Biblical archaeology: the study of biblical sites and cultural relics

The field of biblical archaeology includes the study of biblical handicrafts, such as the Dead Sea scrolls. Look here. Lerner Vadim/Shutterstock), and the definition of biblical archaeology varies from scholar to scholar, and usually includes some combination of archaeology and biblical research.

Biblical Archaeology Review magazine defines biblical archaeology as "a branch of archaeology that deals with the archaeology of biblical land and tells us the historical understanding of the Bible and/or biblical events."

Other definitions include the specific geographical area under study. For example, Eric Klein, a professor of classical literature, anthropology and history at George Washington University, wrote: "Biblical archaeology is a sub-field of the larger Siro-Palestinian archaeology, which covers the whole area of modern Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. In his book Biblical Archaeology: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2009). [Holy Land: Seven Amazing Archaeological Discoveries]

Specifically, it is archaeology that reveals the stories, descriptions and discussions in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament. These stories, descriptions and discussions began at the beginning of 2000 BC, from the time of Abraham and Patriarch to the Roman period of 1 0,000 BC. Klein wrote:

Some scholars have expanded the geographical area covered by biblical archaeology to include Egypt, Mesopotamia and Sudan. Most scholars have also noticed how this discipline combines archaeology with biblical studies. William Defoe, emeritus professor of Judaism and Near East Studies at the University of Arizona, wrote in routledge (20 10).

Some archaeologists don't like to use the word "biblical archaeology" for fear that it sounds unscientific. Because of what scholars did decades ago, biblical archaeology has a bad public image in some aspects, "wrote Aremel, a professor of archaeology at Belan University in Israel. In the chapter "Historical Bible Archaeology and the Future: New Pragmatism",

Meyer explained that early scholars in this field often had prejudice and tried to connect the Bible with their archaeological discoveries, but failed to admit the situation outside the Bible text.

Today, most biblical archaeologists believe that the connection between archaeological discoveries and the Bible needs to be cautious, and admit that the Bible is not completely accurate in history.

Major archaeological sites and discoveries There are many important biblical archaeological sites and cultural relics, but a few people are more famous than others.

The Dead Sea Scrolls consist of fragments of 900 manuscripts, which were found in the 12 cave near the site of Kumran in the West Bank. They contain some of the earliest known copies of the Hebrew Bible, including calendars, hymns, community rules and apocryphal (non-standard) texts. One of the scrolls, carved on copper, has a list of hidden treasures.

Another important biblical discovery is the Maniputa Monument, also known as the Israel Monument. Found in Luxor, it contains the earliest name "Israel". Carved around 1207 BC, it includes a series of places in the eastern Mediterranean, which the Egyptian Pharaoh Maniputa claimed to have conquered. Pharaoh said, "Israel has perished, and so have his descendants."

Megiddo is an ancient city in Israel, which has been occupied for 6,000 years and is mentioned many times in the Bible. The city has a Greek name "Doomsday". According to the apocalypse, in the last days, the forces of good and evil will fight a big battle in Megiddo.