Which city in China is the most hospitable?

Turks in Qinghai province are the most hospitable.

Tu nationality is one of the ethnic minorities in China. It is also one of the main ethnic groups in Qinghai. Claiming to be "Chahan Mongolian", "Mongolian manhole", "Tukun" and "Tujia"; Han, Hui and other ethnic groups call them "natives" and "natives"; Tibetans call it "Tang"; Mongolians call it "Chahan Mongolia" (White Mongolia). In China's history books, Tu people are called "Xining natives" and "natives". After the founding of New China, it was unified into the Tu nationality. There are19120,000 Tu people in Qinghai province, mainly living in Huzhu, Minhe, Datong and Tongren counties. Tu nationality has its own national language, belonging to Mongolian family of Altai language family. However, there was no Mandarin before, and I used Chinese and Tibetan for a long time. The local language was created in 1979 and is now being implemented and popularized. Historically, the Tu people once believed in Shamanism, a primitive religion, and began to believe in the Gelug Sect of Tibetan Buddhism after the middle of the Ming Dynasty. At the same time, they are also deeply influenced by Taoism. Tu nationality used to be a nomadic people, and gradually changed into a farming people from the Ming Dynasty. Historians often say that the Tu nationality was formed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties with the descendants of Tuguhun people as the main body, and after a long historical evolution, it integrated Mongolian, Tibetan, Han and Hui ethnic elements. However, some people think that their ethnic origin mainly comes from the integration of Yinshan Shishu, Tuguhun, Xi or Shatuo Turkic, and they entered Mongolia in Qing and Tang Dynasties together with White Tatar. Before the founding of New China, Turks suffered from discrimination and oppression. After liberation, under the brilliant light of the national policy of the party and the state, the Tu nationality gained a new life and made great progress in various undertakings. Now, we are working hard with our brothers towards the grand goal of modernization. Turks are a very hospitable people. When guests, especially distinguished guests, come to Turkish families, the whole family often go out to entertain warmly, and sometimes villagers will take the initiative to help. The hospitality of the Turks is unique. When guests come to the door, the host usually greets them outside the door. When necessary, he holds a simple welcoming ceremony, toasts the guests and presents Hada. Then bring a fat and big sheep and let the guests sprinkle water on its head. If the sheep shakes its head, it means that the "Dragon King Mountain God" is happy and can slaughter the sheep to entertain guests. If the sheep don't shake their heads, it means that the "Dragon King Mountain God" is unhappy and can only kill chickens, not sheep. But under normal circumstances, a pot of cold water is suddenly poured on the sheep's head, and the sheep will shake their heads and splash water. After the guests entered the room and sat on the kang, the host put fragrant milk tea and crispy dry pot (a kind of pasta) at the top for the guests to eat and drink, and there were two red dates in the tea bowl. If the guests don't want to drink tea, they should eat the dates in the bowl, otherwise the host will keep adding tea to the bowl. Then, a hearty meal is served to entertain the guests. There will be drinks during dinner. When drinking, the window of the room is held high, and the host and the young men and women in the village form a circle in the yard, singing and dancing, and warmly toasting the guests. While watching the beautiful dance and enjoying the sweet dance music, the guests drink with the host. When drinking happily, the host and guests greet each other. The lyrics are full of gorgeous words. For example, the host praised the guests' virtue as blue sky, deep feelings as the sea, aspirations as the eagle, knowledge as the sea and so on. The guests praised the host's hospitality and the depth of the ocean, and praised the host for putting a baby-like plate on the sandalwood table, which contained fat and mellow mutton and a golden small handless cup filled with highland barley wine. When the guests got up and left, the host and his family went out to see them off. When leaving, the host will also toast the guests with a dragon bowl, wishing them good luck and a safe journey. The ability of singing and dancing when marrying the Tu nationality is not only manifested in daily life, but also in the complete and joyful singing and dancing of young Tu nationality men and women. Turks are monogamous. The status of women is relatively high, and the relationship between men and women is generally harmonious. Because women are the main labor force, husbands respect their wives more. Women participate in the