What are the early symptoms of sarcoidosis?

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease involving skin and multiple organs. In addition to the skin, the affected parts include lung, mediastinum and surrounding lymph nodes, phalanges, myocardium, central nervous system, liver, spleen, kidney, eyes and parotid gland. Sarcoidosis can invade only one organ or tissue, or it can invade multiple organs or tissues at the same time. The disease progresses slowly, and remission and recurrence alternate. The clinical symptoms of this disease are varied.

Sarcoidosis is a multi-system granulomatous disease. So far, the cause of pain is not very clear, and it may be caused by comprehensive factors. Lesions can invade hilar lymph nodes, lungs, skin and eyes, as well as liver, spleen, parotid gland, heart, muscles, bones, nervous system and extrapulmonary lymph nodes. Young and middle-aged people are more likely to get this disease. About 40% patients have no symptoms, which can only be found during chest X-ray examination. The symptoms of most patients are slow and mild, showing nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, low fever, loss of appetite, muscle and joint pain. Respiratory symptoms are mainly mild cough and chest tightness, and some patients have chest pain, blood in sputum or hemoptysis.

A few patients with acute onset may have fever, erythema nodosum and joint pain. PPO test is mostly negative, and serum angiotensin converting enzyme is increased, which may be accompanied by increased blood calcium and urine calcium. Chest X-ray and CT showed enlargement of lymph nodes in chest and hilum, changes of lung parenchyma and even pleural lesions. The final diagnosis of sarcoidosis mainly depends on lymph node biopsy and bronchoscopy. The positive rate of cervical scalene muscle, axillary, inguinal and trochlear lymph nodes can reach 65% ~ 8 1%. Bronchoscopic lung biopsy is a simple and safe method to diagnose sarcoidosis at present, and the positive rate can reach 80% ~ 90%, even for patients with no abnormal chest radiograph, the positive rate can reach 50% ~ 60%.

At present, there is no medicine for sarcoidosis. Adrenal glucocorticoid can be used in patients with obvious systemic and local symptoms, which can inhibit the development of granulomatous inflammation, eliminate lung lesions and reduce the formation of pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, it can effectively relieve eye inflammation and correct hypercalcemia. However, it is easy to rebound after drug withdrawal, and long-term application can only improve the effect, and may be combined with adverse hormone reactions, so it should be gradually reduced after taking effect.