speculation about the marriage genus of Yi people.

(To be continued)

A touching short film of Yi wedding, in which the wedding of Yi beauty in Jiulong County is the most touching.

That's what it feels like to marry Muktu. It's about the sharing of Yi people. After reading how civil couples avoid each other, I hope this will help everyone!