control and use of property to a great extent. In some places, even women are in power. Weddings of Tu people are generally divided into marriage proposal, engagement, gift giving, wedding, thank-you banquet and other procedures. The ceremony was grand and warm. Propose marriage Whether it is free love or parents' decision, it is the man's parents who ask the matchmaker to propose marriage to the woman's family. Matchmakers are mostly men, so it is generally necessary to invite prestigious elders in the village or people who are related to the woman's family to facilitate reconciliation. When proposing marriage, the matchmaker should prepare a pair of steamed buns, steamed flower rolls and two bottles of wine to be delivered to the woman's house. If the woman's parents agree to this marriage, they will accept the bride price and warmly entertain the matchmaker. Otherwise the matchmaker will be brought back. Engaged. After the woman's family agrees, please ask all parents and invite the father or uncle of the man's family to discuss the engagement with the matchmaker. The man needs to bring two packs of Fuzhen tea, three bottles of wine, a hada and two steamed buns as gifts for eating and drinking. I gave the woman's father a bag of tea and her mother a robe. Give some gifts at the same time. In the process of discussing the ceremony, the woman's family began to deliberately ask for a lot of bride price. At this time, the matchmaker and the father or uncle of the man's family frequently propose toasts to the elders of the woman's family, saying good things and reducing the number of bride price to the most appropriate level. Send gifts. After engagement, the man's family asked the matchmaker to give gifts to the woman's family in batches. However, the main gifts should be delivered three months before the wedding so that the woman can sew clothes. Gift money is divided into dry gifts, clothes and jewelry, and some are all gifts. Clothes are chosen and sewn by women themselves. According to the traditional customs of the Tu nationality, the son-in-law does not go to the woman's house before marriage. Now on holidays, we should not only go, but also give gifts to the woman's family. Choose an auspicious day. Most marriages of Tu people are held in the first month of each year. About a month ago, this man held an auspicious ceremony for the first time. Tu people call the wedding banquet "fire", and auspicious days call it "please let the fire serve", that is, the first banquet. Attend the first banquet on an auspicious day, including the woman's father, uncle or brother. And the man also invited people to dinner on a reciprocal basis, plus the matchmaker, about seven or eight people, and * * * invited God to choose an auspicious day. Get married. The day before the wedding, it was the wedding reception of the woman's family, which was called "maze" by the Turks. The woman's family, relatives, friends and neighbors all gave gifts. The woman's family gave a banquet, put on a dowry, publicly confessed the bride price given by the man, how many pieces of clothes were sewn, the dowry of the woman's family and so on. At this time, the girl wanted to cry without tears, and the words of crying for marriage were euphemistic and touching, thanking the mountain gods, landlords, elders, villagers, parents, brothers and sisters for their nurturing grace and deep friendship. At the beginning of "Ma Xuan", the man's family entrusted the matchmaker to send 30 Jin of meat (usually a pig's front leg and four ribs), three bottles of wine, two steamed buns and a steamed flower roll. The matchmaker discussed the way to send the bride, and rushed back to the man's house on the same day to tell him everything about the wedding preparations. In the evening, the man sent two "Naxin" (wedding people) who are good at singing and dancing, prepared a big horse, and brought a live sheep, three bottles of wine, three steamed buns and clothes worn by the bride when she got on the horse to the woman's house. Relatives, friends and neighbors of the bride's family swarmed, scrambling for gifts, and then singing and dancing at the gate. In the song, Na Xin deliberately mocked the horse brought by Na Xin as a donkey, and the mutton was "rotten meat", while Na Xin used the song to defend himself, boasting how handsome his horse was and how delicious the mutton was. Jumping, into the door to meet "Na Xin". At this moment, a man hiding behind the door suddenly poured a big pot of cold water on Na Xin who just entered the door. If "that heart" is smart, it will often run away; I couldn't dodge, and a pot of cold water splashed from head to foot. Entering the gate, we were greeted by a duet. After the singing, Na Xin was invited to the hot kang, sat by the warm brazier, and then used a golden dragon bowl filled with highland barley wine to propose a toast to Na Xin. Then