Mazu belief everywhere

Pure gold Mazu statue of Nannan Temple in Suao Town, Taiwan Province

Mazu belief is one of the most common Han folk beliefs in Taiwan Province. From the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Han immigrants crossed the Taiwan Province Strait from the southeast coastal area of China, and there were frequent maritime activities in Taiwan Province Province. After the East Asian trade activities in the period of Jose in Taiwan Province Province and the maritime armed merchant groups in the Ming and Zheng Dynasties, Mazu became one of the most commonly believed gods in Taiwan Province Province. Mazu Tempel can be seen in every street, mountain and sea settlement and metropolis. In Taiwan Province province alone, there are "5 10 Mazu Tempel, including 39 temples whose history can be tested, including 2 temples built in Ming dynasty and 37 temples built in Qing dynasty".

Hong Kong

Mazu is called Tianhou in Hong Kong, and the water people in Hong Kong are called Grandma. There are Tin Hau Temples all over Hong Kong, among which Stanley Tin Hau Temples is the oldest on Hong Kong Island, and many citizens gather to burn incense every year. Outside Hong Kong, in Chiwan, Nantou Peninsula, Shenzhen, there is also Chiwan Tianhou Palace (Tianfei Palace in Ming Dynasty) related to Zheng He. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, many people on the water went to this temple to pay homage.

In Hong Kong, all kinds of Tianhou Palace are often based on floating theory. If the main card and wooden statue of the queen of heaven are found on the coast, people will set up temples on the spot and regard them as gods. This is different from Tianhou Palace in Fujian and Taiwan Province, because the gods came from here, and there is no affiliation between temples. Tianhou, from village to village, is an independent individual. For example, the Tianhou Festival in our village will invite Tianhou from nearby villages to see it. 1The MTR Hong Kong Island Line Station completed in March 1982 was also named after Tin Hau.

Macao

Mazu also has a considerable number of people in Macao. The most prominent example is that the Portuguese name "Macau" of Macau is transformed from the word "Marco Temple". The Ming Dynasty called it "Ama Port". /kloc-The place where the Portuguese landed in Macau in the 6th century is next to Marco Temple, and the word "Macau" in Portuguese is homophonic with "Kyle".

Fujian Province

Fujian, the birthplace of Mazu, is the most prosperous place of Mazu belief. Only in Putian, Mazu's hometown, there are more than 100 Mazu Tempel. Before the Republic of China, there were dozens of Mazu Tempel in every county along the coast of Fujian. Today, there are still a large number of Mazu Tempel in all parts of Fujian, with strong incense. Mazu culture even goes deep into Hakka mountainous areas in the inland of western Fujian. Three sites in Mazu Tempel, Fujian Province are listed as national key cultural relics protection units.

However, during the Cultural Revolution, Mazu belief was severely hit, and many temples and statues were destroyed. For example, the temples and related cultural relics on Meizhou Island, the birthplace of Mazu belief, were completely destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, including the split aunt. Only a few temples, such as Wenfeng Palace in Putian, hid Mazu statue in an ancient well in the suburbs during the Cultural Revolution and kept it all the time. Tianhou Palace in Quanzhou was once used as a factory, so it escaped the fate of being destroyed. After the reform and opening up, folk beliefs gradually recovered, coupled with cross-strait exchanges and United front factors, Mazu beliefs became active again. Due to the unique custom of "burning incense and cutting fire" in Mazu belief, Mazu Tempel, Taiwan Province, donated money to Meizhou to build palaces or memorial archways in order to increase contact with ancestral temples, which led to the rapid increase of Mazu religious buildings on Meizhou Island.

Xiamen Shen Xiao Palace is located in Shunji Palace, He Shen, Xiamen. It was founded in the Song Dynasty and is now located in Zhonglun Nursery. There have been many reconstructions in history, and the last one was in 1993. Overlooking Shen Xiao Palace from a height, surrounded by green trees, surrounded by green trees, flowers are in full bloom. Walking into Shen Xiao Palace is like walking into a green world and a sea of flowers. All kinds of flowers and trees are strewn at random, which makes people feel relaxed and happy.

Guangdong

The largest Tianhou Palace in Guangdong Province is located in the southeast of Dajiaoshan, Nansha, Panyu, and was built in the Ming Dynasty. There was a large-scale reconstruction during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, which was severely damaged during World War II. 1994, the famous Hong Kong businessman Henry fok took the lead in donating money for reconstruction, and 1996 was completed. There are also a large number of Mazu Tempel in the Pearl River Delta and Chaoshan area.

Jiangsu Province

Nanjing Tianfei Palace is located at the foot of Nanjing Lion Mountain and on the bank of the Yangtze River. It was built in the fifth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty. According to legend, Zheng He was rescued by Maureen when he went to the Western Ocean in distress, and he returned to China to play the role of Emperor Yongle and built it.

Taicang Liuhe Tianfei Palace, also known as Tian Fei Lingci Palace, is commonly known as Niangniang Temple. There is a Fan Tong monument in the Forbidden City, which describes Zheng He's voyages to the West.

Suqian Siyang Zhongxing Tianhou Palace, also known as Tianfei Palace, is located in the west of Rome Street in Zhongxing Town, with a history of more than 300 years.

