What are the advantages and disadvantages of horizontally opposed, V-shaped, W-shaped and in-line engine cylinders?

This kind of engine is two V-type engines. The design idea of W-type engine is to use two V-type engines to form a V-type engine.

Advantages: the structure is more compact, more cylinders can be accommodated, and the displacement is larger.

The disadvantage is that the structure is too complicated and the operation balance is not good.

Because of the patent, this kind of engine can only be seen in a few cars such as Volkswagen and Audi. European Volkswagen Golf, European Volkswagen Passat and Audi A8 are equipped with W6, W8 and W 12 engines respectively.

Second, V type

Advantages: stable operation (suitable for V6, V8 and V 12) and space saving.

Disadvantages: the structure is complex, which is not conducive to maintenance and high cost. At the same time, V3 and V5 include V 10 because the structure or displacement is not very stable, especially V 10, which is an engine of F 1. The 3L engine needs a lot of energy and money to ensure its stability.

Representative models: Audi A6, Ferrari 360, Porsche carrear? GT, Mercedes S600. Use V6, V8, V 10 and V 12 engines respectively. V3 mainly appears on some motorcycles, and V5 is said to be used in the previous generation of Volkswagen Golf. V 16 can be found in some luxury classic cars.

Third, horizontal opposition.

Advantages: low center of gravity (nonsense, it is 180 degrees, can it be lower than it), easy to control and balance.

Disadvantages: the cost is still high and the engine is too wide.

Horizontally opposed engine's most famous application is the famous 9 1 1.

Fourth, online.

Advantages: stability, low cost, simple structure, good running balance and small volume.

Disadvantages: When the displacement and the number of cylinders increase, the length of the engine will increase greatly.

Four-cylinder inline engines are generally widely used in engines with displacement less than 2.2 liters.

6-cylinder inline engine, the most famous example is BMW's M3. The main purpose of BMW's choice of 6-cylinder inline engine is to facilitate counterweight and stability. Although the inline engine is relatively simple, it is definitely not synonymous with bad.