treat the married person to a big dinner. During the dinner, firewood was piled in the middle of the yard, and young girls and daughters-in-law began to sing around the fire again, praising how beautiful their girls were, how well they danced, how beautiful their songs were, and the "heart" spared no effort to praise how handsome their boys were and how excellent their work was. Singing and singing, often from dawn until late at night. Before dawn the next day, the bride dressed up, covered her head with layers of beautiful colorful scarves, and got on the horse and set off. The bride's relatives scattered a pair of red chopsticks in the yard, and the mother threw the clothes worn by the bride out of the wall, indicating that the girl was married. The bride came to the groom's door, surrounded by people who attended the wedding and sent their relatives away. First, the groom greeted her with wine and Hada, lifted her up and dismounted. Behind him, a girl stood at every step, one with a small handleless wine cup and a hip flask, toasting the guests who were going to see him off. When the bride and groom enter the door, a young daughter-in-law leads the way with a big red carpet, and the bride is led by the groom to enter slowly. Married, with the joy of victory, carrying the bride's dowry, walking and singing. Said: "multicolored brought, gold and silver treasure brought, the beautiful bride got married." There are two ways for Turkish girls to get married, one is called "small out and small in" and the other is called "big out and big in". The so-called "small out and small in" means that the bride will change her hair style when she arrives at her husband's house. This way is more complicated and solemn. The so-called "great progress" is to change your hair style at your mother's house immediately after you arrive at her husband's house and worship the world. This way is simpler and easier. In the way of "small out and small in", the bride must sit on the "scroll" at the specified time. That is, nine auspicious items, such as scrolls, cypress branches, Buddha lanterns, milk, red chopsticks, poria tea, grain and wool, are placed on the table in the first room. Na Xin sang "Sister Yi" in front of the main hall, swinging the skirt of the brown shirt. The bride was carried three times by her brother along the ring groove in the courtyard with white felt or red felt, and then went out to get on the horse. In the way of getting married, Na Xin can put on a bride instead of singing the song "Yi Jie", and walk around the annular groove three times accompanied by her mother or sister before going out and getting on the horse. When the Turkish brides in Minhe Sanchuan area get on the horse, the aunts will sing the song of getting on the horse. The bride goes to her husband's house, and her sister is the maid of honor. The bridesmaid will go back with the farewell party on the same day, and the bridesmaid will wait until the third day after the bride and groom get married. After the ceremony, the bride's brother, brother, brother-in-law, uncle, etc. Form a farewell party (the "red cut" of the Turks) and send it home. In the passing villages, all the married maiden girls should wait by the roadside with hip flask and wine glasses in their hands, say hello and propose a toast to the red man's car. Hong Ren cut into the man's house, lined up neatly, and sang La Rollo. The man sent two people to propose a toast to welcome the guests, which is called "Smotoshu" in Turkish. When we arrive at the men's gate, we should propose a toast and present Hada. On the Eight Immortals table in front of the door, "Simili" (fried noodles and butter sculpture) and a bowl of cypress milk are swinging. Beside the square table stood a wooden bucket full of bran and an arrow tied with Hada, which is called "Baddary" in Turkish. As a sign of good luck, Hongren dipped the chest with cypress branches, spread them in all directions, sang and danced, and sprinkled bran around the square barrel. There are four piles of wheat straw fires in the four corners of the courtyard, and a pine shed is lit on the round groove in the center of the courtyard, which is full of red. When the bride entered the gate, there were two young women pulling a red or white carpet in front. The bride and groom followed the carpet, male left and female right, holding a doll made of red cloth in their hands, and slowly walked into the yard side by side. If it is "small out, small in", the bride will go to the kitchen god, and the pre-selected woman will comb her hair, change her hair style, wear wedding clothes and talk. At the opening ceremony, a woman who was also selected in advance walked around the bride with a rolling pin wrapped in red thread in her hand. She said, "Speak freely, bride. Don't talk outside at home. Don't talk nonsense outside at home. Shut up, so as not to mess around ... "