Tianhou Temple in Kunshan City, Suzhou was donated by local Taiwanese businessmen and rebuilt in the war-damaged Huiju Temple. Mazu incense comes from the Tianhou Temple in Lugang, one of the oldest Mazu Tempel in the history of Taiwan Province Province. The rebuilt Tianhou Palace of Huiji Temple in Kunshan covers an area of 1 1,000 square meters. Buildings and statues are arranged in Minnan and Taiwan Province styles. At present, it is the largest traditional wooden structure building in Fujian and Taiwan in Chinese mainland, and will become the largest Mazu Tempel in the Yangtze River Delta when it is fully completed.

Zhejiang Province

The earliest record of Tianfei Palace in Hangzhou comes from Liang Lumeng in Song Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, there were three Tian Fei palaces: Wulinmen, Sanmaoguan in Wu Shan and Baby Lane.

The earliest Tianfei Palace in Ningbo is Tianfei Palace in Ningbo, which was built in the second year of Song Shaoxi (1 19 1), and/kloc-0 was destroyed by the bombing of the national army in 950. In the middle and late Qing Dynasty, there were more than 40 Tianhou Temples in Ningbo. At present, the most famous Tianhou Palace is Qing 'an Hall (also called Yongdong Tianhou Palace) and An Lan Hall in jiangdong district.

Mazu Tempel is produced in Zhoushan, Wenling, Yuhuan, Dongtou, Nanji and Cangnan in Zhejiang.

Tianjin

In Mazu Tempel, the northernmost part of the mainland, Tianjin Niangniang Palace, in the old society, Tianjin newlyweds often went to Tianjin Tianhou Palace to worship Mazu in order to have children earlier. The role of Mazu belief in the minds of Tianjin people overlaps with the role of sending children to the goddess.

Shandong (province)

Qingdao Tianhou Palace was built in Chenghua for three years, formerly known as Tianfei Palace, which is the oldest existing brick-wood structure complex in Qingdao. Taoist Temple Fair Tianhou Temple Fair, commonly known as "Qingdao Temple Fair".

Penglai Pavilion in Penglai consists of ancient buildings such as Dragon Palace, Children's Temple, Mituo Temple, Tianhou Palace, Sanqing Hall and Lvzu Hall.

Hunan

The Tianhou Palace in Zhijiang, Hunan Province is located on the west bank of Wushui River in Zhijiang County, Hunan Province. It was built in the 13th year of Qing Qianlong (1765).

Sichuan Province

Since the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, with the immigration of Fujian and Guangdong to Sichuan, Tianhou Palace has been built on a large scale in all parts of Sichuan.

Shanxi

Mazu Tempel in Taigu County was built in Qing Dynasty.

Anhui province

The Tianhou Palace in Anqing, Anhui Province was also built during the Qianlong period.

Shaowu city

In Qiaotou Village, Hongdun Town, Shaowu City, Nanping, every year on March 23rd of the lunar calendar, Mazu birthday sacrifice activities will be held, also known as "Mazu Christmas Temple Fair".

In Qiaotou Village, there is still a Tianhou Palace, a building of A Qing Dynasty, dedicated to Mazu, which is usually full of incense. Although there are sacrificial activities in the first month, they are all small-scale activities, far less than the scale of Mazu's birthday sacrificial activities. In the early morning of August 23rd every year, bands, waist drum teams and villagers from Qiaotou and nearby villages have to rush to Tianhou Palace in Qiaotou Village. In the Tianhou Palace, lanterns are decorated, cigarettes are wrapped around, firecrackers are roaring, drums and music are ringing, old women who twist beads are chanting something, and devout men and women worship.

On 20 10, "Mazu Belief (Shaowu)" was listed in the third batch of representative works of municipal intangible cultural heritage in Nanping.

Japan

Mazu belief was introduced into Japan before the Edo period, and Mazu Tempel was found in Ibaraki, Nagasaki, Aomori and Yokohama. Some Mazu Tempel with a long history combined with Japanese traditional Shinto to form "Tian Fei Shrine", such as Tochikuma Biwa Shrine and Tochikuma Shrine. There is also the "Tian Fei Sacrifice" held with the Japanese Shinto ceremony.

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In the era of Ryukyu Kingdom, Mazu belief was introduced from 36 surnames of Fujian people. The famous Mazu Tempel is Tianfei Palace in Na Ba.

Thailand

Overseas Chinese in Guangdong Province, Thailand believe in "Seven Notre Dames (? ) ",there are many Seven Saints Temple in Bangkok, see Sipiye Seven Saints Temple.

South Korea

In the official history of Korea, A Record of the Korean Dynasty, the Korean court has learned about Mazu worship. From the end of Koryo to the period before the riot of Bingzi, South Korean envoys used Shaman Island to pay tribute and compose poems to Mazu Tempel, praying for the safety of navigation. Korean scholars compared Mazu with Deng Ling, and found that Mazu belief did not restrict South Korea's fishing fields, but became an emotional bond connecting people in fishing villages, rural areas and mountain villages, and also made the gods worshipped by Mazu in South Korea gradually develop from the patron saint of the sea to the omnipotent god.