What is the solar term standing in the middle?

Reading the map shows that (1) when the direct point of the sun is on the equator (i.e. position ②) is the vernal equinox or (position ④) the autumn equinox in the northern hemisphere; When the direct point of the sun is on the tropic of cancer (i.e. ① position), it is the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere; When the direct point of the sun is on the tropic of Capricorn (that is, position ③), it is the winter solstice in the northern hemisphere; (2) Teacher's Day is September 10, and autumn is divided into September 23rd. Therefore, on Teachers' Day, the earth is located near the ④ point on the orbit of revolution, and in the mid-term exam, the revolution of the earth is located near the ① point. ..

So the answer is:

(1) Summer solstice; Vernal equinox; Solstice of winter; Autumnal equinox;

(2)④; ①.