The custom of each of the 24 solar terms.

1, beginning of spring:

Spring sowing means "beating cattle", which means persuading farmers to plow in spring and pray for a bumper harvest. According to legend, the Duke of Zhou beginning of spring was a native cow. In addition to playing spring, there is also the custom of biting spring, that is, eating spring cakes, spring vegetables, biting radishes and so on.

Beginning of spring is the first of the 24 solar terms. After this day, the vegetation revived, everything was alive, and spring came.

"A year's plan lies in spring". Three thousand years ago, in the Zhou Dynasty, there was a ceremony to welcome "Spring". The Emperor of Heaven led the princes and doctors of the three public officials and nine noble officials to worship the headstrong god living in the East and pray for a bumper harvest.

2. Rain:

The daughters who got married on this day have returned to their parents' home with gifts. Women who have given birth to children must bring gifts such as canned meat and chairs to thank their parents for their kindness.

After the rain, the rainfall increased. Peach blossoms and pear blossoms are in bud, the tops of grass trees are greener, and busy spring ploughing has begun.

Rain Festival, go back to your parents' house. The married daughter should take her husband, two rattan chairs and "canned meat" and go back to her parents' home to see her parents. If they have children, they should also take care of their children.

3, in a daze:

(1) Sacrifice the white tiger to resolve right and wrong: it is a white tiger painted with paper. Paper tigers are usually yellow and black, with a pair of fangs painted on the corners. When offering sacrifices, you need to feed it with the blood of the fat pig, so that it won't hurt people after eating it, and then put raw pork on the mouth of the paper tiger, so that it is covered with oil and water and can't open its mouth to tell people right and wrong;

(2) "Beating villains" to drive away evil spirits: In ancient times, people used incense and wormwood in four corners of their homes to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells. Over time, it gradually evolved into the habit of those unhappy people slapping their opponents and driving away bad luck, which is the predecessor of "beating villains".

"I was shocked, and the thunder began." As the name implies, the roaring and hibernating animals are awakened by Lei Zhen in spring. In addition to pest control for crops, on this day, they also have to "beat villains" to drive away bad luck.

Because "pear" and "Li" are homophonic, I don't know when eating pears has become a reserved program on Frightened Day.

4. vernal equinox:

On this day, there will be activities such as laying eggs, sending pictures of spring cows, putting up birds' mouths, and the Spring Festival.

The vernal equinox is a day, divided equally between day and night, which means fairness. On this day, the ancients will proofread the measuring instruments.

In addition, every year on this day, men, women and children are playing the same game: let the round eggs stand up. This seemingly simple but actually difficult game lasted for thousands of years.

5. Qingming:

In addition to paying attention to the prohibition of fire to sweep graves, there are also a series of folk sports activities such as hiking, swinging, playing cuju, playing polo and inserting willows.

Qingming is a special solar term to enter the festival. Many customs on this day are related to outing: swinging, flying kites, cuju and inserting willows.

Qingming is a very tangled solar term, which has both the sadness of missing old friends and the comfort of enjoying the scenery. Huang Tingjian wrote, "The festival is bright and smiles, and Noda is desolate."

6. Grain Rain:

(1) It is forbidden to kill five poisons: when farmers enter the fields to kill insects, they put up five grain rain stickers to pray for exorcism;

(2) Grain Rain is popular among fishermen and is used to worship the sea: Grain Rain season is the time when the sea is warm in spring, and it is a good day for hundreds of fish to go to the shallow sea.

(3) Go to Grain Rain: There was a custom of "going to Grain Rain" in ancient times. On this day, young women in Grain Rain go to visit relatives in the village or go for a walk in the wild, which symbolizes the integration of nature and fitness;

(4) Drinking Grain Rain tea: It is said that drinking tea in Grain Rain on this day will clear fire, ward off evil spirits and improve eyesight, so there is a custom of picking tea in Grain Rain in the south;

(5) Eating Toona sinensis in Grain Rain: There is a custom of eating Toona sinensis in Grain Rain in the north;

Grain Rain offered sacrifices to Cang Xie and Wen Zu, and Grain Rain offered sacrifices to Cang Xie, which has been spread for thousands of years since the Han Dynasty.

Grain Rain is the last solar term in spring, and it begins to rain at night in Bashu and other places.

In addition to farming, ancient people also did a lot in Grain Rain: young women wanted to "walk in Grain Rain", that is, walk in the wild; Grain Rain tea should be taken from the south. It is said that it can clear fire, improve eyesight and ward off evil spirits. Toona sinensis should be eaten in the north to improve immunity.

7. Long summer:

On the long summer day, the ancient emperor would lead officials to the southern suburbs of Beijing to welcome the summer and hold a ceremony to welcome the summer. The monarch and his subjects all wear red ceremonial costumes and red jade ornaments, and even horses and car flags should be red to express their desire and good wishes for a bumper harvest. In the imperial court, "open the ice in summer and give it to the civil and military ministers." Ice was stored last winter and given to officials by the emperor. In the folk, people drink cold drinks to cool off in summer. In summer, there is a custom of boiling tender broad beans in Jiangnan water town.

After the long summer, everything changed from primitive to lush. In fact, according to the meteorological significance, long summer is not just summer. Many people like to eat tea eggs, because "long summer" is the most classic food on this day. It is said that eating eggs in summer can pray for peace in summer.

However, many fat people should be disgusted with this long summer, because it is a day to "weigh people", and the "initiator" of this cruel custom is said to be Zhuge Liang.

8. Xiao Man:

There is a saying in Jiangnan that "a villain moves three cars". The so-called "three cars" are waterwheels, spinning wheels and oil trucks. Xiaoman is the season of topdressing early rice and transplanting middle rice in Jiangnan. If the field is not filled with water, it will cause the ridge to dry up and it is impossible to transplant rice seedlings, so people use manpower or animal power to drive the waterwheel to irrigate the paddy field.

"Full", at this time, the seeds of some summer crops have begun to be full. However, there is still a word "small", so it will take them some time to mature.

Xiaoman in Long Summer is transplanting rice. Xiaoman is the season for planting rice, and the most important thing for farmers is to ensure that there is enough water in the rice fields. "Xiaoman is dissatisfied, think about it."

9. Miscanthus:

On the second day of the second lunar month, flowers are sent to greet the god of flowers. In southern Anhui, there will be an Miao's agricultural custom activities, which began in the early Ming Dynasty, praying for a bumper harvest of grain and the safety of villagers.

Mango seeds are busy, barley and wheat have to be harvested, and summer crops such as late rice, millet and millet have to be busy sowing.

At this time, plums are ripe, and the taste of plums is very sour, so it is difficult to eat them directly. Since the Xia Dynasty, there has been a custom of cooking plum in the caravan season, and sour plum soup has become the best summer food.

10, summer solstice:

Cold noodles are commonly eaten in all parts of Shandong, commonly known as water, and there is a proverb that "it is sunny in winter and sunny in jiaozi in summer". In Guangdong, people like to nourish and eat cold food in summer to escape the heat.

"After eating noodles on the solstice in summer, the day is shorter than a thread." On this day, the day is the longest in the northern hemisphere, and then it gradually becomes shorter.

Nevertheless, the summer solstice is not the hottest time. However, due to strong air convection, especially in the afternoon or evening, it is easy to have thunderstorms, just like Liu Yuxi's "sunrise in the east and rain in the west, but sunny on the road."

1 1, Xiao Shu:

There is a folk proverb: "jiaozi lies on one person's head, but he lies on two people's faces, and pancakes spread eggs on three people's feet". From this day on, I entered the dog days. So it is a traditional custom to eat jiaozi's head first. People in Xuzhou eat mutton in ambush, which is called eating mutton in ambush. This custom can be traced back to the Yao and Shun period.

"If the scale of 10,000 watts is like a fire dragon, Japanese cars will not sweat." Just look at Lu You's poem about how hot it is in summer. The sign of summer heat is that plum blossoms bloom and flowers enter the night.

After that, it will be dog days. However, the light summer is also a fruitful day, and farmers can finally taste new rice after working for half a year.

12, hot summer:

Guangdong proverb: Eat fairy grass in the midsummer of June, live like a fairy, and never get old. Fairy grass is "bean jelly grass", and people in Putian, Fujian want to eat lychee, mutton and rice grains for the summer. There is a traditional tonic method in central Hunan and northern Hunan, which is to eat chickens in summer. Southeast Hunan also has the custom of eating ginger in summer. "Eating radish in winter and ginger in summer doesn't require a doctor to prescribe."

The summer heat is the hottest time of the year, and extreme weather such as drought, waterlogging and wind disaster is also very frequent. Therefore, farmers should seize the opportunity, grab the harvest and seeds, and fight drought and drainage. However, they will also take time off and treat themselves with food.

People in Taizhou, Zhejiang eat ginger juice to get rid of moisture in their bodies, while people in Guangdong eat grass to cool off the heat, but people in Putian, Fujian do the opposite, eating hot litchi mutton "to fight poison with poison."

13, beginning of autumn:

The main customs in beginning of autumn are: beginning of autumn Festival, autumn touch, autumn busy party, autumn fat paste and other popular folk in beginning of autumn. People are weighed by hanging scales and compared with those in long summer.

Beginning of autumn is the first solar term in autumn, which also indicates the beginning of harvest. In the Song Dynasty, beginning of autumn had to move the plane tree planted in the flowerpot into the temple. When the time came, Tai Shigong shouted, "Autumn is here."

After the play, the phoenix tree dropped one or two leaves to express autumn. There are many customs on this day, such as touching autumn, and women who are childless after marriage can go to the countryside to explore melons and beans at night.

Touching a pumpkin is easy to give birth to a boy; Touching lentils is easy to give birth to girls; Touching white lentils is more auspicious, besides giving birth to girls, it is a good sign to grow old together.

14, summer:

Around the summer vacation, there will be folk activities to celebrate the Central Plains, commonly known as "July 30" or "Central Plains Festival". People often gather around rivers and lakes to set off river lanterns in order to ferry drowning ghosts and other lonely ghosts in the water. There is a custom of brewing Bailu rice wine in the south. Bailu rice wine is made of glutinous rice, sorghum and other grains, which is slightly sweet, so it is called "Bailu rice wine".

"Chu" means hiding and dying, and "early summer" means that the hot summer has passed and the temperature is gradually decreasing.

After summer, autumn is getting stronger, which is a good time for people to swim in the countryside to welcome autumn scenery. Even the clouds in the sky seem to be scattered and comfortable, unlike the thick clouds in summer.

There has always been a saying among the people that "seeing a clever cloud in July and August" means "going out to welcome autumn".

15, Millennium:

Sacrifice to Yu Wang: The Millennium is the day when people in Taihu Lake offer sacrifices to Yu Wang. While offering sacrifices to Yu Wang, they also offered sacrifices to the land god, flower god, silkworm flower girl, door god, house god and Jiang Taigong.

As the weather gets cold, you will find many dewdrops on the ground and leaves in the morning. This is because water vapor condenses on it at night, so it is named Bailu. During the Millennium, customs varied from place to place.

For example, in old Nanjing, "Bailu Tea" is very popular, while Zixing Xingning, Sandu and Liaojiang have always had wine-making customs. Every year on the Millennium Festival, every family will make wine and drink "local wine" when receiving guests.

16, autumnal equinox:

(1) Vertical egg: It means to stand the egg upright. The autumnal equinox is the best time for laying eggs.

(2) Sacrifice to the Moon: In ancient times, the autumnal equinox was also called the Festival of Sacrificing to the Moon, and there would be activities of sacrificing to the Moon on this day.

In the autumn equinox, most parts of China have entered a cool autumn, and the temperature has dropped again and again. Just as it can be described as "an autumn rain and a cold". The ancients thought that it thundered because the yang was strong and the yin began to flourish after the autumnal equinox, so it stopped thundering.

In addition, the working people's taboos on the autumnal equinox solar terms are also summarized as proverbs, such as "The autumnal equinox is only afraid of lightning, how much is it?"

17, cold dew:

So it includes the Double Ninth Festival, so there are climbing activities. At the same time, you should also eat flower cakes. Because "Gao" and "Gao" are homophonic, the pastry should be called "Chongyang Flower Cake", which means "step by step".

In the cold dew season, the dew on the ground is colder and will soon condense into frost. At this time, it is late autumn in the north, with white clouds and red leaves; Autumn is getting stronger in the south, and cicadas are dying.

From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the biggest feature of this solar term in the southern climate at this time is that "dryness" is at the right time, and dryness is the most likely to hurt the lungs and stomach. Pay attention to health and eat more sweet food.

18, first frost:

(1) Chrysanthemum viewing: The first frost season is when autumn chrysanthemums are in full bloom, and many places in China will hold chrysanthemum parties at this time;

(2) Eat persimmons: As the saying goes: "Eating persimmons in the first frost will not cause a runny nose." Shandong agricultural proverbs: summer sorghum, white deer valley, first frost radish.

The first frost solar term means that the weather is getting colder and the first frost appears. This is the last solar term in autumn.

At this time, health care is particularly important. There is a folk proverb that "it is better to make up the first frost in one year", which shows the influence of this solar term on us.

In some places in China, red persimmons are eaten in the first frost. In the eyes of local people, this can not only keep out the cold and keep warm, but also strengthen the bones and muscles. In some places, the explanation of this custom is that the first frost will eat shuttlecock on this day, otherwise his lips will crack all winter. Some places say that eating persimmon diced in the first frost will not cause runny nose.

19, beginning of winter:

(1) Eat jiaozi: Whenever beginning of winter, people in northern China will eat jiaozi on this day;

(2) Sacrificing to Heaven and Ancestors: In ancient times, people held ancestor worship activities in beginning of winter that day, thanking God for his gift.

Beginning of winter, winter starts now. Winter is the end, that is to say, the crops should be harvested before harvesting.

Han people take winter solstice as the beginning of winter, so they need to supplement food for the severe winter. In addition, as the old saying goes, "There are three layers of wheat this winter, and steamed bread will sleep next year", which is a good time for autumn harvest and winter planting.

20, light snow:

(1) Bacon: In southern China, there is a custom of "curing with wind in winter and storing it for winter";

(2) Eating Ciba: There is a saying of "Ciba Shao in October";

(3) Dried fish: After the light snow begins, fishermen in the south-central seaside of Taiwan Province Province will dry the dried fish and store dry food.

When there is light snow, bacon is the most familiar folk custom of southerners. As the saying goes, "winter wax is windy, and it is preserved to keep out the cold." After the light snow, the temperature plummeted and the weather became dry, which was a good time to process bacon.

In addition, eating Ciba is also the custom of Xiaoxue in the south. Ciba was originally used by farmers to worship the cow god. There is a saying that "in October, Ciba Shao" refers to sacrificial events.

2 1, heavy snow:

Pickled "salty goods": there is a saying in northern Shandong that "the road is full and only red sticky porridge is drunk"; In old Nanjing, there is a saying that "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". Every household is busy pickling "salty goods" as soon as the solar term of heavy snow arrives.

Heavy snow, as the name implies, has a large amount of snow. At this time, there is often heavy snow or even blizzard in the area where the cold and warm air meet at the front of the strong cold air. And special climate phenomena such as freezing rain (rime) and rime have also become the unique landscape of this season.

At this time, "river closure" is also a unique landscape in the north. In the solar term of heavy snow, the water in the northern rivers often freezes, and people can skate and play as much as they like.

22. Winter solstice:

(1) ancestor worship: due to the characteristics of solar terms, "the sun rises in the winter solstice and the sun rises in the heavens and the earth". The ancients thought that since the winter solstice, the sun has risen in the heavens and the earth, representing the beginning of the next cycle, which is a good day. Therefore, in some parts of southern China, there is a festival custom of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors in winter solstice;

(2) Eat jiaozi: In the north of China, regardless of whether the family is rich or not, jiaozi is an essential holiday feast for the winter solstice of the Lunar New Year every year. As the saying goes, "On 10/day, when winter solstice comes, every family eats jiaozi." The origin of this custom is because Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", gave up medicine in the winter solstice.

On the solstice in winter, the direct point of the sun reaches the southernmost point of the year. On this day, the northern hemisphere gets the least sunshine and the shortest day, and the days get shorter as it goes north. In the north of China, it is the custom to eat jiaozi on the solstice in winter, while in the south, it is to eat glutinous rice balls.

There is a folk custom of "counting nine" from winter to Sunday, and there have been sacrificial activities in the court since the Zhou Dynasty. The solstice in winter is also a good time to keep fit.

23, slight cold:

(1) Eat vegetable rice: Nanjing pays attention to eating vegetable rice;

(2) Glutinous rice: Guangdong mainly pays attention to eating glutinous rice.

A slight cold marks the beginning of the coldest day of the year. According to China's meteorological data, slight cold is the lowest temperature solar term, and the temperature of great cold is lower than slight cold in only a few years. Entering the slight cold, the flavor of the year is getting stronger and stronger. People are busy writing Spring Festival couplets, cutting window grilles and buying new year's goods to prepare for the Spring Festival.

Mutton hot pot, sugar-fried chestnuts and baked sweet potatoes have become a slight cold fashion. As the saying goes, "three nine make up one winter, and there will be no disease in the coming year", which is the practice of eating mutton to regulate the body in winter.

24, the great cold:

Eating Laba porridge: In the cold solar terms, there is a very important day for northerners-Laba, which is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On this day, people cook a pot of sweet and delicious "Laba porridge" with whole grains, peanuts, chestnuts, red dates and lotus seeds.

Great cold is the last solar term, which means the weather is extremely cold.

In this solar term, the more important link is "food supplement". Eight-treasure rice, stewed chicken with qi, stewed radish with mutton and frog with qi are all essential products on the table of the people.

Extended data:

Twenty-four solar terms refer to 24 specific festivals in the lunar calendar of China, indicating seasonal changes. They are formulated according to the position change of the earth on the ecliptic (that is, the orbit of the earth around the sun), and each one corresponds to a certain position reached by the earth every time it moves 15 on the ecliptic.

Twenty-four solar terms, a supplementary calendar established in the pre-Qin period and completely established in the Han Dynasty, is a knowledge system formed by observing the movement of the sun in a year and understanding the changing laws of the four seasons, climate and phenology in a year. It divides the sun's annual trajectory into 24 equal parts, and each equal part is a solar term, starting from beginning of spring and ending with severe cold. It is not only a time standard promulgated by successive governments, but also a compass to guide agricultural production. People's compass for predicting cold, warm, rainy and snowy weather in daily life is the crystallization of the long-term experience and wisdom of Chinese working people.

Baidu encyclopedia-24 solar terms